匹配的通配符是严格的,但是找不到元素'context:component-scan的声明

问题描述 投票:62回答:12

我在尝试第一个春季项目时遇到以下错误:

Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'context:component-scan

这是applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

        <context:component-scan base-package="com.xyz" />

</beans>

是什么导致错误?

java spring
12个回答
130
投票

您尚未指定上下文命名空间的架构位置,这是此特定错误的原因:

<beans .....
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

0
投票

使用http添加xmlns上下文,如下所示

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"


0
投票
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

需要包含上述链接

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:sport.properties" />


    <bean id="myFortune" class="com.kiran.springdemo.HappyFortuneService"></bean>

    <bean id="myCoach" class="com.kiran.springdemo.setterinjection.MyCricketCoach">
        <property name="fortuner" ref="myFortune" />

        <property name="emailAddress" value="${ipl.email}" />
        <property name="team" value="${ipl.team}" />

    </bean>


</beans>

0
投票

添加这两个模式位置。这足够而且效率高,而不是添加所有不必要的架构

 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

6
投票

架构位置的此路径是错误的:

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

正确的路径应该以/结束:

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/

5
投票

我遇到了问题

Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'security:http'

对我来说,我必须将spring-security-config jar添加到类路径中

http://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/3.1.x/reference/ns-config.html

编辑:

可能是你在pom中有正确的依赖关系。

但...

如果你使用多个spring依赖项并组装成一个jar,则META-INF/spring.schemas可能会被另一个spring依赖项的spring.schemas覆盖。

(从你装配的jar中提取该文件,你就会明白)

Spring模式只是一堆看起来像这样的行:

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/p=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.SimplePropertyNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

但是如果另一个依赖项覆盖了该文件,那么将从http中检索定义,如果你有防火墙/代理,它将无法获取它。

一种解决方案是将spring.schemas和spring.handlers附加到单个文件中。

校验:

Idea to avoid that spring.handlers/spring.schemas get overwritten when merging multiple spring dependencies in a single jar


3
投票

如果包含所需XSD的jar文件未包含在已部署的类路径中,也可能导致此错误。

确保容器中的依赖项可用。


3
投票

如果使用STS,您可以在Eclipse中将配置文件标记为“Bean Configuration”文件(您可以在创建或右键单击XML文件时指定):

Spring Tools > Add as Bean Configuration

你的项目必须有Spring Nature(例如右键单击maven项目):

Spring Tools > Add Spring Project Nature

然后使用Spring Config Editor默认打开spring.xml

Open With > Spring Config Editor

这个编辑器有Namespaces选项卡

Spring Config Editor - Namespaces tab

这使您可以指定名称空间:

Spring Config Editor - Namespaces example

请注意,这取决于依赖关系(使用maven项目),所以如果没有在maven的pom.xml中定义spring-tx,那么选项不存在,这会阻止你有The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'tx:annotation-driven' 'context:component-scan'问题......


3
投票

现在为时已晚,但有些可能对其他人有用

匹配的通配符是严格的,但是找不到元素'context:component-scan的声明

这意味着您错过了一些声明或XML中未找到的必需声明

在我的情况下,我忘了添加以下内容

添加此问题后,问题就消失了

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

1
投票

当您在xml中首次添加上下文:component-scan时,需要添加以下内容。

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

0
投票

正确的路径不应该以“/”结尾,我错了造成了麻烦

正确的方法:

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd


0
投票

使用名称空间声明和模式位置,您还可以检查名称空间使用的语法,例如: -

<beans xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation= http://www.springframework.org/`enter code here`schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<context:annotation-driven/>   <!-- This is wrong -->
<context:annotation-config/> <!-- This should work -->
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