我似乎找不到解决方案。我需要
sudo apt-get install <package>sudo apt-get -f -qq install -y这是日志：
ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$ sudo apt-get -f -qq install -y
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 104324 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../dh-python_2.20151103ubuntu1.2_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/dh-python.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/dh-python.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/dh-python_2.20151103ubuntu1.2_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
/var/lib/dpkg/info/dh-python.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/dh-python.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-distupgrade_1%3a16.04.32_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-distupgrade.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-distupgrade.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-distupgrade_1%3a16.04.32_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-distupgrade.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-distupgrade.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-update-manager_1%3a16.04.17_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-update-manager_1%3a16.04.17_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-problem-report_2.20.1-0ubuntu2.30_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-problem-report.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-problem-report.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-problem-report_2.20.1-0ubuntu2.30_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-problem-report.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-problem-report.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-apport_2.20.1-0ubuntu2.30_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-apport.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-apport.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-apport_2.20.1-0ubuntu2.30_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-apport.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-apport.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-cryptography_1.2.3-1ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-cryptography.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-cryptography.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-cryptography_1.2.3-1ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-cryptography.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-cryptography.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-urllib3_1.13.1-2ubuntu0.16.04.4_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-urllib3.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-urllib3.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-urllib3_1.13.1-2ubuntu0.16.04.4_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-urllib3.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-urllib3.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../software-properties-common_0.96.20.10_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/software-properties-common.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/software-properties-common.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/software-properties-common_0.96.20.10_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/software-properties-common.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/software-properties-common.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-software-properties_0.96.20.10_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-software-properties.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-software-properties.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-software-properties_0.96.20.10_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-software-properties.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-software-properties.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../sosreport_3.9.1-1ubuntu0.16.04.2_amd64.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/sosreport.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/sosreport.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/sosreport_3.9.1-1ubuntu0.16.04.2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/sosreport.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/sosreport.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../cloud-init_21.1-19-gbad84ad4-0ubuntu1~16.04.2_all.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/cloud-init.prerm: 14: /var/lib/dpkg/info/cloud-init.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 14: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cloud-init_21.1-19-gbad84ad4-0ubuntu1~16.04.2_all.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
/var/lib/dpkg/info/cloud-init.postinst: 329: /var/lib/dpkg/info/cloud-init.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/dh-python_2.20151103ubuntu1.2_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-distupgrade_1%3a16.04.32_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-update-manager_1%3a16.04.17_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-problem-report_2.20.1-0ubuntu2.30_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-apport_2.20.1-0ubuntu2.30_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-cryptography_1.2.3-1ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-urllib3_1.13.1-2ubuntu0.16.04.4_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/software-properties-common_0.96.20.10_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/python3-software-properties_0.96.20.10_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/sosreport_3.9.1-1ubuntu0.16.04.2_amd64.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/cloud-init_21.1-19-gbad84ad4-0ubuntu1~16.04.2_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$
从日志中，我发现 python3 尚未安装。然而，运行
sudo apt-get install python3ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$ sudo apt-get install python3
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
python3 is already the newest version (3.5.1-3).
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core : Depends: python3-distupgrade (= 1:16.04.32) but 1:16.04.25 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$
但是，检查 /usr/bin/ 后，我没有安装 python3 二进制文件。
ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$ ls -aslt /usr/bin | grep -i python
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Mar 1 2021 pdb2.7 -> ../lib/python2.7/pdb.py
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Mar 1 2021 python2.7-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python2.7-config
3412 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3492624 Mar 1 2021 python2.7
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2909 Mar 1 2021 x86_64-linux-gnu-python2.7-config
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Jan 26 2021 pdb3.5 -> ../lib/python3.5/pdb.py
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 24 2017 python -> python2.7
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 24 2017 python2 -> python2.7
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Nov 24 2017 python2-config -> python2.7-config
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Nov 24 2017 python-config -> python2.7-config
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Nov 24 2017 pyversions -> ../share/python/pyversions.py
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Nov 24 2017 x86_64-linux-gnu-python-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python2.7-config
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1056 Nov 24 2017 dh_python2
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 May 18 2016 dh_pypy -> ../share/dh-python/dh_pypy
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 May 18 2016 dh_python3 -> ../share/dh-python/dh_python3
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 May 18 2016 pybuild -> ../share/dh-python/pybuild
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Mar 23 2016 py3versions -> ../share/python3/py3versions.py
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 976 Nov 27 2015 python3-jsondiff
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3662 Nov 27 2015 python3-jsonpatch
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 974 Nov 27 2015 python2-jsondiff
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3660 Nov 27 2015 python2-jsonpatch
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1342 Oct 24 2015 python3-jsonpointer
4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1340 Oct 24 2015 python2-jsonpointer
ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$
我尝试按照指示执行操作并运行
sudo apt-get install --reinstall python3ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall python3
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core : Depends: python3-distupgrade (= 1:16.04.32) but 1:16.04.25 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
ubuntu@ip-10-8-0-145:~$
现在，我尝试遵循许多声称在没有
sudo apt-get可能是因为它已安装但不在路径上，所以 Ubuntu 找不到它。如果它说它已安装，请尝试使用which命令来查找它。
which python3
然后检查它是否在您的路径上
echo $PATH
如果没有将其添加到路径中使用
export PATH=/home/dave/work:$PATH
/home/dave/work 将是你的 Python 路径
编辑：它可能就像按照建议运行
sudo apt-get -f install我在 EC2 虚拟机中升级 Ubuntu 16 时遇到了类似的问题，因为软件包
sosreport$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
...
Setting up sosreport (4.4-1ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/gcp.py", line 99
f"Failed to communicate with Metadata Server "
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
dpkg: error processing package sosreport (--configure):
installed sosreport package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
sosreport
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
看来软件包在安装后失败是因为
py3compile$ cat /var/lib/dpkg/info/sosreport.postinst
#!/bin/sh
set -e
# Automatically added by dh_python3:
if which py3compile >/dev/null 2>&1; then
py3compile -p sosreport
fi
我们可以看到
py3compile$ py3compile -p sosreport
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/gcp.py", line 99
f"Failed to communicate with Metadata Server "
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
让我们看看哪个包包含它：
$ cd /var/lib/dpkg/info && grep py3compile *list
dh-python.list:/usr/share/debhelper/autoscripts/postinst-py3compile
python3-minimal.list:/usr/share/man/man1/py3compile.1.gz
python3-minimal.list:/usr/bin/py3compile
所以只需升级 python 包即可：
$ sudo apt install python3-minimal
然后编译没有错误：
$ py3compile -p sosreport
这样您就可以继续升级系统了：
sudo apt upgrade