使用LINQ更新集合中的所有对象

问题描述 投票:421回答:16

有没有办法使用LINQ执行以下操作?

foreach (var c in collection)
{
    c.PropertyToSet = value;
}

为了澄清,我想迭代集合中的每个对象,然后更新每个对象的属性。

我的用例是我在博客文章中有一堆评论,我想在博客文章中迭代每个评论,并将博客帖子上的日期时间设置为+10小时。我可以在SQL中完成它,但我想将它保留在业务层中。

c# .net linq foreach
16个回答
754
投票

虽然您可以使用ForEach扩展方法,但如果您只想使用框架,则可以使用

collection.Select(c => {c.PropertyToSet = value; return c;}).ToList();

由于懒惰评估,需要ToList以立即评估选择。


2
投票

我写了一些扩展方法来帮助我解决这个问题。

namespace System.Linq
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Class to hold extension methods to Linq.
    /// </summary>
    public static class LinqExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Changes all elements of IEnumerable by the change function
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable where you want to change stuff</param>
        /// <param name="change">The way you want to change the stuff</param>
        /// <returns>An IEnumerable with all changes applied</returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> Change<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, Func<T, T> change  )
        {
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(enumerable, "enumerable");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(change, "change");

            foreach (var item in enumerable)
            {
                yield return change(item);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Changes all elements of IEnumerable by the change function, that fullfill the where function
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable where you want to change stuff</param>
        /// <param name="change">The way you want to change the stuff</param>
        /// <param name="where">The function to check where changes should be made</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// An IEnumerable with all changes applied
        /// </returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> ChangeWhere<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, 
                                                    Func<T, T> change,
                                                    Func<T, bool> @where)
        {
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(enumerable, "enumerable");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(change, "change");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(@where, "where");

            foreach (var item in enumerable)
            {
                if (@where(item))
                {
                    yield return change(item);
                }
                else
                {
                    yield return item;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Changes all elements of IEnumerable by the change function that do not fullfill the except function
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable where you want to change stuff</param>
        /// <param name="change">The way you want to change the stuff</param>
        /// <param name="where">The function to check where changes should not be made</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// An IEnumerable with all changes applied
        /// </returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> ChangeExcept<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable,
                                                     Func<T, T> change,
                                                     Func<T, bool> @where)
        {
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(enumerable, "enumerable");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(change, "change");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(@where, "where");

            foreach (var item in enumerable)
            {
                if (!@where(item))
                {
                    yield return change(item);
                }
                else
                {
                    yield return item;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Update all elements of IEnumerable by the update function (only works with reference types)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable where you want to change stuff</param>
        /// <param name="update">The way you want to change the stuff</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The same enumerable you passed in
        /// </returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> Update<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable,
                                               Action<T> update) where T : class
        {
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(enumerable, "enumerable");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(update, "update");
            foreach (var item in enumerable)
            {
                update(item);
            }
            return enumerable;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Update all elements of IEnumerable by the update function (only works with reference types)
        /// where the where function returns true
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable where you want to change stuff</param>
        /// <param name="update">The way you want to change the stuff</param>
        /// <param name="where">The function to check where updates should be made</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The same enumerable you passed in
        /// </returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> UpdateWhere<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable,
                                               Action<T> update, Func<T, bool> where) where T : class
        {
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(enumerable, "enumerable");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(update, "update");
            foreach (var item in enumerable)
            {
                if (where(item))
                {
                    update(item);
                }
            }
            return enumerable;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Update all elements of IEnumerable by the update function (only works with reference types)
        /// Except the elements from the where function
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable where you want to change stuff</param>
        /// <param name="update">The way you want to change the stuff</param>
        /// <param name="where">The function to check where changes should not be made</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The same enumerable you passed in
        /// </returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> UpdateExcept<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable,
                                               Action<T> update, Func<T, bool> where) where T : class
        {
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(enumerable, "enumerable");
            ArgumentCheck.IsNullorWhiteSpace(update, "update");

            foreach (var item in enumerable)
            {
                if (!where(item))
                {
                    update(item);
                }
            }
            return enumerable;
        }
    }
}

我这样使用它:

        List<int> exampleList = new List<int>()
            {
                1, 2 , 3
            };

        //2 , 3 , 4
        var updated1 = exampleList.Change(x => x + 1);

        //10, 2, 3
        var updated2 = exampleList
            .ChangeWhere(   changeItem => changeItem * 10,          // change you want to make
                            conditionItem => conditionItem < 2);    // where you want to make the change

        //1, 0, 0
        var updated3 = exampleList
            .ChangeExcept(changeItem => 0,                          //Change elements to 0
                          conditionItem => conditionItem == 1);     //everywhere but where element is 1

参考参数检查:

/// <summary>
/// Class for doing argument checks
/// </summary>
public static class ArgumentCheck
{


    /// <summary>
    /// Checks if a value is string or any other object if it is string
    /// it checks for nullorwhitespace otherwhise it checks for null only
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">Type of the item you want to check</typeparam>
    /// <param name="item">The item you want to check</param>
    /// <param name="nameOfTheArgument">Name of the argument</param>
    public static void IsNullorWhiteSpace<T>(T item, string nameOfTheArgument = "")
    {

        Type type = typeof(T);
        if (type == typeof(string) ||
            type == typeof(String))
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item as string))
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(nameOfTheArgument + " is null or Whitespace");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (item == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(nameOfTheArgument + " is null");
            }
        }

    }
}

2
投票

虽然你特意要求一个linq解决方案,但这个问题很老,我发布了一个非linq解决方案。这是因为linq(= lanuguage集成查询)用于集合查询。所有linq方法都不会修改底层集合,它们只返回一个新集合(或更精确的迭代器到新集合)。无论你做什么,例如使用Select不会影响基础集合,你只需要一个新的。

