慢的应用程序，频繁的JVM因单CPU设置和Java 12+而挂起

问题描述 投票：6回答：1

我们有一个客户应用程序（经过10多年的发展）。其JDK最近从OpenJDK 11升级到OpenJDK 14。在单CPU Windows 10设置（以及在只有一个可用CPU的VirtualBox机器内）中，与Java 11相比，该应用程序启动速度非常慢。此外，大多数情况下，它使用100％CPU。

启动应用程序并以最少的手动交互进行查询的一些度量：

  • OpenJDK 11.0.2：36秒
  • OpenJDK 13.0.2：〜1.5分钟
  • 带有-XX:-UseBiasedLocking的OpenJDK 13.0.2：46秒
  • 带有-XX:-ThreadLocalHandshakes的OpenJDK 13.0.2：40秒
  • OpenJDK 14：5-6分钟
  • 带有-XX:-UseBiasedLocking的OpenJDK 14：3至3,5分钟

仅已使用的JDK（和提到的选项）已更改。 （-XX:-ThreadLocalHandshakes在Java 14中不可用。）

我们已经尝试记录JDK 14对-Xlog:all=debug:file=app.txt:uptime,tid,level,tags:filecount=50的操作。

[使用OpenJDK 11.0.2每秒计数日志行似乎很平稳：

$ cat jdk11-log/app* | grep "^\[" | cut -d. -f 1 | cut -d[ -f 2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -k 2 -n
  30710 0
  44012 1
  55461 2
  55974 3
  27182 4
  41292 5
  43796 6
  51889 7
  54170 8
  58850 9
  51422 10
  44378 11
  41405 12
  53589 13
  41696 14
  29526 15
   2350 16
  50228 17
  62623 18
  42684 19
  45045 20

另一方面，OpenJDK 14似乎有有趣的安静时期：

$ cat jdk14-log/app* | grep "^\[" | cut -d. -f 1 | cut -d[ -f 2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -k 2 -n
   7726 0
   1715 5
  10744 6
   4341 11
  42792 12
  45979 13
  38783 14
  17253 21
  34747 22
   1025 28
   2079 33
   2398 39
   3016 44

那么，在1-4、7-10和14-20秒之间发生了什么？

...
[0.350s][7248][debug][class,resolve        ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerFactory$1 java.lang.Thread CleanerFactory.java:45
[0.350s][7248][debug][class,resolve        ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl java.lang.Thread CleanerImpl.java:117
[0.350s][7248][info ][biasedlocking        ] Aligned thread 0x000000001727e010 to 0x000000001727e800
[0.350s][7248][info ][os,thread            ] Thread started (tid: 2944, attributes: stacksize: default, flags: CREATE_SUSPENDED STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS)
[0.350s][6884][info ][os,thread            ] Thread is alive (tid: 6884).
[0.350s][6884][debug][os,thread            ] Thread 6884 stack dimensions: 0x00000000175b0000-0x00000000176b0000 (1024k).
[0.350s][6884][debug][os,thread            ] Thread 6884 stack guard pages activated: 0x00000000175b0000-0x00000000175b4000.
[0.350s][7248][debug][thread,smr           ] tid=7248: Threads::add: new ThreadsList=0x0000000017254500
[0.350s][7248][debug][thread,smr           ] tid=7248: ThreadsSMRSupport::free_list: threads=0x0000000017253d50 is freed.
[0.350s][2944][info ][os,thread            ] Thread is alive (tid: 2944).
[0.350s][2944][debug][os,thread            ] Thread 2944 stack dimensions: 0x00000000177b0000-0x00000000178b0000 (1024k).
[0.350s][2944][debug][os,thread            ] Thread 2944 stack guard pages activated: 0x00000000177b0000-0x00000000177b4000.
[0.351s][2944][debug][class,resolve        ] java.lang.Thread java.lang.Runnable Thread.java:832
[0.351s][2944][debug][class,resolve        ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl jdk.internal.misc.InnocuousThread CleanerImpl.java:135
[0.351s][2944][debug][class,resolve        ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl jdk.internal.ref.PhantomCleanable CleanerImpl.java:138
[0.351s][2944][info ][biasedlocking,handshake] JavaThread 0x000000001727e800 handshaking JavaThread 0x000000000286d800 to revoke object 0x00000000c0087f78
[0.351s][2944][debug][vmthread               ] Adding VM operation: HandshakeOneThread
[0.351s][6708][debug][vmthread               ] Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: HandshakeOneThread
[0.351s][6708][debug][vmoperation            ] begin VM_Operation (0x00000000178af250): HandshakeOneThread, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000001727e800

