无法在Python的类中获取详细信息

Question

我正在尝试使用python和selenium代码抓取以下网站。但是，当我尝试在“ col-md-12 messageContentColumn”类中打印文本时，似乎什么也没发生，也没有打印，并且我也没有收到错误。

driver.get("https://www.gpug.com/resources/forum")
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="MainCopy_ctl02_MessageThreadSummary_hyperlinksubject_1"]').click()

posts = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("col-md-12 messageContentColumn")
print("test")      ---gets printed
for post in posts:
print(post.text)   ---Nothing gets printed
print("end")       ---gets printed

Answer 1

[find_elements_by_class_name()仅接受类名，不接受多类名。相反，您可以使用css选择器。

处理动态元素诱导WebDriverWait和visibility_of_all_elements_located（）

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC


posts=WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,".col-md-12.messageContentColumn")))
for post in posts:
   print(post.text)

Answer 2

您在此行的代码返回0：

posts = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("col-md-12 messageContentColumn")

这会导致您的循环块永远不会执行。

[*_by_class_name()仅用于单个类名称，相反，您可以使用*_by_css_selector。

driver.get('https://www.gpug.com/resources/forum')
driver.maximize_window()
elmt = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="MainCopy_ctl02_MessageThreadSummary_hyperlinksubject_1"]')))
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", elmt)
elmt.click()

posts = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.col-md-12.messageContentColumn')))
for post in posts:
    print(post.text)

driver.quit()

正在导入：

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

Answer 3

在使用find_elements_by_class_name()时，您将无法传递多个classnames，并且只能传递一个类名。

您可以在Invalid selector: Compound class names not permitted using find_element_by_class_name with Webdriver and Python中找到相关的详细讨论

但是，你是如此亲密。您需要为visibility_of_all_elements_located()引入WebDriverWait，并且可以使用以下Locator Strategies中的任何一个：

• XPATH：

  driver.get("https://www.gpug.com/resources/forum")
  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//*[@id='MainCopy_ctl02_MessageThreadSummary_hyperlinksubject_1']"))).click()
  print([my_elem.text for my_elem in WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@class='col-md-12 messageContentColumn']")))])
  

• CSS_SELECTOR：

  print([my_elem.text for my_elem in WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.col-md-12.messageContentColumn")))])
  

• 控制台输出：

  ['Dear Collaborators,\n\nWe recently started using GP in a Remote Desktop Server (RDS) environment. Eventually we\'ll uninstall GP from each of the user workstations.\n\nFor now we\'re keeping both installations to ensure that our add-ons work properly with RDS.\n\nOne thing that has bothered some of our users is the default printer. They go into Microsoft Dynamics GP >> Print Setup... and choose their preferred printer. They work and print and everything\'s sunshine and kittens.\n\nThen the next day they log into GP on the RDS and find that the default printer has been set to something else. My SWAG (Scientific Wild Ass Guess) is that the default printer is set to whatever the last user set it to. In other words, the default printer is not an individual setting... at least that\'s the way it appears.\n\nWhat am I missing?\n\nSincerely,\n\n------------------------------\n"Sparkly" Steve Erbach - Green Bay, WI\nCo-Chair, GPUG WI (Green Bay) Chapter\nBlog: https://www.gpug.com/blogs/steve-erbach\nTwitter: twitter.com/serbach\n\n\n---------------\nExcel Webinar List as of 22-Mar-2019\n------------------------------', 'Hi @Steve Erbach\n\nWhen they first log onto the remote computer is the default printer the same default printer as their local machine?\n\n------------------------------\nKristen Hosman\nIndependent Dynamics ERP Consultant\nMount Evans Consulting LLC\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message', '@Kristen Hosman,\n\nIn this particular user\'s case, when she logs into GP on the RDS, the default printer is always the Microsoft PDF printer. She wants it to be the small laser printer right on her desk -- which is a network printer, by the way.\n\nAnd another "by the way", that is a terrific profile pic, Kristen!\n\nSincerely,\n\n------------------------------\n"Sparkly" Steve Erbach - Green Bay, WI\nCo-Chair, GPUG WI (Green Bay) Chapter\nBlog: https://www.gpug.com/blogs/steve-erbach\nTwitter: twitter.com/serbach\n\n\n---------------\nExcel Webinar List as of 22-Mar-2019\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message', 'You may have already considered this, but what about utilizing Named Printers?\n  Only sets the default for a subset of forms/reports, but it can be done by individual user on each machine.\n  This has been a great tool for our accounting department.\n\n------------------------------\nMark LeRette\nApplication System Analyst II\nMuscatine Power and Water\nMuscatine IA\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message', '@Mark LeRette,\n\nI appreciate that suggestion. And here I was just working with Named Printers the other day for another purpose. I will check that out. Thank you.\n\nSincerely,\n\n------------------------------\n"Sparkly" Steve Erbach - Green Bay, WI\nCo-Chair, GPUG WI (Green Bay) Chapter\nBlog: https://www.gpug.com/blogs/steve-erbach\nTwitter: twitter.com/serbach\n\n\n---------------\nExcel Webinar List as of 22-Mar-2019\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message', '@Steve Erbach\n\nHave a look at my articles on the topic\n\nhttps://winthropdc.wordpress.com/2008/08/15/using-named-printers-with-terminal-server/\n\nhttps://winthropdc.wordpress.com/2013/05/14/using-named-printers-with-terminal-server-revisited/\n\nOriginal creator/Developer of Named Printers\nDavid\n\n------------------------------\nDavid Musgrave MVP, GPUG All-Star\n\nManaging Director\nWinthrop Development Consultants\n\nPerth, Western Australia\n\nhttp://www.winthropdc.com\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message', 'Hi Steve,\nDo you know if the printer in the local resources is marked on the remote desktop application when they are connecting to your terminal server?  In theory it should take the default printer from the local machine to the terminal server :)\n\n------------------------------\nGerald Buenafe\nOwner/Consultant\nBTP Technologies LLC\nCHANTILLY VA\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message', 'Dear @Steve Erbach,\nThere is a very simple explanation to your problem.. and a very simple solution, in fact even two.\nWhen running GP off a TS or Citrix environment, all the users are using the same "GP Client", thus all users are sharing the same DEX.ini file.. which implies that every users is storing his/her own printer settings in the same DEX.ini file.. As a result, with several dozens or hundreds of users, that file can become very long and cluttered with entries about all possible printers in the network.\nRead my blog post from 5 years ago : https://dyngpgeek.wordpress.com/2014/07/25/using-dynamics-gp-in-a-citrix-ts-environment/\nIt explains how to solve the problem.. Either use a personal user profile DEX.ini for each user, or use the \'per-user\' DEX.ini settings, which stores the values no longer in the physical .ini file itself, but rather in the DYNAMICS database for each user.\nSee my comment at the end of the blog post about the pros & cons of each option.\n\n------------------------------\nBeat Bucher\nBusiness Analyst, Dynamics GP SME\nMontreal QC/Canada\n@GP_Beat http://www.gp-geek.com\nMontreal QC GPUG Chapter Leader\nMBS MVP (2015-2018)\n\n------------------------------\n\nOriginal Message']