运行代码时出现以下错误：“调试断言失败！_CrtIsValidHeapPointer(block)”

Question

我对每次执行复制构造函数和

operator=

时反复出现的“调试断言失败！_CrtIsValidHeapPointer(block)”错误感到困惑。尽管尝试了 std::vector 方法并付出了相当大的努力，我探索了与内存管理、验证指针等相关的各种建议，但这些方法似乎都没有解决这个问题。

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Aliment {
private:
    char* nume;
    float pret;
    int nr_luni;
    vector<float> istoric_preturi;

public:
    Aliment() {
        this->nume = new char[strlen("DEFAULT")+1];
        memcpy(this->nume, "DEFAULT", strlen("DEFAULT")+1);
        this->pret = 0.0f;
        this->nr_luni = 0;
    }

    Aliment(const char* nume) {
        this->nume = new char[strlen(nume)+1];
        memcpy(this->nume, nume, strlen(nume)+1);
        this->pret = 5.67f;
        this->nr_luni = 3;
        this->istoric_preturi.push_back(5.69f);
        this->istoric_preturi.push_back(6.0f);
        this->istoric_preturi.push_back(5.87f);
    }

    ~Aliment() {
        //delete[] this->istoric_preturi;
        delete[] this->nume;
        cout << endl << "S-a apelat!";
    }
    void afisareAliment() {
        cout << endl << "Alimentul " << this->nume << " are pretul actual de " << this->pret << " lei.";
        cout << endl << "Istoricul preturilor in ultimele " << this->nr_luni << " luni este: ";
        if (this->nr_luni != 0) {
            for (int i = 0; i < this->nr_luni; i++)
                cout << this->istoric_preturi[i] << " ";
        }
    }
};

enum Tip{LAPTE,BRANZA,CASCAVAL,SMANTANA};

class ProdusLactat : public Aliment {
private:
    const int id;
    char* brand;
    int nrZile;
    int* bucatiVandute=nullptr;
    Tip tip;
    bool expiraInCurand;
    float volum;
    int nrBucatiStoc;

public:
    ProdusLactat():Aliment(),id(0) {
        this->brand = new char[strlen("DEFAULT") + 1];
        memcpy(this->brand, "DEFAULT", strlen("DEFAULT")+1);
        this->nrZile = 0;
        this->tip = LAPTE;
        this->expiraInCurand = 0;
        this->volum = 0.0f;
        this->nrBucatiStoc = 0;
    }

    ProdusLactat(const char* nume, int id, const char* brand, Tip tip) :Aliment(nume), id(id) {
        this->brand = new char[strlen(brand) + 1];
        memcpy(this->brand, brand, strlen(brand) + 1);
        this->nrZile = 3;
        this->bucatiVandute = new int[this->nrZile] {6, 6, 7};
        this->tip = tip;
        this->expiraInCurand = 1;
        this->volum = 1.5f;
        this->nrBucatiStoc = 10;
    }

    ProdusLactat(const char* nume, int id, const char* brand,int zile,int* vandute,Tip tip, bool expira, float volum, int stoc) :Aliment(nume),id(id) {
        this->brand = new char[strlen(brand) + 1];
        memcpy(this->brand, brand, strlen(brand) + 1);
        this->nrZile = zile;
        this->bucatiVandute = new int[this->nrZile];
        for (int i = 0; i < this->nrZile; i++)
            this->bucatiVandute[i] = vandute[i];
        this->tip = tip;
        this->expiraInCurand = expira;
        this->volum = volum;
        this->nrBucatiStoc = stoc;
    }

    ~ProdusLactat() {
        delete[] this->brand;
    }

    ProdusLactat(const ProdusLactat& pl): Aliment(pl),id(pl.id){
        if (pl.brand) {
            this->brand = new char[strlen(pl.brand) + 1];
            memcpy(this->brand, pl.brand, strlen(pl.brand) + 1);
        }
        else this->brand = nullptr;
        this->nrZile = pl.nrZile;
        this->bucatiVandute = new int[this->nrZile];
        if (pl.bucatiVandute && pl.nrZile) {
            for (int i = 0; i < this->nrZile; i++)
                this->bucatiVandute[i] = pl.bucatiVandute[i];
        }
        else this->bucatiVandute = nullptr;
        this->tip = pl.tip;
        this->expiraInCurand = pl.expiraInCurand;
        this->volum = pl.volum;
        this->nrBucatiStoc = pl.nrBucatiStoc;
    }