# no log until 5.723s

[5.723s][7248][info ][biasedlocking          ]   Revoked bias of currently-unlocked object
[5.723s][7248][debug][handshake,task         ] Operation: RevokeOneBias for thread 0x000000000286d800, is_vm_thread: false, completed in 94800 ns
[5.723s][7248][debug][class,resolve          ] java.util.zip.ZipFile$CleanableResource java.lang.ref.Cleaner ZipFile.java:715
[5.723s][7248][debug][class,resolve          ] java.lang.ref.Cleaner jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl$PhantomCleanableRef Cleaner.java:220
[5.723s][7248][debug][class,resolve          ] java.util.zip.ZipFile$CleanableResource java.util.WeakHashMap ZipFile.java:716
...

稍稍第二次暂停：

...
[6.246s][7248][info ][class,load              ] java.awt.Graphics source: jrt:/java.desktop
[6.246s][7248][debug][class,load              ]  klass: 0x0000000100081a00 super: 0x0000000100001080 loader: [loader data: 0x0000000002882bd0 of 'bootstrap'] bytes: 5625 checksum: 0025818f
[6.246s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] java.awt.Graphics java.lang.Object (super)
[6.246s][7248][info ][class,loader,constraints] updating constraint for name java/awt/Graphics, loader 'bootstrap', by setting class object
[6.246s][7248][debug][jit,compilation         ]   19       4       java.lang.Object::<init> (1 bytes)   made not entrant
[6.246s][7248][debug][vmthread                ] Adding VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[6.246s][6708][debug][vmthread                ] Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[6.246s][6708][debug][vmoperation             ] begin VM_Operation (0x000000000203ddf8): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026b0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 1400 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026bb800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 700 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026ef800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f1800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f4800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000002768800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000276e000, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000017268800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000001727e800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 800 ns

# no log until 11.783s

[11.783s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000286d800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 6300 ns
[11.783s][6708][info ][handshake               ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 5536442500 ns
[11.783s][6708][debug][vmoperation             ] end VM_Operation (0x000000000203ddf8): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[11.783s][7248][debug][protectiondomain        ] Checking package access
[11.783s][7248][debug][protectiondomain        ] class loader: a 'jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader'{0x00000000c0058628} protection domain: a 'java/security/ProtectionDomain'{0x00000000c058b948} loading: 'java/awt/Graphics'
[11.783s][7248][debug][protectiondomain        ] granted
[11.783s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] sun.launcher.LauncherHelper java.awt.Graphics LauncherHelper.java:816 (reflection)
[11.783s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection [Ljava.lang.reflect.Method; Reflection.java:300
[11.783s][7248][debug][class,preorder          ] java.lang.PublicMethods$MethodList source: C:\Users\example\AppData\Local\example\stable\jdk\lib\modules
...

