使用 Pygame 和 Opengl 与 Pygbag 时无法渲染球体

Question

大家好，当我尝试在 Visual Studio 终端中运行 Pygbag main.py 命令时，我目前遇到问题，问题是我编写的两个球体未在 Pygbag 中渲染，这是我的代码和我当前正在处理的屏幕截图，我正在调用 create objects 来初始化 main.py 第 32 行上的球体：

我已经尝试过诸如此类的 Stackoverflow 解决方案，但是，它们似乎不起作用：

使用 pyopengl 渲染 pygame 精灵

使用 PyOpenGL 在 Pygame 中渲染图像

主要.py：

from pygame import *
import pygame, asyncio
from pygame.locals import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *
import glfw
import math
pygame.init()
width, height = 1600, 800
display = (width, height)
window = glfw.create_window(width, height, "My OpenGL window", None, None)
scree = pygame.display.set_mode(display, DOUBLEBUF | OPENGL)
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
class createAllObjects:
    def __init__(self, x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2, r1, g1, b1, r2, g2, b2):
        self.x1 = x1
        self.x2 = x2
        self.y1 = y1
        self.y2 = y2
        self.z1 = z1
        self.z2 = z2
        self.r1 = r1
        self.r2 = r2
        self.g1 = g1
        self.g2 = g2
        self.b1 = b1
        self.b2 = b2
        self.mouse_x = 0
        self.mouse_y = 0
        #self.run_process()
        data = self.read_data()
        self.create_objects(x1=data[0], x2=data[6], y1=data[2], y2=data[4], z1=data[8], z2=data[10], r1=data[1], r2=data[3], g1=data[5], g2=data[7], b1=data[9], b2=data[11])
    def Sphere(self, x, y, z, r, g, b):
        sphere = gluNewQuadric() 
        glTranslatef(x, y, z) 
        glColor4f(r, g, b, 1)
        gluSphere(sphere, 1.0, 32, 16) 
    async def create_objects(self, x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2, r1, g1, b1, r2, g2, b2):
        self.object1 = self.Sphere(x1, y1, z1, r1, b1, g1)
        self.object2 = self.Sphere(x2, y2, z2, r2, g2, b2)
    async def get_mouse_press(self, x, y, button=None, modifiers=None):
        self.a = (GLuint * 1)(0)
        glReadPixels(x, y, 1, 1, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, self.a)
        print(self.a[0])
    async def read_data(self):
        filename = 'test.txt'
        with open(filename, 'r') as f:
            data = f.read().replace('\n', '')
            data = data.split(' ')
            finalList = [ele for ele in data]
            listLen = len(finalList)
            new_dict = {}
            for ele in range(listLen):
                data = float(finalList[ele])
                new_dict.update({int(ele):data})
            f.close()
            return new_dict
    def run_process(self):
        x_range = 0
        y_range = 0
        z_range = 0
        x = 6
        
        for i in range(x):
            x_range += 1
            y_range += 1
            z_range += 1
            print('please input a value for x, y, and z, thank you.')
            output_pos = float(input())
            print('please input the r, g, b color values, thank you.')
            output_rgb = float(input())
            filename = 'test.txt'
            with open(filename, 'a+') as f:
                f.write(str(output_pos)+' ')
                f.write(str(output_rgb)+' '+'\n')
            print(x_range, y_range, z_range)
            if i == x:
                print('Element found')
                break
class runEngine():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def convert_positions(self, mode):
        if str(mode):
            if mode == 'x'.lower():
                x, y = self.mouse_pos
                result = x
            elif mode == 'y'.lower():
                x, y = self.mouse_pos
                result = y
            return result
        else:
            raise Exception(mode+' is not a string, please enter a string.')
    async def runAll(self):
        
        glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
        gluPerspective(45, (display[0]/display[1]), 0.1, 50.0)

        glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
        gluLookAt(0, -8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)
        viewMatrix = glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX)
        glLoadIdentity()

        run = True


        while run:
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    run = False
                if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE or event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
                        run = False  
                if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                    self.mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                    #print(self.mouse_pos)
                    x = self.convert_positions('x')
                    y = self.convert_positions('y')
                    colorPicker = self.mainEngine.get_mouse_press(x, y)
                    if self.mainEngine.a[0] != 0:
                        glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
                        gluLookAt(0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)
                        viewMatrix = glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX)
                        glLoadIdentity()
                

            keypress = pygame.key.get_pressed()
            mouse_clicked = pygame.event.get()
            # init model view matrix
            glLoadIdentity()

