如何从一个列表的所有元素中替换掉冒号（:）？

Question

嗨，让我解释一下我想做什么。我正在做一个有趣的项目，只是为了积累经验.我打算在python中做一个程序，我想给所有的mac地址，连接到我家的wifi网络和程序给我一个输出，如果我给的mac地址已经在列表中（我已经保存）或它是一个新的mac地址。

我做了一个所有已知的mac地址的字典。

reg_mac = {
    "Device A" : "00:00:00:00:00:00",
    "Device B" : "00:00:00:00:00:00",
    "Device C" : "00:00:00:00:00:00",
    "Device D" : "00:00:00:00:00:00",
    "Device E" : "00:00:00:00:00:00"
}

然后，我把字典中的冒号(value)全部替换为 "" 没有空间。

res = {key:value.replace(':', '') for key,value in reg_mac.items()}

我得到了这个

reg_mac = {
    "Device A" : "000000000000",
    "Device B" : "000000000000",
    "Device C" : "000000000000",
    "Device D" : "000000000000",
    "Device E" : "000000000000"
}

然后我让用户输入mac地址列表

num = int(input('Size of elements : '))
arr = list()

for i in range(num) :
  ele  = (input())
  arr.append(ele)

**现在我想把列表元素[00:00:00:00:00]中的所有冒号": "替换为[00000000]。

然后我想打印

如果我们的字典里有mac地址，则打印 "这是{key}"，否则打印 "这是一个新设备"

我是python的新手，也是一般的计算机编程新手。这是我的第一个有趣的小项目。如果有人帮助我，我完成了我的第一个项目，这将提高我的兴趣，我将开始工作的新项目。

顺便说一下 我是一个新手，还在网上学习我的python课程。

Answer 1

如果你想检查是否有一个值在字典中，你需要使用 .values() 方法。

if mac in reg_mac.values():
    print("This is {key}")

else:
    print("This is a new device")

Answer 2

这是你要找的吗？

def address_already_exists(key):
  result = []
  for i in range(6):
    result.append(key[2*i:2*(i+1)])
  return ":".join(result)

print(address_already_exists("000000000000")) # prints 00:00:00:00:00:00

Answer 3

列表理解中的mac过滤器，每2个分开，连接在": "上。

matches = filter(lambda x: x[1] in arr,reg_mac.items())

# create res dict key:value of matching macs with colons
res = {k:":".join(v[i:i+2] for i in range(0,len(v),2)) for k,v in matches}
[print(k,v) for k,v in res.items()] #print k and v for each

Answer 4

你可以使用 dict.items() 来找到该值所属的键。

mac = input("Input mac adress: ")

for m, a in reg_mac.items():
    if mac == a:
        print(f"This is {m}")
    else:
        print("This is a new device")

---

你也可以只用 dict.keys():

mac = input("Input mac adress: ")

for m in reg_mac.keys():
    if mac == reg_mac[m]:
        print(f"This is {m}")
    else:
        print("This is a new device")

Answer 5

So finally i found my answer and now my program is working perfectly fine.I am sharing my working code down below:

注册Mac地址

reg_mac = {
    "Device A" : "00:00:00:00:00:01",
    "Device B" : "00:00:00:00:00:02",
    "Device C" : "00:00:00:00:00:03",
    "Device D" : "00:00:00:00:00:04",
    "Device E" : "00:00:00:00:00:05",
    "Device F" : "00:00:00:00:00:06",
    "Device G" : "00:00:00:00:00:07",
    "Device H" : "00:00:00:00:00:08",
    "Device I" : "00:00:00:00:00:09",
    "Device J" : "00:00:00:00:00:10"
}

取代：在mac地址之间空出一个空格。

reg_mac = {key:value.replace(':', '') for key,value in reg_mac.items()}

从用户那里获取输入，并将Mac地址中的冒号": "替换为":"。

num = int(input('Size of elements : '))
arr = list()

for i in range(num) :
  ele  = (input())
  arr.append(ele)

new_lst = [i.replace(":","") for i in arr]
print(new_lst)

比较给定的mac地址在已知设备中是否可用。

for val in new_lst:
    if val in list(reg_mac.values()):
        print(f"the device is {list(reg_mac.keys())[list(reg_mac.values()).index(val)]}")
    else:
        print("Unknown Device")