`std::unordered_map::emplace`的返回类型

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我在自己的课堂上使用

std::unordered_map
。代码如下:

#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>

template<class T>
class MSet {
public:
    std::unordered_map<T, int> map;
    MSet(): map(std::unordered_map<T, int>()) {};
    void add(T e);
};

template<class T>
void MSet<T>::add(T e) {
    std::pair<std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator, bool> ret = map.emplace(e, 1);
    if (ret.second) {
        std::cout << "Added" << std::endl;
    }
}

int main(int, char**){
    MSet<int> mset;
    mset.add(1);
}

对于

ret
中的
MSet::add
类型,编译器报告以下错误:

[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp: In member function ‘void MSet<T>::add(T)’:
[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp:14:57: error: type/value mismatch at argument 1 in template parameter list for ‘template<class _T1, class _T2> struct std::pair’
[build]      std::pair<std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator, bool> ret = map.emplace(e, 1);
[build]                                                          ^
[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp:14:57: note:   expected a type, got ‘std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator’
[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp:15:13: error: request for member ‘second’ in ‘ret’, which is of non-class type ‘int’
[build]      if (ret.second) {
[build]              ^~~~~~
[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp: In instantiation of ‘void MSet<T>::add(T) [with T = int]’:
[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp:23:15:   required from here
[build] /home/experiment/main.cpp:14:59: error: cannot convert ‘std::pair<std::__detail::_Node_iterator<std::pair<const int, int>, false, false>, bool>’ to ‘int’ in initialization
[build]      std::pair<std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator, bool> ret = map.emplace(e, 1);
[build]                                                            ^~~

我知道我可以替换以下代码:

std::pair<std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator, bool> ret = map.emplace(e, 1);

auto ret = map.emplace(e, 1);

并且如果替换的话编译器不会报错。我只是想找出声明类型的正确方法,以便

ret
的类型在我的代码中清晰可见。

c++ c++11 stl unordered-map
1个回答
0
投票

使用 clang 编译时问题变得明显(参见 Compiler Explorer):

<source>:14:15: error: template argument for template type parameter must be a type; did you forget 'typename'?
   14 |     std::pair<std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator, bool> ret = map.emplace(e, 1);
      |               ^
      |               typename

std::unordered_map<T, int>
依赖于
T
,编译器无法判断
::iterator
是映射的类型还是静态成员。要消除歧义,您需要
typename

std::pair<typename std::unordered_map<T, int>::iterator, bool> ret = map.emplace(e, 1);

另请参阅我必须在哪里以及为什么必须放置“template”和“typename”关键字?

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