客户端：Mac 10.8，服务器：Ubuntu 10.04 LTS 64bit
我使用'ssh-keygen -t rsa'生成公钥/私钥。
首先，我输入：ssh -i /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa [email protected]，我可以使用私钥“poponet_rsa”登录服务器
接下来，我创建一个配置文件：/Users/phenix/.ssh/config，内容如下：
Host popo
Hostname popo.net
User root
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa
我输入ssh [email protected]，终端问我密码。
接下来，我将poponet_rsa文件名更改为id_rsa，并输入ssh [email protected]，好的，我登录。
我的问题：ssh不能在文件〜/ .ssh / config中使用IdentityFile配置，为什么？
$ ssh -vvv [email protected]
OpenSSH_5.9p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8r 8 Feb 2011
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/phenix/.ssh/config
debug1: /Users/phenix/.ssh/config line 1: Applying options for popo.net
debug1: /Users/phenix/.ssh/config line 2: Applying options for popo.net
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for *
debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to popo.net [111.111.111.111] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7
debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 pat OpenSSH*
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "popo.net" from file "/Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: **too much init, i delete them.**
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP
debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 135/256
debug2: bits set: 468/1024
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: RSA xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "popo.net" from file "/Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "111.111.111.111" from file "/Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug1: Host 'popo.net' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug2: bits set: 516/1024
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug2: kex_derive_keys
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug2: key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa (0x0)
debug2: key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa (0x0)
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password
debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: key_parse_private_pem: PEM_read_PrivateKey failed
debug1: read PEM private key done: type <unknown>
debug2: no passphrase given, try next key
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa
debug3: no such identity: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug3: authmethod_lookup password
debug3: remaining preferred: ,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email protected]'s password:
我在这里找到了问题的答案：https://superuser.com/a/436015。
简而言之，需要在主机或全局SSH客户端配置上指定IdentitiesOnly yes，否则，也可能尝试使用未指定的密钥，包括ssh-agent中的密钥（如果正在运行）。
如果您的〜/ .ssh / config全部在一行（如您的帖子所示），就像这样：
Host popo Hostname popo.net User root PreferredAuthentications publickey IdentityFile /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa
然后这将无法奏效。您需要将每个指令拆分为自己的行，如下所示：
Host popo
Hostname popo.net
User root
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa
对于问题的作者，我不认为答案是实际的，但谷歌在第一页返回此主题。
我有类似的问题。日志中的关键行：
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key
所以ssh不知道你的poppet.key。在我的情况下是文件名中的错误打印。
我建议在〜/ .ssh / config中使用双重检查键名称。