在AWS的Ubuntu18上安装postgres

Question

我需要在AWS的新Ubuntu计算机上运行具有以下命令的shell脚本：

sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib

但是，由于某些限制，我不想上网。因此，我下载了下面的两个.deb，并将它们保存到框中。

postgresql_12+213.pgdg18.04+1_all.deb
postgresql-contrib_12+213.pgdg18.04+1_all.deb

并且，在shell脚本中，我将以下命令替换为以下命令：

sudo dpkg -i postgresql_12+213.pgdg18.04+1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i postgresql-contrib_12+213.pgdg18.04+1_all.deb

现在，在执行脚本时，出现以下错误：

(Reading database ... 56588 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack postgresql_12+213.pgdg18.04+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking postgresql (12+213.pgdg18.04+1) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of postgresql:
postgresql depends on postgresql-12; however:
Package postgresql-12 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package postgresql (--install):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 postgresql
Selecting previously unselected package postgresql-contrib.
(Reading database ... 56591 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack postgresql-contrib_12+213.pgdg18.04+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking postgresql-contrib (12+213.pgdg18.04+1) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of postgresql-contrib:
 postgresql-contrib depends on postgresql-contrib-12; however:
  Package postgresql-contrib-12 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package postgresql-contrib (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
postgresql-contrib

因此，我尝试单独运行以下命令（只是检查一下，因为它们在我的本地ubuntu机器上运行得很好），我相信它会进入Internet：

sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib

我收到以下错误：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
postgresql-contrib is already the newest version (12+213.pgdg18.04+1).
postgresql is already the newest version (12+213.pgdg18.04+1).
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 postgresql : Depends: postgresql-12 but it is not installable
postgresql-contrib : Depends: postgresql-contrib-12 but it is not installable
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

我对linux不太满意，但是在上面的错误中，我看到它说postgresql已经在最新版本中。但是，当我尝试运行以下命令时，它们不起作用：

postgres --version
postgres -V
locate /bin/postgres
psql --version

似乎postgres没有预装在机器上。因此，我的问题是我需要在没有互联网访问的情况下运行以下命令（为此我下载了deb并尝试了但没有用）

sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib

Answer 1

尝试更新您的Ubuntu，然后再次安装软件包-