即使找到，也无法加载Qt平台插件“ xcb”在“”

Question

此问题在堆栈溢出中被问过几次。我在几次讨论中都尝试了方法，但是没有用。因此，使用自定义OpenCV构建的Qt库无法正常工作：

import cv2
img = cv2.imread("IMAGE_PATH")
cv2.imshow("frame", img)

qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even though it was found.
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

Available platform plugins are: eglfs, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, xcb.

Aborted (core dumped)

我尝试过的

• 我尝试设置export QT_DEBUG_PLUGINS=1并执行具有OpenCV绘制图像的Python脚本。错误消息：

QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() checking directory path "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms" ...
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqeglfs.so"
Found metadata in lib /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqeglfs.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "eglfs"
        ]
    },
    "className": "QEglFSIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 329991
}


Got keys from plugin meta data ("eglfs")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqminimal.so"
Found metadata in lib /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqminimal.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "minimal"
        ]
    },
    "className": "QMinimalIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 329991
}


Got keys from plugin meta data ("minimal")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqminimalegl.so"
Found metadata in lib /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqminimalegl.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "minimalegl"
        ]
    },
    "className": "QMinimalEglIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 329991
}


Got keys from plugin meta data ("minimalegl")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqoffscreen.so"
Found metadata in lib /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqoffscreen.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "offscreen"
        ]
    },
    "className": "QOffscreenIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 329991
}


Got keys from plugin meta data ("offscreen")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqvnc.so"
Found metadata in lib /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqvnc.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "vnc"
        ]
    },
    "className": "QVncIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 329991
}


Got keys from plugin meta data ("vnc")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqxcb.so"
Found metadata in lib /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqxcb.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "xcb"
        ]
    },
    "className": "QXcbIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 329991
}


Got keys from plugin meta data ("xcb")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() checking directory path "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/bin/platforms" ...
Cannot load library /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqxcb.so: (/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libQt5XcbQpa.so.5: symbol _ZN11QFontEngine14bitmapForGlyphEj6QFixedRK10QTransform, version Qt_5_PRIVATE_API not defined in file libQt5Gui.so.5 with link time reference)
QLibraryPrivate::loadPlugin failed on "/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqxcb.so" : "Cannot load library /home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/libqxcb.so: (/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libQt5XcbQpa.so.5: symbol _ZN11QFontEngine14bitmapForGlyphEj6QFixedRK10QTransform, version Qt_5_PRIVATE_API not defined in file libQt5Gui.so.5 with link time reference)"
qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even though it was found.
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

Available platform plugins are: eglfs, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, xcb.

Aborted (core dumped)

• 我尝试在export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/Qt5.14.0/5.14.0/gcc_64/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH文件中设置~/.bashrc，但没有解决。
• 我尝试重新安装Qt5，但是没有用。
• [正如人们说的那样，我尝试使用ldd，但我不确定我应该查找什么信息。

如果相关

• [首先，如果相关，我在Ubuntu 16.04上安装了Anaconda，并创建了一个通用的Python环境名称py36，其中安装了几个库。我尝试运行conda list，以下是一些软件包：

 ...
 pyqt                      5.9.2            py36h05f1152_2  
 qt                        5.9.7                h5867ecd_1
 vtk                       8.2.0           py36haa4764d_200
 ...

老实说，我不知道何时安装这些库（当我安装其他软件包时它们会自动安装。）

• 接下来，我下载了Qt offline installer并安装到了/opt/Qt-5.14.0。
• 接下来，我使用以下设置编译了OpenCV 3.4.9。我一切顺利，没有任何错误。 （此后，我在conda环境中设置了symlink cv2.so，使其指向在/opt中构建的OpenCV库。）

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/OpenCV/opencv-3.4.9 \
-D CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="/opt/Qt5.14.0/5.14.0/gcc_64/lib/cmake;/opt/vtk-8.2.0/lib/cmake;/opt/g2o/lib/cmake" \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/w/OpenCV/opencv-3.4.9/opencv_contrib-3.4.9/modules \
-D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/home/w/.conda/envs/py36/bin/python3 \
-D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
-D WITH_V4L=ON \
-D WITH_LIBV4L=ON \
-D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
-D WITH_VTK=ON \
-D WITH_QT=ON \
-D WITH_GTK=ON \
..

Answer 1

正如所期望的，通过删除虚拟conda环境中的所有与Qt相关的库，使用OpenCV构建的Qt库（安装在/opt文件夹中）照常工作。