以下代码在Python 2中运行良好:
import ctypes
def test():
OpenSCManager = ctypes.windll.advapi32.OpenSCManagerA
CloseServiceHandle = ctypes.windll.advapi32.CloseServiceHandle
handle = OpenSCManager(None, None, 0)
print(hex(handle))
assert handle, ctypes.GetLastError()
assert CloseServiceHandle(handle), ctypes.GetLastError()
test()
它在Python 3中不起作用:
0x40d88f90
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".\test1.py", line 12, in <module>
test()
File ".\test1.py", line 10, in test
assert CloseServiceHandle(handle), ctypes.GetLastError()
AssertionError: 6
6表示无效句柄。
似乎此外,在Python 2中检索的句柄是较小的数字,例如0x100ffc0。它不是CloseServiceHandle
特有的东西。此句柄不能与任何服务功能一起使用。
两个Python版本都是64位原生Windows Python。
您应该使用argtypes
和restype
,否则所有参数都默认为int并在64位中截断。此外,你不应该直接调用GetLastError
,但使用ctypes.get_last_error()
which缓存最后一个错误代码(执行调用后,解释器可能已经调用了Windows API,你无法确定)。
这是一个有效的例子:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import ctypes
def test():
advapi32 = ctypes.WinDLL("advapi32", use_last_error=True)
OpenSCManager = advapi32.OpenSCManagerA
OpenSCManager.argtypes = [ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_ulong]
OpenSCManager.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
CloseServiceHandle = advapi32.CloseServiceHandle
CloseServiceHandle.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
CloseServiceHandle.restype = ctypes.c_long
handle = OpenSCManager(None, None, 0)
if not handle:
raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error())
print(f"handle: {handle:#x}")
result = CloseServiceHandle(handle)
if result == 0:
raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error())
def main():
test()
if __name__ == "__main__":
sys.exit(main())