GCE：Ubuntu 18.04自定义镜像没有连接SSH？

Question

我目前正在努力让Ubuntu 18.04LTS的自定义镜像在GCE中工作。我使用的是Ubuntu桌面版，因为之后在Google库存Ubuntu上安装gdm3似乎无法提供我的用户所需的体验（我将使用NoMachine让用户使用实例）。

实例似乎可以成功构建。然而，我似乎无法将实例ping到它的内部IP，SSH也无法工作。这个镜像是使用VMWare Workstation 12制作的，这意味着我将单一的.VMDK文件从虚拟机上传到GCP以形成一个镜像。镜像构建成功，不包含任何错误。当然，当我在VMware中工作虚拟机时，一切都正常。

• 我在VM中运行了Google Cloud Precheck工具；毫无疑问地通过了。
• 我按照谷歌的 准则 来配置SSH、DHCP、NTP等。在VMware中使用时，服务都是启用的，运行的，可以从我的PC上访问。
• VM的防火墙被禁用，GCE的防火墙是打开的。
• 创建镜像时包含了Guest包。

进一步研究 让我觉得虚拟机需要额外的KVMVirtIOKernel包或配置，虽然我不完全确定从哪里开始，或者是否能解决任何问题。我基本上完全不知道为什么这个东西不能工作，因为它似乎没有最起码的连接性。

这是在尝试SSH进入实例后，从自定义镜像部署实例时的部分串行输出。这个输出似乎在无休止地循环。有谁能帮助我？

[[0;32m  OK  [0m] Created slice user-121.slice.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[1]: Starting User Manager for UID 121...

         Starting User Manager for UID 121...

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[1]: Started Session c502 of user gdm.

[[0;32m  OK  [0m] Started Session c502 of user gdm.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Starting D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on GnuPG cryptographic agent (ssh-agent emulation).

May 20 13:31:13 inrun-user-121.mount
st-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Reached target Timers.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on GnuPG network certificate management daemon.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache (access for web browsers).

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache (restricted).

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Started Pending report trigger for Ubuntu Report.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Reached target Paths.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on Sound System.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on REST API socket for snapd user session agent.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Listening on D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Reached target Sockets.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Reached target Basic System.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 121.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Reached target Default.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Startup finished in 34ms.

[[0;32m  OK  [0m] Started User Manager for UID 121.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Started D-Bus User Message Bus.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d dbus-daemon[15452]: [session uid=121 pid=15452] AppArmor D-Bus mediation is enabled

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d gnome-session-binary[15454]: WARNING: App 'org.gnome.Shell.desktop' exited with code 1

         Stopping User Manager for UID 121...

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[1]: Stopping User Manager for UID 121...

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped target Default.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopping D-Bus User Message Bus...

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped D-Bus User Message Bus.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped target Basic System.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped target Paths.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped Pending report trigger for Ubuntu Report.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped target Sockets.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed GnuPG network certificate management daemon.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed REST API socket for snapd user session agent.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache (access [email protected]
 web browsers).

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed Sound System.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache (restricted).

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent (ssh-agent emulation).

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Stopped target Timers.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Closed D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Reached target Shutdown.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Starting Exit the Session...

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[15438]: Received SIGRTMIN+24 from PID 15471 (kill).

[[0;32m  OK  [0m] Stopped User Manager for UID 121.

[[0;32m  OK  [0m] Removed slice user-121.slice.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[1]: Stopped User Manager for UID 121.

May 20 13:31:13 inst-translator-import-and-translate-translate-translate-qw66d systemd[1]: Removed slice user-121.slice.```

Answer 1

关于解决与你的虚拟机实例连接的问题，你可以采取几个故障排除步骤。我可以参考一下 文件 由GCP提供的关于SSH问题的故障排除。

但是，在排除故障时，主要考虑以下三个部分。

1. 检查你的防火墙规则
2. 测试网络连接
3. 以不同的用户连接

此外，你曾说过，虚拟机的防火墙被禁用，而GCE的防火墙是打开的。但是，请您提供更多细节，说明您在虚拟机的配置中禁用了哪些防火墙？

此外，你还可以尝试启用并允许HTTP和HTTPS流量到虚拟机实例，因为在过去，用户通过启用这两种流量来解决SSH问题。

最后，如果你认为虚拟机可能存在某些问题，需要额外的KVMVirtIOKernel包或配置，我建议你获得虚拟机实例的访问权限后，运行以下命令更新Kernal和其他包。

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get update