在USB设备插入Mac OS X和Linux时获取安装点

Question

我正在尝试在Mac OS和Linux中开发一个程序，列出USB驱动器中的文件和文件夹。连接和删除USB设备时，我需要获取一些事件。我知道在Mac OS X中我可以使用IOKit。但我不知道如何获得安装设备的安装点。我可以使用IOkit获取它吗？是否有适用于Linux和Mac的跨平台解决方案？

Answer 1

不，没有。在Linux下，您可以使用HAL或DeviceKit磁盘D-Bus接口。请注意，这些是可选组件，可能不存在。 HAL较旧，而DeviceKit磁盘是较新的实现，DK-d取代了HAL。

Answer 2

我用来获取可用挂载点（使用Java）的方法将“system_profiler SPUSBDataType -xml”命令的输出传递给dd-plist处理器。它随后通过USB层次结构进行递归，匹配具有“卷”键的那些。对于此数组中的每个项目，检索“mount_point”键以检索其安装位置。请参阅下面的代码示例：

/*
Copyright © 2014 Edwin de Jong. All Rights Reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY [LICENSOR] "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

*/
package nl.topicuszorg.laos.util.osx;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import nl.topicuszorg.laos.model.response.MountState;
import nl.topicuszorg.laos.model.response.MountedDevice;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import com.dd.plist.NSArray;
import com.dd.plist.NSDictionary;
import com.dd.plist.NSObject;
import com.dd.plist.NSString;
import com.dd.plist.PropertyListFormatException;
import com.dd.plist.PropertyListParser;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList.Builder;

public class USBHelpers
{
  private static final String SYSTEM_PROFILER_COMMAND = "/usr/sbin/system_profiler";

  private static final String SPUSB_DATA_TYPE = "SPUSBDataType";

  private interface SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers
  {
    String ITEMS = "_items";

    String VOLUMES = "volumes";

    String VENDOR_ID = "vendor_id";

    String MOUNT_POINT = "mount_point";

    String NAME = "_name";
  }

  public static List<MountedDevice> findMountedDevicesOsX() throws IOException, PropertyListFormatException,
    ParseException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException
  {
    final Process process = new ProcessBuilder(SYSTEM_PROFILER_COMMAND, SPUSB_DATA_TYPE, "-xml")
      .start();
    return findMountedDevicesInConfiguration(process.getInputStream());
  }

  private static List<MountedDevice> findMountedDevicesInConfiguration(final InputStream processInputStream)
    throws IOException, PropertyListFormatException, ParseException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException
  {
    // Root is an array, the USB devices are hierarchical in _items (and eg. _items(0)._items)
    final NSArray array = (NSArray) (PropertyListParser.parse(processInputStream));
    final NSDictionary dict = (NSDictionary) array.objectAtIndex(0);
    final NSArray itemsArray = (NSArray) dict.get(SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers.ITEMS);
    return recurseUSBDevices(itemsArray);
  }

  public static List<MountedDevice> recurseUSBDevices(NSArray items)
  {
    final Builder<MountedDevice> builder = ImmutableList.builder();
    for (NSObject item : items.getArray())
    {
      builder.addAll(recurseUSBDevice((NSDictionary) item));
    }

    return builder.build();
  }

  private static List<MountedDevice> recurseUSBDevice(final NSDictionary dict)
  {
    final Builder<MountedDevice> builder = ImmutableList.builder();
    for (final Map.Entry<String, NSObject> entry : dict.entrySet())
    {
      if (entry.getKey().equals(SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers.ITEMS))
      {
        // The USB device is a hub
        builder.addAll(recurseUSBDevices((NSArray) entry.getValue()));
      }
      if (entry.getKey().equals(SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers.VOLUMES))
      {
        // This is a mountable device. We need to get the volumes, and for each volume, return it.
        List<MountedDevice> mountedDeviceOpt = parseVolumes((NSArray) (entry.getValue()));
        for (MountedDevice mountedDevice : mountedDeviceOpt)
        {
          mountedDevice.setVendorId(((NSString) dict.get(SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers.VENDOR_ID)).toString());
          builder.add(mountedDevice);
        }
      }
    }
    return builder.build();
  }

  private static List<MountedDevice> parseVolumes(final NSArray nsArray)
  {
    final Builder<MountedDevice> builder = ImmutableList.builder();
    for (final NSObject item : nsArray.getArray())
    {
      builder.add(parseVolume((NSDictionary) item));
    }
    return builder.build();

  }

  private static MountedDevice parseVolume(final NSDictionary item)
  {
    final String mountPoint = ((NSString) item.get(SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers.MOUNT_POINT)).toString();
    final String name = ((NSString) item.get(SpUSBDataTypeIdentifiers.NAME)).toString();
    return new MountedDevice(mountPoint, name, null, null, MountState.MOUNTED);
  }

}