如何在 Graphviz 中使用 DOT 语言修复家谱中的节点位置？

Question

我正在尝试使用 DOT 语言绘制家谱。我使用辅助节点来使树看起来整齐，但在某些情况下，由于未知的原因，其中一个节点被放置在根本不合逻辑的地方。在下面的示例中，节点 J 的位置应该在 I 旁边，但正如您所看到的，它位于图的最右侧。应该做什么来解决这个问题

这是我的代码：

digraph FamilyTree {
     edge [dir=none, penwidth=2];
    rankdir=TB;
    "A" [shape=BOX, ];
    "B" [shape=BOX,];
    "C" [shape=BOX, ];
    "D" [shape=BOX,];
    "E" [shape=BOX, ];
    "F" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c1" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c1" -> "F" [arrowhead=none];
    "G" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c2" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c2" -> "G" ;
    "H" [shape=BOX, ];
    "I" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c3" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c3" -> "I" ;
    "J" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c4" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c4" -> "J" ;
    "K" [shape=BOX,];
    "c5" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c5" -> "K" ;
    "L" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c6" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c6" -> "L" ;
    "M" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c7" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c7" -> "M" ;
    "Couple_5780_1" [shape=point, color=gray,  label=""];
    "Couple_5355_1" [shape=point, color=gray,  label=""];
    "Couple_8222_1" [shape=point, color=gray, label=""];
    "Couple_8222_2" [shape=point, color=gray,  label=""];
    "Couple_8222_3" [shape=point, color=gray, label=""];
    { rank=same; "A" -> "Couple_5780_1" -> "B"  }
    { rank=same; "C" -> "Couple_5355_1" -> "D" }
    { rank=same;"E"->"Couple_8222_1"->"F"->"Couple_8222_2"->"G"->"Couple_8222_3"->"H"}
    
    "c3" -> "c4" [arrowhead=none,constraint=false];
    
    { rank=same; "c3"; "c4"; }
    "c6" -> "c7" [arrowhead=none,constraint=false];
    { rank=same; "c6"; "c7"; }
    "Couple_5780_1" -> "c1" ;
    "Couple_5355_1" -> "c2";
    "Couple_8222_1" -> "c3" ;
    "Couple_8222_2" -> "c5";
    "Couple_8222_3" -> "c6" ;
}

Answer 1

Graphviz 算法很复杂，有时甚至很古怪。
无法获得 dot 来保持所需的节点序列是一个已知问题 (https://gitlab.com/graphviz/graphviz/-/issues/1569)，没有保证的解决方案，但以下是您想要的结果。
它添加组（https://www.graphviz.org/docs/attrs/group/）来（尝试）强制垂直对齐，并将“J”和“c4”添加到其中一个组以强制所需的位置.

digraph FamilyTree {


    edge [dir=none, penwidth=2];
    rankdir=TB;
    "A" [shape=BOX, ];
    "B" [shape=BOX,];
    "C" [shape=BOX, ];
    "D" [shape=BOX,];
    "E" [shape=BOX, ];
    "F" [shape=BOX, group=F1];
    "c1" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01 group=F1 ];
    "c1" -> "F" [arrowhead=none];
    "G" [shape=BOX, group=G1];
    "c2" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01 group=G1];
    "c2" -> "G" ;
    "H" [shape=BOX, ];
    "I" [shape=BOX, group=I1];
    "c3" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01 group=I1];
    "c3" -> "I" ;
    "J" [shape=BOX, group=F1];
    "c4" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01 group=F1];
    "c4" -> "J" ;
    "K" [shape=BOX,];
    "c5" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c5" -> "K" ;
    "L" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c6" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c6" -> "L" ;
    "M" [shape=BOX, ];
    "c7" [shape=point, label="",width=0.01, height=0.01];
    "c7" -> "M" ;
    "Couple_5780_1" [shape=point, color=gray,  label="" group=F1];
    "Couple_5355_1" [shape=point, color=gray,  label="" group=G1];
    "Couple_8222_1" [shape=point, color=gray, label="" group=I1];
    "Couple_8222_2" [shape=point, color=gray,  label=""];
    "Couple_8222_3" [shape=point, color=gray, label=""];
    { rank=same; "A" -> "Couple_5780_1" -> "B"  }
    { rank=same; "C" -> "Couple_5355_1" -> "D" }
    { rank=same;"E"->"Couple_8222_1"->"F"->"Couple_8222_2"->"G"->"Couple_8222_3"->"H"}

    "c3" -> "c4" [arrowhead=none, constraint=false]
    
    { rank=same; "c3"; "c4"; }
    "c6" -> "c7" [arrowhead=none,constraint=false];
    { rank=same; "c6"; "c7"; }
    "Couple_5780_1" -> "c1" ;
    "Couple_5355_1" -> "c2";
    "Couple_8222_1" -> "c3" ;
    "Couple_8222_2" -> "c5";
    "Couple_8222_3" -> "c6" ;

F->c4 [style=invis]  //  for F1 group

}

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