当然你可以用ForEach(顺便说一句,这不是linq,但是List<T>的扩展)。但是,无论如何,这实际上使用foreach但是使用lambda表达式。除此之外,每个linq方法都在内部迭代您的集合,例如通过使用foreachfor,但它只是从客户端隐藏它。我不认为这更具可读性和可维护性(想想在调试包含lambda表达式的方法时编辑代码)。

说完之后,不要使用Linq来修改你馆藏中的物品。更好的方法是您在问题中提供的解决方案。使用经典循环,您可以轻松迭代您的收藏并更新其项目。事实上,所有那些依赖List.ForEach的解决方案都没有什么不同,但从我的角度来看却难以理解。

因此,在您想要更新集合元素的情况下,不应该使用linq。


1
投票

您可以使用LINQ将集合转换为数组,然后调用Array.ForEach():

Array.ForEach(MyCollection.ToArray(), item=>item.DoSomeStuff());

显然,这不适用于结构集合或内置类型(如整数或字符串)。


1
投票

这是我使用的扩展方法...

    /// <summary>
    /// Executes an Update statement block on all elements in an  IEnumerable of T
    /// sequence.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TSource">The source element type.</typeparam>
    /// <param name="source">The source sequence.</param>
    /// <param name="action">The action method to execute for each element.</param>
    /// <returns>The number of records affected.</returns>
    public static int Update<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource> action)
    {
        if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source");
        if (action == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("action");
        if (typeof (TSource).IsValueType)
            throw new NotSupportedException("value type elements are not supported by update.");

        var count = 0;
        foreach (var element in source)
        {
            action(element);
            count++;
        }
        return count;
    }

1
投票

您可以使用Magiq,LINQ的批处理操作框架。


0
投票

我假设您要更改查询中的值,以便为其编写函数

void DoStuff()
{
    Func<string, Foo, bool> test = (y, x) => { x.Bar = y; return true; };
    List<Foo> mylist = new List<Foo>();
    var v = from x in mylist
            where test("value", x)
            select x;
}

class Foo
{
    string Bar { get; set; }
}

但不确定这是不是你的意思。


-1
投票

假设我们有如下数据,

var items = new List<string>({"123", "456", "789"});
// Like 123 value get updated to 123ABC ..

如果我们想要修改列表并将列表的现有值替换为修改后的值,那么首先创建一个新的空列表,然后通过调用每个列表项的修改方法来遍历数据列表,

var modifiedItemsList = new List<string>();

items.ForEach(i => {
  var modifiedValue = ModifyingMethod(i);
  modifiedItemsList.Add(items.AsEnumerable().Where(w => w == i).Select(x => modifiedValue).ToList().FirstOrDefault()?.ToString()) 
});
// assign back the modified list
items = modifiedItemsList;

298
投票
collection.ToList().ForEach(c => c.PropertyToSet = value);

64
投票

我这样做

Collection.All(c => { c.needsChange = value; return true; });

22
投票

我实际上found an extension method将做我想要的很好

public static IEnumerable<T> ForEach<T>(
    this IEnumerable<T> source,
    Action<T> act)
{
    foreach (T element in source) act(element);
    return source;
}

12
投票

使用:

ListOfStuff.Where(w => w.Thing == value).ToList().ForEach(f => f.OtherThing = vauleForNewOtherThing);

我不确定这是否过度使用LINQ,但是当想要更新列表中特定条件的特定项时,它对我有用。


6
投票

没有内置的扩展方法来执行此操作。虽然定义一个是相当直接的。在帖子的底部是我定义的一个名为Iterate的方法。它可以像这样使用

collection.Iterate(c => { c.PropertyToSet = value;} );

迭代源

public static void Iterate<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, Action<T> callback)
{
    if (enumerable == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("enumerable");
    }

    IterateHelper(enumerable, (x, i) => callback(x));
}

public static void Iterate<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, Action<T,int> callback)
{
    if (enumerable == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("enumerable");
    }

    IterateHelper(enumerable, callback);
}

private static void IterateHelper<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, Action<T,int> callback)
{
    int count = 0;
    foreach (var cur in enumerable)
    {
        callback(cur, count);
        count++;
    }
}

5
投票

我已经尝试了一些变化,我会继续回到这个人的解决方案。

http://www.hookedonlinq.com/UpdateOperator.ashx

再次,这是别人的解决方案。但我已经将代码编译成一个小型库,并且经常使用它。

我将在这里粘贴他的代码,因为他的网站(博客)将来某个时候不再存在。 (没有什么比看到帖子上写着“这是你需要的确切答案”,点击和死网更糟糕了。)

    public static class UpdateExtensions {

    public delegate void Func<TArg0>(TArg0 element);

    /// <summary>
    /// Executes an Update statement block on all elements in an IEnumerable<T> sequence.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TSource">The source element type.</typeparam>
    /// <param name="source">The source sequence.</param>
    /// <param name="update">The update statement to execute for each element.</param>
    /// <returns>The numer of records affected.</returns>
    public static int Update<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource> update)
    {
        if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source");
        if (update == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("update");
        if (typeof(TSource).IsValueType)
            throw new NotSupportedException("value type elements are not supported by update.");

        int count = 0;
        foreach (TSource element in source)
        {
            update(element);
            count++;
        }
        return count;
    }
}



int count = drawingObjects
        .Where(d => d.IsSelected && d.Color == Colors.Blue)
        .Update(e => { e.Color = Color.Red; e.Selected = false; } );

3
投票

不,LINQ不支持大规模更新方式。唯一更短的方法是使用ForEach扩展方法 - Why there is no ForEach extension method on IEnumerable?


3
投票

我的2便士: -

 collection.Count(v => (v.PropertyToUpdate = newValue) == null);
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