我在使用GNU链接程序时遇到了一些麻烦。
总之，我有一个对象具有.yksir_ykpack ELF部分，该对象与具有.yksir_yktrace ELF部分的对象链接。期望的结果是同时包含这两个部分的二进制文件。
这里是带有.yksir_ykpack部分的对象：
readelf --section-headers /home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libykpack-2a9122d94a2f837e.rlib 2>/dev/null
...
File: /home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libykpack-2a9122d94a2f837e.rlib(ykpack-2a9122d94a2f837e.4kxe4998mamwcrkf.rcgu.o)
There are 6 section headers, starting at offset 0xc25f8:
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Address Offset
Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000c2580
0000000000000074 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[ 2] .text PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000040
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[ 3] .yksir_ykpack PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000040
00000000000c24f5 0000000000000000 0 0 16
[ 4] .note.GNU-stack PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000c2535
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[ 5] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 000c2538
0000000000000048 0000000000000018 1 2 8
...
请注意，此对象是Rust rlib，但它与ELF兼容。
还请注意，rlib中还有其他“子文件”。我已将它们删除。
另一个链接的对象（包含.yksir_yktrace）是常规的.o文件。
并且由于默认链接程序脚本不会识别我的节名称，因此我使用了节指令（内联asm）。例如，对于.yksir_ykpack：
.section .yksir_ykpack, "", @progbits
现在这是我们的链接器命令行（很长很抱歉-在我的设置中很难举一个最小的例子）：
cc \
-Wl,--as-needed \
-Wl,-z,noexecstack \
-m64 \
-L \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.10c166lfq64r2e3y.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.10qcnu2sbqobows0.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.115niq53kx6tizom.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.120g6826u8fiklab.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.14rek8asgh23tnza.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.154hfu34te2ge40t.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.177trhwt854ryxrc.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.18scvl9vj2f5b06v.rcgu.o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.18vw9lln0d5b3qrw.rcgu.o \
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/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.v51zeo4f699m0ti.rcgu.o \
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/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.xp7r6sx9ppyf9t0.rcgu.o \
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/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.zwjbkly56hl6j7y.rcgu.o \
-o \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8 \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.3qhbgyy4j5mr4hcm.rcgu.o \
-pie \
-Wl,-zrelro \
-Wl,-znow \
-nodefaultlibs \
-L \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps \
-L \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/build/hwtracer-928324455c3b5b0d/out \
-L \
/home/vext01/.cargo/git/checkouts/hwtracer-07feaf5fa95de145/fdce391/c_deps/inst/lib \
-L \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/build/hwtracer-928324455c3b5b0d/out \
-L \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib \
-Wl,-Bstatic \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libmemmap-5f23cb5259f61858.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libgimli-d46f6b1d6250e62c.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libindexmap-a7445e071182095b.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libarrayvec-4d4c4abac05eec7a.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libnodrop-3da1b04b3cad85a5.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libstable_deref_trait-7630eaff18b8ab57.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libelf-97ced5ab8064f12b.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libbyteorder-a1ca60651d3abac3.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libphdrs-b9f0bd244ef345ca.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libobject-78dffdc0007e71b6.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libparity_wasm-6e118c1ea26bb0ca.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libflate2-a0dbcb32ab5b92bb.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libminiz_oxide-feee87a1e827d34e.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libadler32-df5c7e6116a31c83.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libcrc32fast-e74dc8ce28b7f377.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libgoblin-31c3e1931784d72b.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/liblog-6bd6a1a9417c9b44.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libplain-815d5b934f3c458c.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libscroll-57c304c9c9aa4f19.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libuuid-d9fa09a0ac505087.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libtarget_lexicon-bd6c9c95040de744.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libfailure-883b6313101c519f.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libhwtracer-4a7fcfc6cdb25d08.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libtempfile-f73c3fca6b62eb80.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/librand-df0ca11adb03b8e3.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/librand_chacha-276a59e9166a9193.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libc2_chacha-170e0ce215266f6e.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libppv_lite86-8dd4ff65271756be.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/librand_core-4c118f0513457ff6.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libgetrandom-a724117bf2304247.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libremove_dir_all-635dd99a7c406912.