如何在 Django 中将变量从一个视图传递到另一个视图

Question

我想在 Django 中将变量从一个视图传递到另一个视图，但不确定最好的方法。

下面的“defaultCreateView”是一个表单，用于创建新的数据库条目，并且有一个我想要自动填充的必填字段（device_id）。所以我的想法是我可以在 URL 中传递它。使用下面我的模板中显示的按钮可以访问此表单。所以想法是，第一个视图将变量传递给按钮所在的模板，然后该按钮通过 href 将 device_id 添加到 URL。

有没有更简单/更好的方法来实现这一点？

预先感谢您的帮助。

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    path('<int:pk>/edit/', defaultUpdateView.as_view(), name='default_edit'),
    path('<int:pk>/', defaultDetailView.as_view(), name='default_detail'),
    path('<int:pk>/delete/', defaultDeleteView.as_view(), name='default_delete'),
    path('<int:device>', DefaultsListView.as_view(), name='Default_Listview'),
    path('<int:device>/new/', defaultCreateView.as_view(), name='default_new'),
    path('Defaultsapidata/', apiDefaultsListView.as_view(), name='Defaults_apidata_list'),
    path('<int:pk>/changedefaults/', changeDefaultsViewSingle.as_view()),
]

Views.py

class DefaultsListView(LoginRequiredMixin,ListView):
    model = models.DefaultDMLSProcessParams
    template_name = 'defaults_list.html'
    login_url = 'login'
    def get_queryset(self):
        return super(DefaultsListView, self).get_queryset().filter(device_id=self.kwargs['device'])

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        deviceID = self.kwargs['device']
        context['deviceID'] = deviceID
        return context

class defaultCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin,CreateView):
    model = models.DefaultDMLSProcessParams
    template_name = 'default_new.html'
    fields= ['defaultParamDescrip','processType','processNotes',]
    login_url = 'login'

    def form_valid(self, form):
        form.instance.customerTag = self.request.user.customerTag 
        form.instance.device_id = self.kwargs['device']
        return super().form_valid(form)

defaults_list.html

<a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" 
href="{% url 'default_new' {{deviceID}}  %}" role="button"> Add New Default Parameter</a>

编辑 当我尝试访问defaults_list.html时，我收到“NoReverseMatch at /defaults/41”，但是当我将defaultCreateView的URL更改为：

时，这个问题就解决了

        path('new/', defaultCreateView.as_view(), name='default_new'),

Answer 1

def update_project_filter(request):
...
selected_project_id = project_form.cleaned_data["Project_Name"].id
request.session['selected_project_id'] = selected_project_id
...

def update_project(request):
...
selected_project_id = request.session.get('selected_project_id')
...

假设您已激活“django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware”

Answer 2

我也有同样的问题。我决定将电子邮件传递到“RegisterUserView”中的args，然后在“CodeConfirmationUserView”中在“get_initial”方法中检索该值，该方法从 self.kwargs 获取“电子邮件”，然后将其作为模板传递到我的模板中初始数据。

views.py

class RegisterUser(ConfirmationCodeMixin, ErrorMessageMixin, SuccessMessageMixin, CreateView):
    model = get_user_model()
    form_class = RegisterUserForm
    template_name = 'users/register.html'
    extra_context = {'title': 'Registration'}
    success_message = "The confirmation code has been successfully sent!"

    def form_valid(self, form):
        try:
            user = form.save(commit=False)
        except UserNotInExternalResource as error:
            messages.error(request=self.request, message=error)
            return redirect(to=reverse_lazy(REGISTER_URL))
        # ...

        return redirect(to=reverse_lazy('users:code_confirmation', args=(user.email,)))


class CodeConfirmationUser(ConfirmationCodeMixin, ErrorMessageMixin, SuccessMessageMixin, FormView):
    model = get_user_model()
    form_class = CodeConfirmationUserForm
    template_name = 'users/code_confirmation.html'
    extra_context = {'title': 'Registration'}
    success_url = reverse_lazy('home')
    success_message = "Registation and authentication have been successfully permormed!"

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # ... 

    def get_initial(self):
        initial = super().get_initial()
        initial['email'] = self.kwargs.get('email', '')  # Set the initial value for the email field
        return initial

code_confirmation.html

<div class="my-3">
    <label class="w-150 me-2 align-top" for="{{ form.email.id_for_label }}">
        {{ form.email.label }}
    </label>
    {{ form.email }}
</div>
<div class="my-3">
    <label class="w-150 me-2 align-top" for="{{ form.confirmation_code.id_for_label }}">
        {{ form.confirmation_code.label }}
    </label>
    {{ form.confirmation_code }}
</div>

urls.py

from django.contrib.auth.views import LogoutView
from django.urls import path

from users import views

app_name = "users"

urlpatterns = [
    path('register/', views.RegisterUser.as_view(), name='register'),
    path('code_confirmation/<str:email>', views.CodeConfirmationUser.as_view(), name='code_confirmation')
]

现在将显示电子邮件的默认值