硒无法找到元素（id）

Question

因此，我正在尝试进行一种自动登录我的帐户的操作。这是我的代码rn：

    import selenium.webdriver as webdriver

def get_all_results(Username, password):
    url = "https://portail.sainteanne.ca/pluriportail/fr/MainExterne.srf?P=LoginReq"
    browser = webdriver.Chrome()
    browser.get(url)

    Username_sbox = browser.find_element_by_id("NomLogin")
    Username_sbox.send_keys(Username)
    Username_sbox.submit()

    Pass_sbox = browser.find_element_by_id("MotPasse")
    Pass_sbox.send_keys(password)
    Pass_sbox.submit()

    browser.close()

get_all_results("random_username123232", "random_password1234") 

这是我得到的结果：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\CSA\OneDrive - College Sainte-Anne\Programming\PYTHON\Learning\WS\tempCodeRunnerFile.py", line 18, in <module>
    get_all_results("random_username123232", "random_password1234") 
  File "c:\Users\CSA\OneDrive - College Sainte-Anne\Programming\PYTHON\Learning\WS\tempCodeRunnerFile.py", line 8, in get_all_results
    Username_sbox = browser.find_element_by_id("NomLogin")
  File "C:\Users\CSA\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 360, in find_element_by_id
    return self.find_element(by=By.ID, value=id_)
  File "C:\Users\CSA\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 976, in find_element
    return self.execute(Command.FIND_ELEMENT, {
  File "C:\Users\CSA\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\Users\CSA\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: **Message: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":"[id="NomLogin"]"}
  (Session info: chrome=79.0.3945.130)**

我刚刚开始使用浏览器实现自动化，我感到困惑。请帮助。谢谢 ：）。

Answer 1

您将需要在代码中放置等待以帮助查找元素。有时，在页面完成加载元素之前会先查找元素，这将导致“找不到元素”错误。将此添加到您的代码中：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

Username_sbox = WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "NomLogin"))

Pass_sbox = WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "MotPasse"))

这将使浏览器有时间加载，然后抛出找不到元素的错误。

有关等待的更多信息，请参见：https://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/waits.html

Answer 2

我终于找到了让selenium运行任何功能之前让浏览器加载的方法：

 import selenium.webdriver as webdriver

 url = "url.of.the.website.com"
 browser = webdriver.Chrome()
 browser.get(url)

 browser.implicitly_wait(10)  # <--- THIS IS THE FUNCTION I WAS LOOKING FOR

 #...Enter username.... blablabla and DONE!