__imp 使用在 mingw 下运行的 g++ 出现链接错误

Question

我有一个简单的套接字程序，我正在尝试使用在Win8系统上的mingw（都是最新版本）中运行的g ++进行编译。我遇到了常见的链接器错误

undefined reference to `__imp_socket'
undefined reference to `__imp_gethostbyname'

我尝试添加 -lws2_32 但没有成功；即它仍然找不到参考文献。有人可以建议我可能缺少的其他东西吗？

这是完整的输出：

G:\source\kak>g++ -o ./test_client -lws2_32 test_client.C
C:\Users\kenkahn\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDZTr9b.o:test_client.C:(.text+0x4f): undefined reference to `__imp_inet_addr'
C:\Users\kenkahn\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDZTr9b.o:test_client.C:(.text+0x6b): undefined reference to `__imp_socket'
C:\Users\kenkahn\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDZTr9b.o:test_client.C:(.text+0x8b): undefined reference to `__imp_connect'
d:/program files/mingw/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\kenkahn\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDZTr9b.o: bad reloc address 0xc in section `.xdata'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Answer 1

尝试将

-lws2_32

放在

test_client.C

参数后面。 gcc (ld) 的链接器对可链接事物的顺序很敏感，这可能就是为什么它在链接时找不到您导入的函数的原因。

Answer 2

非常有趣的体验。

默认情况下，我在 Code::Blocks 中面临同样的问题。

默认情况下不起作用

g++.exe -o bin\Release\ServerClient.exe obj\Release\main.o -s -lws2_32 -lWinmm C:\Projects\_Dep\enet\bin\Release\libenet.a -v > nejde 2>&1

如果我更改库的顺序，它可以从命令行运行

g++.exe -o bin\Release\ServerClient.exe obj\Release\main.o -s C:\Projects\_Dep\enet\bin\Release\libenet.a -lws2_32 -lWinmm -v > jde 2>&1

这些的区别是：

 C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/collect2.exe -plugin C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/liblto_plugin.dll -plugin-opt=C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/lto-wrapper.exe -plugin-opt=-fresolution=C:\Users\tomas\AppData\Local\Temp\ccWeJOL1.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingw32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmoldname -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingwex -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmsvcrt -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lpthread -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-ladvapi32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lshell32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-luser32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingw32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmoldname -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingwex -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmsvcrt -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -m i386pep -Bdynamic -o bin\Release\ServerClient.exe -s C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../lib/crt2.o C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/crtbegin.o -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0 -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/../lib -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../lib -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../.. obj\Release\main.o C:\Projects\_Dep\enet\bin\Release\libenet.a -lws2_32 -lWinmm -lstdc++ -lmingw32 -lgcc_s -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -lkernel32 -lpthread -ladvapi32 -lshell32 -luser32 -lkernel32 -lmingw32 -lgcc_s -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -lkernel32 C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../lib/default-manifest.o C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/crtend.o

对

 C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/collect2.exe -plugin C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/liblto_plugin.dll -plugin-opt=C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/lto-wrapper.exe -plugin-opt=-fresolution=C:\Users\tomas\AppData\Local\Temp\ccLEHscT.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingw32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmoldname -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingwex -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmsvcrt -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lpthread -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-ladvapi32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lshell32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-luser32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingw32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmoldname -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingwex -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmsvcrt -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -m i386pep -Bdynamic -o bin\Release\ServerClient.exe -s C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../lib/crt2.o C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/crtbegin.o -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0 -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/../lib -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../lib -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -LC:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../.. obj\Release\main.o -lws2_32 -lWinmm C:\Projects\_Dep\enet\bin\Release\libenet.a -lstdc++ -lmingw32 -lgcc_s -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -lkernel32 -lpthread -ladvapi32 -lshell32 -luser32 -lkernel32 -lmingw32 -lgcc_s -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -lkernel32 C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/../../../../lib/default-manifest.o C:/tools/msys64/ucrt64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13.2.0/crtend.o

详细差异请参见附图。