我知道 usmap 在
label
中有一个选项 plot_usmap()
。我想标记一些数字,而不是状态名称。我想 usmap 中应该有与州质心坐标相关的数据,但我不知道如何找到它。如果我能得到
坐标,然后我可以用 geom_text()
标记数字。
这是我的数据。
State Abbrev Code n_votes Attitude fips
1 Alabama Ala. AL 9 Solid Republican 01
2 Alaska Alaska AK 3 Toss-up 02
3 Arizona Ariz. AZ 11 Toss-up 04
4 Arkansas Ark. AR 6 Solid Republican 05
5 California Calif. CA 55 Solid Democrat 06
6 Colorado Colo. CO 9 Leaning to Democrat 08
7 Connecticut Conn. CT 7 Solid Democrat 09
8 Delaware Del. DE 3 Solid Democrat 10
9 District of Columbia D.C. DC 3 Solid Democrat 11
10 Florida Fla. FL 29 Leaning to Democrat 12
11 Georgia Ga. GA 16 Toss-up 13
12 Hawaii Hawaii HI 4 Solid Democrat 15
13 Idaho Idaho ID 4 Solid Republican 16
14 Illinois Ill. IL 20 Solid Democrat 17
15 Indiana Ind. IN 11 Leaning to Republican 18
16 Iowa Iowa IA 6 Leaning to Republican 19
17 Kansas Kans. KS 6 Leaning to Republican 20
18 Kentucky Ky. KY 8 Solid Republican 21
19 Louisiana La. LA 8 Solid Republican 22
20 Maine Maine ME 2 Solid Democrat 23
21 Maryland Md. MD 10 Solid Democrat 24
22 Massachusetts Mass. MA 11 Solid Democrat 25
23 Michigan Mich. MI 16 Leaning to Democrat 26
24 Minnesota Minn. MN 10 Toss-up 27
25 Mississippi Miss. MS 6 Solid Republican 28
26 Missouri Mo. MO 10 Leaning to Republican 29
27 Montana Mont. MT 3 Solid Republican 30
28 Nebraska Nebr. NE 2 Solid Republican 31
29 Nevada Nev. NV 6 Leaning to Democrat 32
30 New Hampshire N.H. NH 4 Leaning to Democrat 33
31 New Jersey N.J. NJ 14 Solid Democrat 34
32 New Mexico N.M. NM 5 Solid Democrat 35
33 New York N.Y. NY 29 Solid Democrat 36
34 North Carolina N.C. NC 15 Toss-up 37
35 North Dakota N.D. ND 3 Solid Republican 38
36 Ohio Ohio OH 18 Toss-up 39
37 Oklahoma Okla. OK 7 Solid Republican 40
38 Oregon Ore. OR 7 Solid Democrat 41
39 Pennsylvania Pa. PA 20 Leaning to Democrat 42
40 Rhode Island R.I. RI 4 Solid Democrat 44
41 South Carolina S.C. SC 9 Toss-up 45
42 South Dakota S.D. SD 3 Solid Republican 46
43 Tennessee Tenn. TN 11 Solid Republican 47
44 Texas Tex. TX 38 Toss-up 48
45 Utah Utah UT 6 Leaning to Republican 49
46 Vermont Vt. VT 3 Solid Democrat 50
47 Virginia Va. VA 13 Leaning to Democrat 51
48 Washington Wash. WA 12 Solid Democrat 53
49 West Virginia W.Va. WV 5 Solid Republican 54
50 Wisconsin Wis. WI 10 Leaning to Democrat 55
51 Wyoming Wyo. WY 3 Solid Republican 56
我想标记
n_votes
,它应该是类似的东西。我该怎么做?
谢谢,
丹
更新
usmap
已在版本0.7.0
中进行了现代化改造,现在将地图数据作为简单功能返回,即geom_text
将不再起作用。相反,我们必须切换到geom_sf_text
:
library(usmap)
library(ggplot2)
# Get centroids
centroid_labels <- usmapdata::centroid_labels("states")
# Join data to centroids
data_labels <- merge(centroid_labels, statepop, by = "fips")
plot_usmap(data = statepop, values = "pop_2015", color = "white", labels = FALSE) +
guides(fill = "none") +
geom_sf_text(data = data_labels, ggplot2::aes(
label = scales::number(pop_2015, scale = 1e-3, accuracy = 1)
), color = "white")
原答案
这可以像这样实现:
获取状态质心的坐标,该坐标作为数据包含在包
usmapdata
中。
使用坐标将数据集连接到 df
使用 geom_text 用您的数据标记地图
由于读取和整理您提供的数据需要一些时间(下次:在控制台中输入
dput(NAME_OF_DATASET)
并将以 structure(...
