我正在构建一个将matplotlib图形嵌入GUI的应用程序。问题是,一旦我将matplotlib中的任何内容添加到我的代码中,我的应用就会崩溃(除了导入,这些照常工作)。在我的班级Solver_App
的tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
上出现了问题。当我运行代码时,出现大量错误,应用程序崩溃。这是我的一些代码:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import matplotlib
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
# Setting up figures for integration in GUI:
fig_3D = plt.figure()
fig_2D = plt.figure()
a_3D = fig_3D.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
a_2D = fig_2D.add_subplot(111)
a_3D.plot_wireframe([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 3, 7, 6, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], color="blue")
class Solver_App(tk.Tk, ttk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) # This is where the app crashes.
# Equation frame holds everything related to the input and configuration of the equations.
equation_frame = ttk.Frame(self)
equation_frame.pack(side="bottom", fill="x", pady=50, padx=50)
# More code goes here...
# There are more classes with a similar setup as the one above...
app = Solver_App()
app.mainloop()
这是运行代码时出现的大量错误:
2015-08-14 15:18:29.142 Python[50796:18837594] -[NSApplication _setup:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x10216a830
2015-08-14 15:18:29.143 Python[50796:18837594] An uncaught exception was raised
2015-08-14 15:18:29.143 Python[50796:18837594] -[NSApplication _setup:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x10216a830
2015-08-14 15:18:29.144 Python[50796:18837594] (
0 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff9901b03c __exceptionPreprocess + 172
1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x00007fff9436476e objc_exception_throw + 43
2 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff9901e0ad -[NSObject(NSObject) doesNotRecognizeSelector:] + 205
3 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff98f63e24 ___forwarding___ + 1028
4 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff98f63998 _CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 120
5 Tk 0x00000001024ad527 TkpInit + 476
6 Tk 0x0000000102427aca Tk_Init + 1788
7 _tkinter.so 0x00000001006e5f2d Tcl_AppInit + 77
8 _tkinter.so 0x00000001006e30d6 Tkinter_Create + 934
9 Python 0x00000001000e44ce PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 28894
10 Python 0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
11 Python 0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
12 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
13 Python 0x00000001000e0cb9 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 14537
14 Python 0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
15 Python 0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
16 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
17 Python 0x000000010002802c method_call + 140
18 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
19 Python 0x000000010007b831 slot_tp_init + 81
20 Python 0x0000000100072d14 type_call + 212
21 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
22 Python 0x00000001000e1b09 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 18201
23 Python 0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
24 Python 0x00000001000e5daf PyEval_EvalCode + 63
25 Python 0x000000010011048e PyRun_FileExFlags + 206
26 Python 0x000000010011083d PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags + 717
27 Python 0x000000010012810e Py_Main + 3262
28 Python 0x0000000100000e32 Python + 3634
29 Python 0x0000000100000c84 Python + 3204
30 ??? 0x0000000000000002 0x0 + 2
)
2015-08-14 15:18:29.144 Python[50796:18837594] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[NSApplication _setup:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x10216a830'
*** First throw call stack:
(
0 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff9901b03c __exceptionPreprocess + 172
1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x00007fff9436476e objc_exception_throw + 43
2 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff9901e0ad -[NSObject(NSObject) doesNotRecognizeSelector:] + 205
3 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff98f63e24 ___forwarding___ + 1028
4 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff98f63998 _CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 120
5 Tk 0x00000001024ad527 TkpInit + 476
6 Tk 0x0000000102427aca Tk_Init + 1788
7 _tkinter.so 0x00000001006e5f2d Tcl_AppInit + 77
8 _tkinter.so 0x00000001006e30d6 Tkinter_Create + 934
9 Python 0x00000001000e44ce PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 28894
10 Python 0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
11 Python 0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
12 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
13 Python 0x00000001000e0cb9 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 14537
14 Python 0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
15 Python 0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
16 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
17 Python 0x000000010002802c method_call + 140
18 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
19 Python 0x000000010007b831 slot_tp_init + 81
20 Python 0x0000000100072d14 type_call + 212
21 Python 0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
22 Python 0x00000001000e1b09 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 18201
23 Python 0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
24 Python 0x00000001000e5daf PyEval_EvalCode + 63
25 Python 0x000000010011048e PyRun_FileExFlags + 206
26 Python 0x000000010011083d PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags + 717
27 Python 0x000000010012810e Py_Main + 3262
28 Python 0x0000000100000e32 Python + 3634
29 Python 0x0000000100000c84 Python + 3204
30 ??? 0x0000000000000002 0x0 + 2
)
libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException
我一直在参考教程中的代码[在这里找到](http://pythonprogramming.net/how-to-embed-matplotlib-graph-tkinter-gui/“如何将Matplotlib图嵌入到Tkinter GUI中”),但是他们的示例似乎运行良好。是什么引起此问题,如何解决?
您需要显式设置TkAgg后端。我可以重现您的错误。使用以下代码,问题得以解决。
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
请注意,设置TkAgg后端after导入pyplot也不起作用;它也崩溃了。您需要在导入pyplot之前进行设置。 (使用MPL 1.4.3,tkinter.TkVersion 8.6测试)
如果您不想编辑代码,可以使用设置matplotlib
正在读取的以下环境变量:
MPLBACKEND=TkAgg
这样,无论何时导入pyplot
,它都可以工作
DonCristobal的回答对我有所帮助,因此我尝试对其进行投票或添加评论,但stackoverflow阻止我进行任何此类举动,因为我在发表评论或投票之前必须达到某些要点。 DonCristobal建议的解决方案适用于下面给出的我的配置:
Mac catalina,python 3.6和matplotlib 3.0.3
这是我所做的-
修改
将matplotlib.pyplot导入为plt
to
导入matplotlib
matplotlib.use(“ TkAgg”)
从matplotlib导入pyplot作为plt