ApplicationUser 类型不能用作泛型类型或方法“IdentityDbContext<TUser>”中的类型参数“TUser”

Question

尝试在 ASP.NET Core 2.0 中实现 Identity。我在解决这个问题时遇到很多问题。

Startup.cs

public class Startup
{
    public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
    {
        Configuration = configuration;
    }

    public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

    // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
            options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("Ctrack6_Custom"))
        );


        services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>()
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>()
            .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

etc...

ApplicationUser.cs 使用 Guid 作为密钥。也在角色等中设置

// Add profile data for application users by adding properties to the ApplicationUser class
public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser<Guid>
{
    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string FirstName { get; set; }

    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string LastName { get; set; }

    [MaxLength(5)]
    public string OrgCode { get; set; }

    public ApplicationUser() : base()
    {

    }

}

ApplicationDbContext.cs 此文件中的类定义会引发错误。 ApplicationDbContext 抛出此错误：

类型“App.Identity.ApplicationUser”不能用作泛型类型或方法“IdentityDbContext”中的类型参数“TUser”。没有从“App.Identity.ApplicationUser”到“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser”的隐式引用转换。

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
{
    public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
        : base(options)
    {
    }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(builder);
        // Customize the ASP.NET Identity model and override the defaults if needed.
        // For example, you can rename the ASP.NET Identity table names and more.
        // Add your customizations after calling base.OnModelCreating(builder);
        builder.Entity<blah>()
        .HasKey(c => new { fields, for, key });

    }

    public DbSet<etc> Etcs {get; set; }

}

Answer 1

改变

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>

到

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole, Guid>

您需要有一个与 ApplicationUser 类类似的 ApplicationRole 类。据我所知，一旦您指定了密钥类型（在本例中为 Guid，默认为字符串），即使您不使用角色，您也需要包含角色和密钥类型。

Answer 2

我遇到了这个问题，最后意识到这是因为我的愚蠢错误。确保 IdentityUser 源自包 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity 而不是 Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Core

Answer 3

这对我有用：

public class DataContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser,IdentityRole<Guid>,Guid>

Answer 4

我通过意外删除 ApplicationUser 的类定义中的继承而得到了同样的错误：

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
    
    ...
}

Answer 5

我已将包名称从 Microsoft.AspNet.Identity 更改为 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity 并且它有效。