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libcfg_if-6454a07998dfdf77.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libtime-de6100a3b17d5591.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/liblibc-7376e8de49ab6c4d.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libykpack-2a9122d94a2f837e.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/librmp_serde-337cde3a4d7cf067.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libserde-af0b54eec19c1f21.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/librmp-3e2e145986c5b5a2.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libnum_traits-e132ced7a5978735.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libbyteorder-06c02cccfe57c005.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/libfallible_iterator-72f65c2f6c00d6f7.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/liblazy_static-40baa21fb02fe58c.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libtest-fa7c5db992c603ae.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libterm-677b7a33a112844b.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libgetopts-3823ca10bcc34fef.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libunicode_width-b085949ade5be118.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_std-937f89c7b4331592.rlib \
-Wl,--start-group \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-d5a0f5d9c2ecbc13.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libpanic_unwind-6214af4642f83019.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libhashbrown-d853b38ef82d1b80.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_alloc-b5c8492ce140f2f4.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libbacktrace-4f884e18d6db8201.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libbacktrace_sys-55bf2675880f6c0f.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_demangle-e80dead6761c88af.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libunwind-a0079eacbe814aa8.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcfg_if-eaebc19628616584.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liblibc-041597c76bfe99c8.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liballoc-4f9776276b6dc54c.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_core-f0c8c9c0de0535e4.rlib \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcore-cf28f55e983f3931.rlib \
-Wl,--end-group \
/home/vext01/research/ykrustc/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcompiler_builtins-f4dd3b487c184fe0.rlib \
-Wl,-Bdynamic \
-lipt \
-lutil \
-lutil \
-ldl \
-lrt \
-lpthread \
-lgcc_s \
-lc \
-lm \
-lrt \
-lpthread \
-lutil \
-lutil \
-Wl,--no-gc-sections \
/home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8.2qajgdgxxha7pskm.rcgu.o
得出结论，但是当我们检查生成的二进制文件时，缺少.yksir_ykpack：
$ readelf --section-headers /home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8 2>/dev/null | grep 'yksir_ykpack'
$
虽然是二进制文件中的[.yksir_yktrace部分是：
$ readelf --section-headers /home/vext01/research/yk/target/debug/deps/yktrace-191ae338a3a7cbe8 2>/dev/null | grep 'yksir_yktrace'
...
[31] .yksir_yktrace PROGBITS 0000000000000000 009ba0e0
0000000000078ed3 0000000000000000 0 0 16
有人知道这是为什么吗？ .yksir_ykpack去哪了？
我尝试删除-Wl,--as-needed并向上移动-Wl,--no-gc-sections。不高兴。
谢谢！
.rlib文件是静态库。与.o对象文件不同，当链接静态库（通常为.a文件）时，链接器使用解析步骤仅引入尚未定义的符号，而没有其他内容。这可以通过这个最小的示例看出：
all: main_a main_o main_a_whole dump
# Generate text files to use as the contents of the sections.
my_section1.raw:
echo "mydata1" > $@
my_section2.raw:
echo "mydata2" > $@
# Generate object files for the sections.
my_section1.o: my_section1.raw
objcopy --input-target binary \
--output-target=elf64-x86-64 \
--binary-architecture i386:x86-64 \
--rename-section .data=.my_section1 \
my_section1.raw $@
my_section2.o: my_section2.raw
objcopy --input-target binary \
--output-target=elf64-x86-64 \
--binary-architecture i386:x86-64 \
--rename-section .data=.my_section2 \
my_section2.raw $@
# And for section1 only, we will make a static lib.
my_section1.a: my_section1.o
ar rcs $@ my_section1.o
# A "main" stub to link our objects to.
main.c:
echo "void main(void) {}" > main.c
# Now make some binaries using varying linkage configurations.
# main_o is made from the object files.
main_o: main.o my_section1.a my_section2.o
${CC} -o $@ my_section1.o my_section2.o main.o
# main_a uses the static lib for section1 and the object file for section2.
main_a: main.o my_section1.a my_section2.o
${CC} -o $@ my_section1.a my_section2.o main.o
# main_a_whole is the same as main_a, but uses --whole-archive when linking section1.
main_a_whole: main.o my_section1.a my_section2.o
${CC} -o $@ -Wl,--whole-archive my_section1.a -Wl,--no-whole-archive my_section2.o main.o
# Print the sections of interest from the resulting binaries.
dump:
@echo "\n>>> main_o sections"
objdump -h main_o | grep my_section
@echo "\n>>> main_a sections"
objdump -h main_a | grep my_section
@echo "\n>>> main_a_whole sections"
objdump -h main_a_whole | grep my_section
clean:
rm -f *.o *.a main_a main_o main_a_whole *.raw main.c
运行时，我们得到：
>>> main_o sections
objdump -h main_o | grep my_section
23 .my_section1 00000008 0000000000004028 0000000000004028 00003028 2**0
24 .my_section2 00000008 0000000000004030 0000000000004030 00003030 2**0
>>> main_a sections
objdump -h main_a | grep my_section
23 .my_section2 00000008 0000000000004028 0000000000004028 00003028 2**0
>>> main_a_whole sections
objdump -h main_a_whole | grep my_section
23 .my_section1 00000008 0000000000004028 0000000000004028 00003028 2**0
24 .my_section2 00000008 0000000000004030 0000000000004030 00003030 2**0
注意使用--whole-archive强制加载整个静态库。这可能是不希望的，因为您可能希望仅完全链接一个部分，而这不能直接在AFAICS中完成。在这种情况下，您可以使用ar或objcopy提取该节并将其链接。