无法找到@SpringBootConfiguration，您需要在测试中使用@ContextConfiguration 或@SpringBootTest(classes=...)

Question

我正在使用

Spring Data JPA

和

Spring Boot

。应用程序的布局是这样的

main
    +-- java
        +-- com/lapots/game/monolith
            +-- repository/relational
                +--RelationalPlayerRepository.java
            +-- web
                +--GrandJourneyMonolithApplication.java
                +-- config
                    +-- RelationalDBConfiguration.java
test
    +-- java
        +-- com/lapots/game/monolith
            +-- repository/relational
                +-- RelationalPlayerRepositoryTests.java
            +-- web
                +-- GrandJourneyMonolithApplicationTests.java

我的对象的存储库看起来像这样

public interface RelationalPlayerRepository extends JpaRepository<Player, Long> {
}

此外，我还为存储库提供了一个配置

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.lapots.game.monolith.repository.relational")
@EntityScan("com.lapots.game.monolith.domain")
public class RelationalDBConfiguration {
}

我的主要应用程序看起来像这样

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan("com.lapots.game.monolith")
public class GrandJourneyMonolithApplication {

    @Autowired
    private RelationalPlayerRepository relationalPlayerRepository;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GrandJourneyMonolithApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public CommandLineRunner initPlayers() {
        return (args) -> {
            Player p = new Player();
            p.setLevel(10);
            p.setName("Master1909");
            p.setClazz("warrior");

            relationalPlayerRepository.save(p);
        };
    }
}

应用测试看起来像这样

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class GrandJourneyMonolithApplicationTests {

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

}

存储库的测试看起来像这样

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class RelationalPlayerRepositoryTests {

    @Autowired
    private TestEntityManager entityManager;

    @Autowired
    private RelationalPlayerRepository repository;

    @Test
    public void testBasic() {
        Player expected = createPlayer("Master12", "warrior", 10);
        this.entityManager.persist(expected);
        List<Player> players = repository.findAll();
        assertThat(repository.findAll()).isNotEmpty();
        assertEquals(expected, players.get(0));
    }

    private Player createPlayer(String name, String clazz, int level) {
        Player p = new Player();
        p.setId(1L);
        p.setName(name);
        p.setClazz(clazz);
        p.setLevel(level);
        return p;
    }
}

但是当我尝试运行测试时出现错误

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.041 sec <<< FAILURE! - in com.lapots.game.monolith.repository.relational.RelationalPlayerRepositoryTests
initializationError(com.lapots.game.monolith.repository.relational.RelationalPlayerRepositoryTests)  Time elapsed: 0.006 sec  <<< ERROR!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your test
at org.springframework.util.Assert.state(Assert.java:70)
at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.getOrFindConfigurationClasses(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:202)
at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.processMergedContextConfiguration(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:137)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:409)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildDefaultMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:323)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:277)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:112)
at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:82)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:120)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:105)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:152)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:143)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner.<init>(SpringRunner.java:49)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:283)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeWithRerun(JUnit4Provider.java:173)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:128)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)

问题是什么？ 域

Player

看起来像这样

@Data
@Entity
@Table(schema = "app", name = "players")
public class Player {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    @Transient
    Set<Player> comrades;

    @Column(unique = true)
    private String name;

    private int level;

    @Column(name = "class")
    private String clazz;
}

Answer 1

src/test/java

包和

src/main/java

包应该匹配。 我有同样的问题

• 我的

  src/main/java

  包以com.comp.example开始但是

• src/test/java

  包以 com.sample.example
开头

因为这个 spring boot 应用程序无法获取应用程序的配置，它从

@SpringBootApplication

类中获取。 所以测试用例应该属于写

@SpringBootApplication

中

src/main/java

的相同包。

Answer 2

Spring Boot 启动时，会从项目的顶部到底部扫描类路径以查找配置文件。您的配置在另一个文件下，这是问题的原因。将您的配置移至 monolith 包，一切都会好起来的。

Answer 3

@SpringBootTest

有一个名为

classes

的参数。它接受一组用于配置的类。将配置文件的类添加到其中，例如：

@SpringBootTest(classes={com.lapots.game.monolith.web.GrandJourneyMonolithApplication.class})

Answer 4

测试

src/test/java

文件也应遵循与

src/main/java

.

中相同的目录结构

Answer 5

在我的例子中，这是由于一些[移动|复制/粘贴]类。对于某些人来说，

package

子句是 [未正确更新|不存在] 并且没有获取更改，而是 IDE。

无论如何，检查你的项目包装。

Answer 6

如果你的项目里面没有可测试代码，而你在spring boot默认测试类中有默认测试块

@SpringBootTest

class DemoApplicationTests {
    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
    }
}

删除测试注释和 contextLoads() 方法。对此

@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
}

Answer 7

删除文件

module-info.java

。这对我有用。

Answer 8

只有在

@SpringBootTest

类中包含上下文配置类和应用程序类后，我才能解决这个问题。

Answer 9

对我来说，它通过将路径添加到主类来工作，如下所示 @SpringBootTest（类= {com.ghimire.bookApi.SpringBookApiPracticeApplication.class}）