我在更新R后在CentOS上的R中安装软件包时遇到了一些麻烦。下面是我尝试在R中安装软件包时会发生什么的示例：
> install.packages("ggplot2")
Installing package into '/home/albers/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.2'
(as 'lib' is unspecified)
--- Please select a CRAN mirror for use in this session ---
Error in download.file(url, destfile = f, quiet = TRUE) :
internet routines cannot be loaded
In addition: Warning message:
In download.file(url, destfile = f, quiet = TRUE) :
unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib64/R/modules//internet.so':
/usr/local/lib64/R/modules//internet.so: undefined symbol: curl_multi_wait
HTTPS CRAN mirror
1: 0-Cloud [https] 2: Austria [https]
3: Chile [https] 4: China (Beijing 4) [https]
5: Colombia (Cali) [https] 6: France (Lyon 2) [https]
7: France (Paris 2) [https] 8: Germany (M▒nster) [https]
9: Iceland [https] 10: Mexico (Mexico City) [https]
11: Russia (Moscow) [https] 12: Spain (A Coru▒a) [https]
13: Switzerland [https] 14: UK (Bristol) [https]
15: UK (Cambridge) [https] 16: USA (CA 1) [https]
17: USA (KS) [https] 18: USA (MI 1) [https]
19: USA (TN) [https] 20: USA (TX) [https]
21: USA (WA) [https] 22: (HTTP mirrors)
Selection: 1
Warning: unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
internet routines cannot be loaded
Warning message:
package 'ggplot2' is not available (for R version 3.2.5)
所以我花了一些时间搜索错误消息。我更新了我现在最新的curl版本：
$ curl -V
curl 7.48.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.48.0 zlib/1.2.8
Protocols: dict file ftp gopher http imap pop3 rtsp smtp telnet tftp
Features: IPv6 Largefile libz UnixSockets
仍然无法安装包，并收到相同的错误消息。所以我尝试按照this post的说明，特别是将以下命令添加到我的.bash_profile：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$TOOLS/curl-7.48.0/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
我再次得到关于R无法加载共享对象的相同错误消息。最终这是一个下载问题，因为download.file也失败了。这是我的sessionInfo()：
R version 3.2.5 (2016-04-14)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: CentOS release 6.2 (Final)
locale:
[1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.iso885915 LC_NUMERIC=C
[3] LC_TIME=en_US.iso885915 LC_COLLATE=en_US.iso885915
[5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.iso885915 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.iso885915
[7] LC_PAPER=en_US.iso885915 LC_NAME=C
[9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.iso885915 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
我可以用wget和curl下载文件，但是一旦我启动R，我就无法下载任何内容。
有没有人对我如何解决这个问题有任何建议？
试试吧。
install.packages("ggplot2", repos="http://cran.cnr.berkeley.edu")
或者在安装之前将下载工具更改为其他内容，即在Linux上，您可以尝试按如下方式进行操作。
options(download.file.method = "wget")
请注意，我已经放弃了https为http。我有类似的错误......
Selection: 1
Warning: unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
unsupported URL scheme
Warning message:
package ‘ggplot2’ is not available (for R version 3.2.3)
如果你从你的问题中查看以下行的输出...
Yours
Protocols: dict file ftp gopher http imap pop3 rtsp smtp telnet tftp
Mine (Also Centos 6)
Protocols: tftp ftp telnet dict ldap ldaps http file https ftps scp sftp
你的curl缺少https支持。关于curl_multi_wait的输出也有错误。这是在7.28.0中添加的。
https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_multi_wait.html
如果你需要在本地构建curl，请执行此操作
mkdir -p $HOME/curl
cd $HOME/curl
git clone https://github.com/curl/curl.git
cd curl
bash buildconf
./configure --prefix=$HOME/libcurl
make
make install
此时，您需要在.bash_profile中设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH即
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/libcurl/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
然后退出并再次返回或
source ~/.bash_profile
我相信我在去年夏天推出R 3.2。升级之前曾经回答了类似的问题。使用Ubuntu 12.04的Travis CI也有类似的问题。
一个相当简单的方法是告诉R使用你可能拥有的外部wget或curl二进制文件（以及需要https-ready）才能下载。所以尝试例如
R> options("download.file.method"="wget")
设置后，允许我从所需的非https主机下载所需的包：
R> install.packages("ggplot2", repos="http://cran.cnr.berkeley.edu")
Installing package into ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
--2016-04-26 18:29:16-- http://cran.cnr.berkeley.edu/src/contrib/ggplot2_2.1.0.tar.gz
Resolving cran.cnr.berkeley.edu (cran.cnr.berkeley.edu)... 169.229.201.201, 2607:f140:0:8000::201
Connecting to cran.cnr.berkeley.edu (cran.cnr.berkeley.edu)|169.229.201.201|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1571788 (1.5M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘/tmp/RtmpwWvA3s/downloaded_packages/ggplot2_2.1.0.tar.gz’
/tmp/RtmpwWvA3s/downloaded_packages/ggplot2_2.1.0.ta 100%[========================================================================================================================>] 1.50M 1.32MB/s in 1.1s
2016-04-26 18:29:17 (1.32 MB/s) - ‘/tmp/RtmpwWvA3s/downloaded_packages/ggplot2_2.1.0.tar.gz’ saved [1571788/1571788]
* installing *source* package ‘ggplot2’ ...
** package ‘ggplot2’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** R
** data
*** moving datasets to lazyload DB
** inst
** preparing package for lazy loading
** help
*** installing help indices
** building package indices
** installing vignettes
** testing if installed package can be loaded
* DONE (ggplot2)
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpwWvA3s/downloaded_packages’
您可以在~/.Rprofile或相应的Rprofile.site中设置选项。