Gitlab CI Symfony：SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] 连接被拒绝

Question

每次有人推送代码时，我都会使用 gitlab 来运行单元测试。我在安装 Composer 时遇到此错误。

> Incenteev\ParameterHandler\ScriptHandler::buildParameters
Creating the "app/config/parameters.yml" file
> Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle\Composer\ScriptHandler::buildBootstrap
> Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle\Composer\ScriptHandler::clearCache


  [Doctrine\DBAL\Exception\ConnectionException]                              
  An exception occured in driver: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused  



  [Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOException]        
  SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused  



  [PDOException]                             
  SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused  


Script Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle\Composer\ScriptHandler::clearCache handling the post-install-cmd event terminated with an exception

这是我的配置：

.gitlab-ci.yml 文件

    # Select image from https://hub.docker.com/_/php/
    image: php:5.6

    # Select what we should cache
    cache:
      paths:
      - vendor/

    before_script:
    # Install ssh-agent if not already installed, it is required by Docker.
    # (change apt-get to yum if you use a CentOS-based image)
    - 'which ssh-agent || ( apt-get update -y && apt-get install openssh-client -y )'

    #

 Run ssh-agent (inside the build environment)
- eval $(ssh-agent -s)

# Add the SSH key stored in SSH_PRIVATE_KEY variable to the agent store
- ssh-add <(echo "$SSH_PRIVATE_KEY")

# For Docker builds disable host key checking. Be aware that by adding that
# you are suspectible to man-in-the-middle attacks.
# WARNING: Use this only with the Docker executor, if you use it with shell
# you will overwrite your user's SSH config.
- mkdir -p ~/.ssh
- '[[ -f /.dockerenv ]] && echo -e "Host *\n\tStrictHostKeyChecking no\n\n" > ~/.ssh/config'

- cp ci/custom.ini /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/custom.ini
- bash ci/docker_install.sh > /dev/null

# Install composer
- curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

services:
- mysql:latest

variables:
  # Configure mysql service (https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/)
  MYSQL_DATABASE: symfony
  MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root

# We test PHP5.6 (the default) with MySQL
test:mysql:
  script:
  # Install all project dependencies
  - php composer.phar install
  - phpunit --coverage-text --colors=never -c app/

参数.yml.dist

parameters:
    database_host:     127.0.0.1
    database_port:     ~
    database_name:     symfony
    database_user:     root
    database_password: root

    mailer_transport:  smtp
    mailer_host:       127.0.0.1
    mailer_user:       ~
    mailer_password:   ~

    # A secret key that's used to generate certain security-related tokens
    secret:            ThisTokenIsNotSoSecretChangeIt

    database_slave1_host: 127.0.0.1
    database_slave1_port: ~
    database_slave1_name: symfony
    database_slave1_user: root
    database_slave1_password: root

我已阅读并遵循 gitlab 网站的说明。也许我的错误很明显，但我看不到。

Answer 1

当您使用在另一个容器中运行的 MySQL 时，您必须使用其主机名，而不是 127.0.0.1。 正确的数据库主机应该是“mysql”。 GitLab 文档的其中一个章节对此进行了介绍：

MySQL 的服务容器可以在主机名 mysql 下访问。因此，为了访问数据库服务，您必须连接到名为 mysql 的主机，而不是套接字或本地主机。

Answer 2

出现此错误的可能原因之一是您尝试在数据库仍在初始化时访问该数据库。 Docker HUB 上的 MySQL caveats 部分对此进行了介绍。

如果容器启动时没有初始化数据库，则会创建默认数据库。虽然这是预期的行为，但这意味着在初始化完成之前它不会接受传入连接。使用自动化工具时这可能会导致问题...

一个粗略的解决方案是在启动任何访问数据库的进程之前使用

sleep

命令。您可以将其添加到

before_script

部分：

before_script:
  - sleep 30s

一个更好的解决方案是探测MySQL服务器，反复检查它是否已经接受连接。