开头的输出复制并粘贴到您的帖子中)我只需使用提供的 statepop
数据通过包 usmap
作为示例数据:
library(usmap)
library(ggplot2)
# Get centroids
centroid_labels <- usmapdata::centroid_labels("states")
# Join data to centroids
data_labels <- merge(centroid_labels, statepop, by = "fips")
plot_usmap(data = statepop, values = "pop_2015", color = "white", labels = FALSE) +
guides(fill = "none") +
geom_text(data = data_labels, ggplot2::aes(
x = x, y = y,
label = scales::number(pop_2015, scale = 1e-3, accuracy = 1)
), color = "white")
这是一个完整的替代示例,它允许您通过将美国地图转换为
ggplot
对象来使用 sf
。这让您可以自由地选择使用 ggplot
: 获得的绘图参数
library(usmap)
library(sf)
library(ggplot2)
d <- us_map("states")
USS <- lapply(split(d, d$full), function(x) {
if(length(table(x$piece)) == 1)
{
st_polygon(list(cbind(x$x, x$y)))
}
else
{
st_multipolygon(list(lapply(split(x, x$piece), function(y) cbind(y$x, y$y))))
}
})
USA <- st_sfc(USS, crs = usmap_crs()@projargs)
USA <- st_sf(data.frame(df, geometry = USA))
USA$centroids <- st_centroid(USA$geometry)
虽然这段代码可能看起来有点复杂,但它可以轻松绘制:
ggplot(USA) +
geom_sf(aes(fill = Attitude)) +
geom_sf_text(aes(label = n_votes, geometry = centroids), colour = "white") +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("#67b5e3", "#ffada2","#1155b6",
"#ed4747", "#cccccc"), guide = guide_none()) +
theme_void()
数据
df <- df <- structure(list(State = structure(1:51, .Label = c("Alabama",
"Alaska", "Arizona", "Arkansas", "California", "Colorado", "Connecticut",
"Delaware", "District of Columbia", "Florida", "Georgia", "Hawaii",
"Idaho", "Illinois", "Indiana", "Iowa", "Kansas", "Kentucky",
"Louisiana", "Maine", "Maryland", "Massachusetts", "Michigan",
"Minnesota", "Mississippi", "Missouri", "Montana", "Nebraska",
"Nevada", "New Hampshire", "New Jersey", "New Mexico", "New York",
"North Carolina", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon",
"Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota",
"Tennessee", "Texas", "Utah", "Vermont", "Virginia", "Washington",
"West Virginia", "Wisconsin", "Wyoming"), class = "factor"),
Abbrev = structure(c(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 9L, 8L,
10L, 11L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 20L, 22L,
21L, 23L, 24L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 34L, 35L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L,
28L, 29L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 45L,
47L, 46L, 49L, 48L, 50L, 51L), .Label = c("Ala.", "Alaska",
"Ariz.", "Ark.", "Calif.", "Colo.", "Conn.", "D.C.", "Del.",
"Fla.", "Ga.", "Hawaii", "Idaho", "Ill.", "Ind.", "Iowa",
"Kans.", "Ky.", "La.", "Maine", "Mass.", "Md.", "Mich.",
"Minn.", "Miss.", "Mo.", "Mont.", "N.C.", "N.D.", "N.H.",
"N.J.", "N.M.", "N.Y.", "Nebr.", "Nev.", "Ohio", "Okla.",
"Ore.", "Pa.", "R.I.", "S.C.", "S.D.", "Tenn.", "Tex.", "Utah",
"Va.", "Vt.", "W.Va.", "Wash.", "Wis.", "Wyo."), class = "factor"),
Code = structure(c(2L, 1L, 4L, 3L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 9L, 8L, 10L,
11L, 12L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 13L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 22L, 21L, 20L,
23L, 24L, 26L, 25L, 27L, 30L, 34L, 31L, 32L, 33L, 35L, 28L,
29L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 45L, 47L,
46L, 48L, 50L, 49L, 51L), .Label = c("AK", "AL", "AR", "AZ",
"CA", "CO", "CT", "DC", "DE", "FL", "GA", "HI", "IA", "ID",
"IL", "IN", "KS", "KY", "LA", "MA", "MD", "ME", "MI", "MN",
"MO", "MS", "MT", "NC", "ND", "NE", "NH", "NJ", "NM", "NV",
"NY", "OH", "OK", "OR", "PA", "RI", "SC", "SD", "TN", "TX",
"UT", "VA", "VT", "WA", "WI", "WV", "WY"), class = "factor"),
n_votes = c(9, 3, 11, 6, 55, 9, 7, 3, 3, 29, 16, 4, 4, 20,
11, 6, 6, 8, 8, 2, 10, 11, 16, 10, 6, 10, 3, 2, 6, 4, 14,
5, 29, 15, 3, 18, 7, 7, 20, 4, 9, 3, 11, 38, 6, 3, 13, 12,
5, 10, 3), Attitude = structure(c(4L, 5L, 5L, 4L, 3L, 1L,
3L, 3L, 3L, 1L, 5L, 3L, 4L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 4L, 4L, 3L, 3L,
3L, 1L, 5L, 4L, 2L, 4L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 5L,
4L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 4L, 5L, 2L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 4L
), .Label = c("Leaning to Democrat", "Leaning to Republican",
"Solid Democrat", "Solid Republican", "Toss-up"), class = "factor"),
fips = structure(1:51, .Label = c("01", "02", "04", "05",
"06", "08", "09", "10", "11", "12", "13", "15", "16", "17",
"18", "19", "20", "21", "22", "23", "24", "25", "26", "27",
"28", "29", "30", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37",
"38", "39", "40", "41", "42", "44", "45", "46", "47", "48",
"49", "50", "51", "53", "54", "55", "56"), class = "factor")),
class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -51L))