Django - 如何设置具有相同字段的2个模型？

Question

我有一个拥有20年销售历史的房地产应用程序。我想将最近2年的列表放入一个将被主动查询的模型中，并将其他18年放入归档模型中。

我在Postgresql 9.5中使用Django 1.11

我有限的数据库管理知识告诉我这称为“水平分区”或“分片”。有没有一种聪明的方法在Django中设置它？或者我只是将相同的字段名称复制并粘贴到ListingActive和ListingArchive中？

class ListingActive(models.Model):
    data1 = models.IntegerField()
    data2 = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    ...
    data100 = models.CharField(max_length=20)

class ListingArchived(models.Model):
    same fields as ListingActive

---

后续问题。我想执行水平分区和垂直分区。

假设在每个Listing模型中，总共有100个字段，但只有10个字段被主动查询。其他90个字段是从不查询的显示详细信息。

最后，我希望下面显示4个总模型。有没有办法使用抽象模型或其他方法来设置它？

class ListingActiveQuery(models.Model):
    actively_queried_data_1 = models.IntegerField()
    actively_queried_data_2 = models.IntegerField()
    ...
    actively_queried_data_10 = models.IntegerField()
    details = models.OneToOneField(ListingActiveDetails)

class ListingActiveDetails(models.Model):
    data_1 = models.IntegerField()
    data_2 = models.IntegerField()
    ...
    data_90 = models.IntegerField()

class ListingArchivedQuery(models.Model):
    actively_queried_data_1 = models.IntegerField()
    actively_queried_data_2 = models.IntegerField()
    ...
    actively_queried_data_10 = models.IntegerField()
    details = models.OneToOneField(ListingArchivedDetails)

class ListingArchivedDetails(models.Model):
    data_1 = models.IntegerField()
    data_2 = models.IntegerField()
    ...
    data_90 = models.IntegerField()

Answer 1

通常，您使用字段创建abstract model [Django-doc]，然后将该抽象模型子类化为两个真实模型。例如：

class AbstractDataModel(models.Model):
    data1 = models.IntegerField()
    data2 = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    # ...
    data100 = models.CharField(max_length=20)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

class ListingActive(AbstractDataModel):
    pass

class ListingArchived(AbstractDataModel):
    pass

编辑

class AbstractQuery(models.Model):
    actively_queried_data_1 = models.IntegerField()
    actively_queried_data_2 = models.IntegerField()
    # ...
    actively_queried_data_10 = models.IntegerField()

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

class AbstractDetails(models.Model):
    data_1 = models.IntegerField()
    data_2 = models.IntegerField()
    # ...
    data_90 = models.IntegerField()

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

class ListingActiveQuery(AbstractQuery):
    details = models.OneToOneField(ListingActiveDetails)

class ListingActiveDetails(AbstractDetails):
    pass

class ListingArchivedQuery(AbstractQuery):
    details = models.OneToOneField(ListingArchivedDetails)

class ListingArchivedDetails(AbstractDetails):
    pass