            # init the view matrix
            glPushMatrix()
            glLoadIdentity()

            # apply the movment 
            if keypress[pygame.K_w]:
                glTranslatef(0,0,0.1)
            if keypress[pygame.K_s]:
                glTranslatef(0,0,-0.1)
            if keypress[pygame.K_d]:
                glTranslatef(-0.1,0,0)
            if keypress[pygame.K_a]:
                glTranslatef(0.1,0,0)
            if keypress[pygame.K_UP]:
                glRotatef(1, 0.1, 0, 0)
            if keypress[pygame.K_DOWN]:
                glRotatef(1, -0.1, 0, 0)
            if keypress[pygame.K_LEFT]:
                glRotatef(1, 0, 0.1, 0)
            if keypress[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
                glRotatef(1, 0, -0.1, 0)
            if keypress[pygame.K_0]:
                glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
                gluLookAt(0, -8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)
                viewMatrix = glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX)
                glLoadIdentity()

            # multiply the current matrix by the get the new view matrix and store the final vie matrix 
            glMultMatrixf(viewMatrix)
            viewMatrix = glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX)

            # apply view matrix
            glPopMatrix()
            glMultMatrixf(viewMatrix)

            glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) #Clear the screen

            glPushMatrix() 
            
            self.mainEngine = createAllObjects(-1.5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2)
            asyncio.run(self.mainEngine.create_objects(self.mainEngine, createAllObjects.x1, createAllObjects.x2, createAllObjects.y1, createAllObjects.y2, createAllObjects.z1, createAllObjects.z2, createAllObjects.r1, createAllObjects.g1, createAllObjects.b1, createAllObjects.r2, createAllObjects.g2, createAllObjects.b2))
            #Sphere(-1.5, 0, 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.6)  
            #Sphere(6, 0, 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.6)  

            glPopMatrix()

            pygame.display.flip() #Update the screen
            pygame.time.wait(10)
            await asyncio.sleep(0)
        

        pygame.quit()
class SimulationEngine:
    def __init__(self):
        init()
        self.RES = self.WIDTH, self.HEIGHT = 1600, 900
        self.H_WIDTH, self.H_HEIGHT = self.WIDTH // 2, self.HEIGHT // 2
        self.FPS = 60
        self.screen = display.set_mode(self.RES)
        self.clock = time.Clock()
    
    def draw(self):
        self.screen.fill(Color('darkslategray'))

    def run(self):
        while True:
            self.draw()
            [exit() for i in event.get() if i.type == QUIT]
            display.set_caption(str(self.clock.get_fps()))
            display.flip()
            self.clock.tick(self.FPS)

asyncio.run(runEngine().runAll())
app = SimulationEngine()
app.run()


        
app.run()

本期截图：

还有一个名为 test.txt 的文本文件，用于生成每个球体的位置和颜色，这样做是为了可以选取颜色并跟踪每个球体，该文本文件包含以下内容：-1.5, 0, 0, 6, 0 、0、0.2、0.2、0.2、0.2、0.2、0.2。选取颜色的函数名称是 getMousePress，位于第 41 行。

我该如何解决这个问题？我是否必须使用不同的显示类型，如果是的话，我必须使用什么显示类型？非常感谢您，任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

遗憾的是 pygame-ce 的 3D 部分尚未经过测试，并且可用的时间很少，因为它最初是一个 2D 库。

作为 pygbag 作者，我强烈建议您使用专门用于 3D 的软件包，例如 Panda3D 或 Harfang3D，它们都运行良好。