具有多个组的条形图的不同 y 尺度

Question

我在

matplotlib

的条形图中有两组，具有不同尺度的测量值。我希望右侧的轴有一个单独的 y 轴，以免相对左侧的轴显得收缩。这是我到目前为止所尝试过的：

代码：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 300
plt.rcParams['font.size'] = 14

# set width of bars
barWidth = 0.15

bars1   = [10, 0.5]
bars2   = [11, 0.8]
bars3   = [20, 1.0]
bars4   = [30, 1.5]
bars5   = [40, 1.8]

# Set position of bar on X axis
r1 = np.arange(len(bars1))
r2 = [x + barWidth for x in r1]
r3 = [x + barWidth for x in r2]
r4 = [x + barWidth for x in r3]
r5 = [x + barWidth for x in r4]

# Make the plot
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 6))
ax.bar(r1, bars1, color='#7f6d5f', width=barWidth, edgecolor='white')
ax.bar(r2, bars2, color='#557f2d', width=barWidth, edgecolor='white')
ax.bar(r3, bars3, color='#2d7f5e', width=barWidth, edgecolor='white')
ax.bar(r4, bars4, color='#2d7f5e', width=barWidth, edgecolor='white')
ax.bar(r5, bars5, color='#2d7f5e', width=barWidth, edgecolor='white')

# Create secondary y-axis for the right group
ax2 = ax.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel('scale2', fontweight='bold', labelpad=10)

group_labels = ['group1', 'group2']
ax.set_xlabel('Datasets', fontweight='bold', labelpad=10)
ax.set_ylabel('scale1', fontweight='bold', labelpad=10,)
ax.set_xticks([r + 2 * barWidth for r in range(len(bars1))])
ax.set_xticklabels(group_labels)

ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
plt.show()

电流输出：

怎样才能让

group2

只受

scale2

影响？

Answer 1

您需要为 group2 的元素调用

ax2.bar

，如下所示：

# Make the plot
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 6))
ax2 = ax.twinx()

for r, bar, color in zip([r1, r2, r3, r4, r5],
                         [bars1, bars2, bars3, bars4, bars5],
                         ['#7f6d5f', '#557f2d'] + ['#2d7f5e'] * 3):
    kwargs = {'color': color, 
              'width': barWidth, 
              'edgecolor': 'white'}
    ax.bar(r[0], bar[0], **kwargs)
    ax2.bar(r[1], bar[1], **kwargs)

输出：