Django 部署失败

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我正在尝试部署 Django 项目，但在网络上获取它时遇到了困难。让我回顾一下我目前遇到的问题：

  1. 我通过 SSH 连接到远程服务器并尝试在那里部署项目。我目前没有域名，所以现在我使用 IP 地址。

  2. 我已经设置了 Gunicorn 和 Nginx 并让它们运行，但是当我转到浏览器并尝试通过“https://...”访问该网站时，出现以下错误:

Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://**.**.***.***/
Using the URLconf defined in apegd_ai_core.urls, Django tried these URL patterns, in this order:

admin/
The empty path didn’t match any of these.

You’re seeing this error because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and Django will display a standard 404 page.
  1. 我在“/etc/systemd/system”下有一个名为“apegd_ai.service”的 Gunicorn .service 文件。配置如下：
[Unit]
Description=Gunicorn instance to serve application
After=network.target

[Service]
User=john
Group=john
WorkingDirectory=/home/john/graph_django/apegd_ai_core
ExecStart=/home/bobby/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/bin/gunicorn -w 4 -b 0.0.0.0:8007 --error-logfile /home/john/gra>
Environment="DJANGO_SECRET_KEY=encrptedsecretkey"
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  1. 我在 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled 下有一个名为 apegd_ai.conf 的 Nginx 配置文件，如下所示：
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name **.**.***.***;

        location /static/ {
                alias /home/jared/graph_django/apegd_ai_core/staticfiles;
        }

        location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8007;
                proxy_set_header Host $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name **.**.***.***;


    location /static/ {
        alias /home/jared/graph_django/apegd_ai_core/staticfiles;
    }

    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/selfsigned.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/selfsigned.key;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8007;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }
  1. 我有一个 urls.py 文件，如下所示：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path,re_path


urlpatterns = [
    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
    path(" ",include('apegd_ai_core.urls')),
]
  1. 我有一个settings.py文件，看起来像这样（我知道调试已打开，哈哈）：
from pathlib import Path
import os 
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent

APEGHDAI_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'api', 'APEGHDAI')


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get("DJANGO_SECRET_KEY")


# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['**.**.***.***']

CORS_ALLOW_ALL_ORIGINS = True
  1. 当我尝试通过浏览器访问该应用程序时，出现以下错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 135, in>
    self.handle_request(listener, req, client, addr)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 178, in>
    respiter = self.wsgi(environ, resp.start_response)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 124>
    response = self.get_response(request)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 140>
    response = self._middleware_chain(request)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", lin>
    response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", lin>
    response = handle_uncaught_exception(
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", lin>
    return debug.technical_500_response(request, *exc_info)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 67, in tec>
    html = reporter.get_traceback_html()
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 410, in ge>
    c = Context(self.get_traceback_data(), use_l10n=False)
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 379, in ge>
    "settings": self.filter.get_safe_settings(),
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 154, in ge>
    settings_dict[k] = self.cleanse_setting(k, getattr(settings, k))
  File "/home/sidharth/Documents/graph_project/vDect2/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 111, in >
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("The SECRET_KEY setting must not be empty.")
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The SECRET_KEY setting must not be empty.

  1. 我的 SSL 密钥和证书均已设置并存在于 Nginx 目录中的 SSL 文件夹中。

  2. 当我运行“sudo systemctl status nginx”和“sudo systemctl status apegd.service”时，Nginx 和 Gunicorn 似乎都运行良好。

  3. “$DJANGO_SECRET_KEY”被设置为环境变量，当我回显它时，终端会正确输出它。

总而言之，我很茫然，而且由于我以前从未部署过Django项目，所以我肯定很茫然，哈哈。有人知道为什么我无法从浏览器访问我的应用程序吗？非常非常感谢！

python django nginx gunicorn secret-key
1个回答
0
投票

即使您能够从终端回显它，django 应用程序似乎在读取它时遇到问题。最佳实践是创建一个 .env 文件并将其放置在项目的根目录中（manage.py 所在的位置）。

使用新行中可能需要的每个键值对来构造 .env 文件。

DJANGO_SECRET_KEY=encryptedsecretkey

然后修改 settings.py 中的代码以从 .env 文件加载环境变量。另请注意来自 

environ
库的额外导入 
django-environ
（需要添加到您的要求并 pip install..）。以同样的方式加载您可能需要的其他环境变量..

from pathlib import Path
import os 
import environ

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent

env = environ.Env(
    # set casting, default value
    DEBUG=(bool, True)
)
# APEGHDAI_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'api', 'APEGHDAI')
# try this way instead of APEGHDAI_DIR
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# take environment variables from .env file
environ.Env.read_env(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '.env'))

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production
DEBUG = env('DEBUG')


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = env('DJANGO_SECRET_KEY')

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['**.**.***.***']

CORS_ALLOW_ALL_ORIGINS = True
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