    ProdusLactat& operator=(const ProdusLactat& produs) {
        if (this != &produs) {
            Aliment::operator=(produs);

            delete[] this->brand;
            delete[] this->bucatiVandute;

            if (produs.brand) {
                this->brand = new char[strlen(produs.brand) + 1];
                memcpy(this->brand, produs.brand, strlen(produs.brand) + 1);
            }
            else this->brand = nullptr;
            this->nrZile = produs.nrZile;
            this->bucatiVandute = new int[this->nrZile];
            if (produs.bucatiVandute && produs.nrZile) {
                for (int i = 0; i < this->nrZile; i++)
                    this->bucatiVandute[i] = produs.bucatiVandute[i];
            }
            else this->bucatiVandute = nullptr;
            this->tip = produs.tip;
            this->expiraInCurand = produs.expiraInCurand;
            this->volum = produs.volum;
            this->nrBucatiStoc = produs.nrBucatiStoc;
        }
        return *this;
    }

    int operator[](int poz) {
        if (poz >= 0 && poz < this->nrZile)
            return this->bucatiVandute[poz];
        else throw out_of_range("Pozitie in afara intervalului!");
    }

    bool operator>(const ProdusLactat& pl) {
        int suma1 = 0, suma2 = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < this->nrZile; i++)
            suma1 += this->bucatiVandute[i];
        for (int i = 0; i < pl.nrZile; i++)
            suma2 += pl.bucatiVandute[i];
        return suma1 > suma2;
    }

    char* getBrand() {
        char* brandDeReturnat = new char[strlen(this->brand) + 1];
        memcpy(brandDeReturnat, this->brand, strlen(this->brand) + 1);
        return brandDeReturnat;
    }

    void setBrand(const char* brandNou) {
        if (brandNou != nullptr) {
            if (this->brand != nullptr)
                delete[] this->brand;
            this->brand = new char[strlen(brandNou) + 1];
            memcpy(this->brand, brandNou, strlen(brandNou) + 1);
        }
    }

    void afisareProdusLactat() {
        cout << "\nProdusul lactat are id ul: " << this->id;
        //Aliment::afisareAliment();
        this->afisareAliment();
        cout << "\nBrand: " << this->brand;
        cout << "\nIstoricul de vanzari in ultimele " << this->nrZile << " zile este: ";
        if (this->nrZile) {
            for (int i = 0; i < this->nrZile; i++)
                cout << this->bucatiVandute[i] << " ";
        }
        cout << "\nTipul produsului: ";
        switch (this->tip) {
        case 0:
            cout << "LAPTE";
            break;
        case 1:
            cout << "BRANZA";
            break;
        case 2:
            cout << "CASCAVAL";
            break;
        case 3:
            cout << "SMANTANA";
            break;
        }
        cout << "\nExpira in curand? ";
        if (this->expiraInCurand == 0)
            cout << "NU";
        else cout << "DA";
        cout << "\nAre volumul: " << this->volum;
        cout << "\nExista " << this->nrBucatiStoc << " bucati ramase pe stoc. ";
        cout << "\n";
    }
};

int main() {
    ProdusLactat produs;
    produs.afisareProdusLactat();

    ProdusLactat produs2("Branza cremoasa", 1, "Hochland", BRANZA);
    produs2.afisareProdusLactat();

    ProdusLactat produs3("Smantana lichida", 2, "Boni", 3, new int[3] {8, 7, 20}, SMANTANA, 0, 0.7f, 345);
    produs3.afisareProdusLactat();
    cout << "\nIn ziua 1 s-au vandut "<<produs3[0]<<" bucati din produs3";

    if (produs2 > produs3)
        cout << "\nProdusul 2 se vinde mai bine decat produsul 3.";
    else if (produs3 > produs2)
        cout << "\nProdusul 3 se vinde mai bine decat produsul 2.";
    else cout << "\nAmbele produse se vand la fel de bine.";

    cout << "\nBrand pt produs 3: " << produs3.getBrand();

    produs3.setBrand("Pilos");
    cout << "\nBrand pt produs 3: " << produs3.getBrand()<<"\n";

    /*ProdusLactat produs4(produs3);
    produs4.afisareProdusLactat();*/

    ProdusLactat produs5;
    produs5 = produs3;
    produs5.afisareProdusLactat();

}

Answer 1

您好，我也想知道答案，因为我面临着类似的问题，亲爱的安德鲁·斯科特。