Singleton注册表类

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我想创建一个单独的MATLAB类作为全局注册表。注册表应存储使用唯一名称寻址的对象(来自handle的某个类)。我想方便地访问存储类的属性而不需要临时变量,例如:

Registry.instance().addElement('name1', NewObject(...));
Registry.instance().get('name1').Value
Registry.instance().get('name2').Value = 1;

通过从()中删除instance,可以规避读出返回类的属性:

 >> Equipment.instance.get('name1').Value

但是,使用赋值似乎并不容易,因为如注释中所述,点索引不能直接用于函数的输出而不分配给中间变量。

在MATLAB中实现和使用这种“单例注册表”的正确方法是什么?

应该注意的是,单例类包含一些在向列表中添加元素时调用的逻辑,用于以正确顺序正确销毁对象的逻辑以及迭代对象列表的其他方法。因此,不能使用“正常”containers.Map

matlab oop dictionary singleton handle
1个回答
3
投票

这可能是你正在寻找的:

classdef (Abstract) Registry % < handle   <-- optional

  methods (Access = public, Static = true)

    function addElement(elementName, element)
      Registry.accessRegistry('set', elementName, element );
    end    

    function element = get(elementName)
      element = Registry.accessRegistry('get', elementName);
    end

    function reset()
      Registry.accessRegistry('reset');
    end
  end

  methods (Access = private, Static = true)

    function varargout = accessRegistry(action, fieldName, fieldValue)
    % throws MATLAB:Containers:Map:NoKey
      persistent elem;
      %% Initialize registry:
      if ~isa(elem, 'containers.Map') % meaning elem == []
        elem = containers.Map;
      end
      %% Process action:
      switch action
        case 'set'
          elem(fieldName) = fieldValue;
        case 'get'
          varargout{1} = elem(fieldName);
        case 'reset'
          elem = containers.Map;
      end        
    end
  end

end

由于MATLAB doesn't support static properties,必须采用各种workarounds,可能涉及methodspersistent变量,就像我的答案中的情况一样。

以下是上述用法示例:

Registry.addElement('name1', gobjects(1));
Registry.addElement('name2', cell(1) );     % assign heterogeneous types

Registry.get('name1')
ans = 
  GraphicsPlaceholder with no properties.

Registry.get('name1').get    % dot-access the output w/o intermediate assignment
  struct with no fields.

Registry.get('name2'){1}     % {}-access the output w/o intermediate assignment
ans =
     []

Registry.get('name3')        % request an invalid value
Error using containers.Map/subsref
The specified key is not present in this container.
Error in Registry/accessRegistry (line 31)
          varargout{1} = elem(fieldName);
Error in Registry.get (line 10)
      element = Registry.accessRegistry('get', elementName); 
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