然后是第三个：

...
[14.578s][7248][debug][class,preorder          ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal source: C:\Users\example\AppData\Local\example\stable\jdk\lib\modules
[14.578s][7248][info ][class,load              ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal source: jrt:/java.base
[14.578s][7248][debug][class,load              ]  klass: 0x0000000100124740 super: 0x0000000100021a18 loader: [loader data: 0x0000000002882bd0 of 'bootstrap'] bytes: 1338 checksum: 8013ed55
[14.578s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal java.lang.ThreadLocal (super)
[14.578s][7248][debug][jit,compilation         ]  699       3       java.lang.ThreadLocal::get (38 bytes)   made not entrant
[14.578s][7248][debug][vmthread                ] Adding VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[14.578s][6708][debug][vmthread                ] Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[14.578s][6708][debug][vmoperation             ] begin VM_Operation (0x000000000203d228): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026b0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 1600 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026bb800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 900 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026ef800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f1800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f4800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000002768800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000276e000, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000017268800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.579s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000001727e800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 900 ns

# no log until 21.455s

[21.455s][6708][debug][handshake,task          ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000286d800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 12100 ns
[21.455s][6708][info ][handshake               ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 6876829000 ns
[21.455s][6708][debug][vmoperation             ] end VM_Operation (0x000000000203d228): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[21.455s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] sun.security.jca.Providers java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal Providers.java:39
[21.455s][7248][info ][class,init              ] 1251 Initializing 'java/lang/InheritableThreadLocal'(no method) (0x0000000100124740)
[21.455s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal java.lang.ThreadLocal InheritableThreadLocal.java:57
[21.456s][7248][debug][class,preorder          ] sun.security.jca.ProviderList source: C:\Users\example\AppData\Local\example\stable\jdk\lib\modules
[21.456s][7248][info ][class,load              ] sun.security.jca.ProviderList source: jrt:/java.base
[21.456s][7248][debug][class,load              ]  klass: 0x00000001001249a8 super: 0x0000000100001080 loader: [loader data: 0x0000000002882bd0 of 'bootstrap'] bytes: 11522 checksum: bdc239d2
[21.456s][7248][debug][class,resolve           ] sun.security.jca.ProviderList java.lang.Object (super)
...

以下两行似乎很有趣：

[11.783s][6708][info ][handshake               ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 5536442500 ns
[21.455s][6708][info ][handshake               ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 6876829000 ns

这些握手耗时5.5秒和6.8秒是否正常？

我在使用此命令运行update4j demo app时遇到了相同的速度下降（和类似的日志：）>

Z:\swing>\jdk-14\bin\java -Xlog:all=debug:file=app.txt:uptime,tid,level,tags:filecount=50 \
    -jar update4j-1.4.5.jar --remote http://docs.update4j.org/demo/setup.xml

我应该寻找什么以使我们的应用在单CPU Windows 10设置上再次更快？我可以通过更改应用程序中的内容或添加JVM参数来解决此问题吗？

是JDK错误，我应该报告它吗？

更新2020-04-25：

据我所知，日志文件还包含GC日志。这些是第一个GC日志：

$ cat app.txt.00 | grep "\[gc"
[0.016s][7248][debug][gc,heap          ] Minimum heap 8388608  Initial heap 60817408  Maximum heap 1073741824
[0.017s][7248][info ][gc,heap,coops    ] Heap address: 0x00000000c0000000, size: 1024 MB, Compressed Oops mode: 32-bit
[0.018s][7248][info ][gc               ] Using Serial
[22.863s][6708][info ][gc,start                ] GC(0) Pause Young (Allocation Failure)
[22.863s][6708][debug][gc,heap                 ] GC(0) Heap before GC invocations=0 (full 0): def new generation   total 17856K, used 15936K [0x00000000c0000000, 0x00000000c1350000, 0x00000000d5550000)
...

不幸的是，它似乎没有相关性，因为它是在第三个暂停之后开始的。

我们有一个客户应用程序（经过10多年的发展）。其JDK最近从OpenJDK 11升级到OpenJDK 14。在单CPU Windows 10设置上（以及在VirtualBox计算机中，只有一个...

java hang java-14
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根据我的经验，JDK的性能问题主要与以下问题之一有关：

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