我正在尝试以 Linux 上的非 root 用户身份从源代码构建 Python3.12。我知道它需要 openssl （用于 pip）和 libffi 标头，我也尝试从源代码构建它们。这样做我最终在 make 日志中出现以下错误：
[ERROR] _ctypes failed to import: libffi.so.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[ERROR] _hashlib failed to import: libcrypto.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[ERROR] _ssl failed to import: libssl.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
The following modules are *disabled* in configure script:
_sqlite3
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_curses _curses_panel _dbm
_gdbm _lzma _tkinter
nis readline
To find the necessary bits, look in configure.ac and config.log.
Following modules built successfully but were removed because they could not be imported:
_ctypes _hashlib _ssl
Could not build the ssl module!
Python requires a OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer
Checked 111 modules (31 built-in, 67 shared, 1 n/a on linux-x86_64, 1 disabled, 8 missing, 3 failed on import)
我希望能够（除其他外）使用 ctype 模块，所以这是次优的。
第 1 步：从源构建 libffi。在配置 make 文件时，我遵循了 这些 说明并包含了
--prefix=$HOME/.local./configure --prefix=$HOME/.local第 2 步：从源构建 openssl。我（或多或少）遵循了这些指示。我在配置过程中再次包含了
--prefix=$HOME/.local现在，我的
.local├── bin
│ ├── c_rehash
│ └── openssl
├── include
│ ├── ffi.h
│ ├── ffitarget.h
│ └── openssl
│ └── <loads of header files>.h
├── lib
│ ├── libcrypto.so
│ ├── libffi.so
│ ├── libssl.so
│ └── pkgconfig
│ └── libffi.pc
├── lib64
│ ├── cmake
│ │ └── OpenSSL
│ │ ├── OpenSSLConfig.cmake
│ │ └── OpenSSLConfigVersion.cmake
│ ├── engines-3
│ │ ├── afalg.so
│ │ ├── capi.so
│ │ ├── loader_attic.so
│ │ └── padlock.so
│ ├── libcrypto.a
│ ├── libcrypto.so
│ ├── libcrypto.so.3
│ ├── libffi.a
│ ├── libffi.la
│ ├── libffi.so
│ ├── libffi.so.8
│ ├── libffi.so.8.1.3
│ ├── libssl.a
│ ├── libssl.so
│ ├── libssl.so.3
│ ├── ossl-modules
│ │ └── legacy.so
│ └── pkgconfig
│ ├── libcrypto.pc
│ ├── libssl.pc
│ └── openssl.pc
├── share
│ ├── ...
...
第3步：从源构建Python3.12。在这里，我还包含了this帖子的要点，并尝试包含所有正确的标志等。我怀疑这里出了问题。
配置：
./configure --enable-optimizations --with-lto --with-openssl=$HOME/.local \
--prefix=$HOME/.local/ \
LIBFFI_INCLUDEDIR=$HOME/.local/include \
LDFLAGS="-L$HOME/.local/lib/../lib64 -L$HOME/.local/lib64" \
CFLAGS="-I$HOME/.local/include"
这导致（经过多次尝试）对 libiff 和 openssl 文件的检查产生了一些积极的输出。
构建（由于某种原因重复包含目录，请参阅前面的链接）：
make LIBFFI_INCLUDEDIR=$HOME/.local/include
执行
make（注： 新功能，不是 Linux 向导）
动态库可能很棘手，因为有很多不同的步骤，都需要找到它们。您使用
-Llibffi.so_ctypes[ERROR] _ctypes failed to import: libffi.so.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
_ctypes.so_ctypesreadelf -d$ readelf -d ./Modules/_ctypes_failed.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
Dynamic section at offset 0x3aca0 contains 28 entries:
Tag Type Name/Value
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libffi.so.8]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libdl.so.2]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0xe000
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x32b4c
0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x3bc80
0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 16 (bytes)
0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x3bc90
0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 16 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x328
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x1948
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x370
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 3975 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x3c000
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 4488 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0xc1d0
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x2b88
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 38472 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x2aa8
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 5
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x28d0
0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 1558
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0
您可以从
NEEDEDlibffi.so.8LD_LIBRARY_PATHELF 文件的动态部分支持
RUNPATHNEEDEDRUNPATH-rpath-WlgccLDFLAGSLDFLAGS="-L$HOME/.local/lib/../lib64 -L$HOME/.local/lib64 -Wl,-rpath,$HOME/.local/lib64"
我自己尝试过（在我的机器上是
/lib/lib64_ctypes$ readelf -d ./Modules/_ctypes.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
Dynamic section at offset 0x21cd8 contains 28 entries:
Tag Type Name/Value
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libffi.so.8]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libdl.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x000000000000001d (RUNPATH) Library runpath: [/home/chuck/.local/lib]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x6000
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x1b508
0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x22cc8
0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x22cd0
0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x2f0
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x15f0
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x318
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 3663 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x23000
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 3864 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x4ea0
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x2698
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 10248 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x25d8
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 4
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x2440
0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 389
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0
顺便说一句，当我按照您的步骤操作时，我还看到 OpenSSL 3 的错误，因此我安装了 OpenSSL 1.1.1w，这修复了
_hashlib_ssl