没有类型为“org.springframework.batch.core.configuration注释.JobBuilderFactory”的合格bean可用：在Junit中

Question

我已经浏览了下面的几个链接，但没有开始工作，我正在使用 Spring Boot v2.7.1 和 Batch，并具有以下代码并使用 junit 5。

• https://docs.spring.io/spring-batch/docs/4.0.x/reference/html/testing.html#creatingUnitTestClass
• 没有“org.springframework.batch.core.Job”类型的合格 bean 可用：预期有单个匹配 bean，但找到了 2：

错误：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.JobBuilderFactory' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1799) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1355) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1309) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:656) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    ... 113 common frames omitted

JUnit

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBatchTest
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { JobConfiguration.class })
@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class, 
  DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class})
@DirtiesContext(classMode = DirtiesContext.ClassMode.AFTER_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
public class XmlFileOutputApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private JobLauncherTestUtils jobLauncherTestUtils;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() throws Exception {
        JobParameters jobParameters = new JobParametersBuilder()
                .addString("JobId", String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis())).addDate("date", new Date())
                .addLong("time", System.currentTimeMillis()).toJobParameters();

        JobExecution jobExecution = jobLauncherTestUtils.launchJob(jobParameters);
        System.out.println(jobExecution.getExitStatus());
    }
}

JobConfig.java

@Configuration
public class JobConfiguration {
    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;
    
    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;
    
    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;
    
    @Bean
    public JdbcPagingItemReader<Customer> customerPagingItemReader(){
        // Sort Keys
        Map<String, Order> sortKeys = new HashMap<>();
        sortKeys.put("id", Order.ASCENDING);

        // MySQL implementation of a PagingQueryProvider using database specific features.
        MySqlPagingQueryProvider queryProvider = new MySqlPagingQueryProvider();
        queryProvider.setSelectClause("id, firstName, lastName, birthdate");
        queryProvider.setFromClause("from customer");
        queryProvider.setSortKeys(sortKeys);

        return new JdbcPagingItemReaderBuilder<Customer>()
                .name("customerPagingItemReader")
                .dataSource(this.dataSource)
                .fetchSize(1000)
                .rowMapper(new CustomerRowMapper())
                .queryProvider(queryProvider)
                .build();
    }
    
    
    @Bean
    public StaxEventItemWriter<Customer> customerItemWriter() throws Exception{
        String customerOutputPath = File.createTempFile("customerOutput", ".out").getAbsolutePath();
        System.out.println(">> Output Path = "+customerOutputPath);

        Map<String, Class> aliases = new HashMap<>();
        aliases.put("customer", Customer.class);

        XStreamMarshaller marshaller = new XStreamMarshaller();
        marshaller.setAliases(aliases);

        return new StaxEventItemWriterBuilder<Customer>()
                .name("customerItemWriter")
                .rootTagName("customers")
                .marshaller(marshaller)
                .resource(new FileSystemResource(customerOutputPath))
                .build();
    }
    
    
    @Bean
    public Step step1() throws Exception {
        return stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
                .<Customer, Customer>chunk(100)
                .reader(customerPagingItemReader())
                .writer(customerItemWriter())
                .build();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public Job job() throws Exception {
        return jobBuilderFactory.get("job")
                .start(step1())
                .build();
    }
}

MainApp.java

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class XmlFileOutputApplication implements CommandLineRunner{
    @Autowired
    private JobLauncher jobLauncher;

    @Autowired
    private Job job;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(XmlFileOutputApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        JobParameters jobParameters = new JobParametersBuilder()
                .addString("JobId", String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()))
                .addDate("date", new Date())
                .addLong("time",System.currentTimeMillis()).toJobParameters();
        
        JobExecution execution = jobLauncher.run(job, jobParameters);
        System.out.println("STATUS :: "+execution.getStatus());
    }
}

Answer 1

JobBuilderFactory

和

StepBuilderFactory

beans 均由

@EnableBatchProcessing

定义。

但是现在，当您显式配置 spring 测试以从

JobConfiguration

加载上下文时，

XmlFileOutputApplication

将不会被拾取，并且作为配置类，因此其

@EnableBatchProcessing

不会生效。

修复此问题的简单方法是确保在弹簧测试中包含

@EnableBatchProcessing

。你可以通过以下方式做到：

@ContextConfiguration(classes = { JobConfiguration.class })
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class XmlFileOutputApplicationTests {

}

或在

@EnableBatchProcessing

上注释

JobConfiguration

:

@ContextConfiguration(classes = { JobConfiguration.class })
public class XmlFileOutputApplicationTests {

}

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class JobConfiguration {

}