问题
我正在尝试使用Django ORM等效于SQL NOT IN
子句,在subselect中提供ID列表以从日志记录表中取回一组记录。我不知道这是否可行。
模型
class JobLog(models.Model):
job_number = models.BigIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
name = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
username = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)
我尝试过的事情
我的第一次尝试是使用exclude
,但这确实使NOT
否定了整个Subquery
,而不是所需的NOT IN
:
query = (
JobLog.objects.values(
"username", "job_number", "name", "time",
)
.filter(time__gte=start, time__lte=end, event="delivered")
.exclude(
job_number__in=models.Subquery(
JobLog.objects.values_list("job_number", flat=True).filter(
time__gte=start, time__lte=end, event="finished",
)
)
)
)
不幸的是,这产生了这个SQL:
SELECT "view_job_log"."username", "view_job_log"."group", "view_job_log"."job_number", "view_job_log"."name", "view_job_log"."time"
FROM "view_job_log"
WHERE (
"view_job_log"."event" = 'delivered'
AND "view_job_log"."time" >= '2020-03-12T11:22:28.300590+00:00'::timestamptz
AND "view_job_log"."time" <= '2020-03-13T11:22:28.300600+00:00'::timestamptz
AND NOT (
"view_job_log"."job_number" IN (
SELECT U0."job_number"
FROM "view_job_log" U0
WHERE (
U0."event" = 'finished' AND U0."time" >= '2020-03-12T11:22:28.300590+00:00'::timestamptz
AND U0."time" <= '2020-03-13T11:22:28.300600+00:00'::timestamptz
)
)
AND "view_job_log"."job_number" IS NOT NULL
)
)
我需要第三个AND
子句是AND "view_job_log"."job_number" NOT IN
而不是AND NOT (
。
我也尝试过先进行子选择,因为它是自己的查询,使用exclude
,如下所示:
Django equivalent of SQL not in
但是,这会产生相同的问题结果。然后,我尝试了一个Q
对象,它产生了一个类似的查询:
query = (
JobLog.objects.values(
"username", "subscriber_code", "job_number", "name", "time",
)
.filter(
~models.Q(job_number__in=models.Subquery(
JobLog.objects.values_list("job_number", flat=True).filter(
time__gte=start, time__lte=end, event="finished",
)
)),
time__gte=start,
time__lte=end,
event="delivered",
)
)
[Q
对象的此尝试再次产生以下SQL,但没有NOT IN
:
SELECT "view_job_log"."username", "view_job_log"."group", "view_job_log"."job_number", "view_job_log"."name", "view_job_log"."time"
FROM "view_job_log" WHERE (
NOT (
"view_job_log"."job_number" IN (
SELECT U0."job_number"
FROM "view_job_log" U0
WHERE (
U0."event" = 'finished'
AND U0."time" >= '2020-03-12T11:33:28.098653+00:00'::timestamptz
AND U0."time" <= '2020-03-13T11:33:28.098678+00:00'::timestamptz
)
)
AND "view_job_log"."job_number" IS NOT NULL
)
AND "view_job_log"."event" = 'delivered'
AND "view_job_log"."time" >= '2020-03-12T11:33:28.098653+00:00'::timestamptz
AND "view_job_log"."time" <= '2020-03-13T11:33:28.098678+00:00'::timestamptz
)
是否有任何方法可以使Django的ORM执行等同于AND job_number NOT IN (12345, 12346, 12347)
的操作?还是我必须使用原始SQL才能完成此任务?
谢谢您阅读本文全文。显式胜于隐式。 :)
您可以试试吗:
JobLog.objects.filter(time__gte=start, time__lte=end, event="delivered").exclude(time__gte=start, event='finished').exclude(time__lte=end, event='finished')