在 Laravel 8 中使用工厂时字段名称没有默认值错误

Question

这里是我的用户工厂：

<?php

namespace Database\Factories;

use App\User;
use Faker\Generator as Faker;
use Faker\Factory as FakerFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$factory->define(User::class, function (Faker $faker) {
    static $password;

    return [
        'firstname' => $this->faker->firstName(),
        'name' => $this->faker->lastName,
        'nickname' => $this->faker->userName,
        'email' => $this->faker->unique()->safeEmail,
        'password' => $password ?: $password = bcrypt('secret'),
        'remember_token' => Str::random(10),
    ];
});

这是我的用户模型的第一部分：

class User extends Authenticatable implements HasLocalePreference
{
    use Notifiable;
    protected $table = 'users';
    protected $appends = ['avatar','targetLang','targetLangId','type', 'isAdmin'];
    protected $casts = [
        'preferences' => 'array',
    ];

    protected $guarded= [];

    protected $hidden = [
        'password', 'remember_token','accessToken','refreshToken',
    ];

我打电话给工厂的测试：

class MoveCourseItemTest extends DuskTestCase
{
    /**
     * A Dusk test to move card in other block.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function testMoveCard() {

        // Create Teacher User
        $teacher = factory(User::class)->create([
            'isTeacher' => 1,
            'termsofuse_id' => 1,
            'privacypolicy_id' => 1,
        ]);

最后我得到这个错误，只在暂存环境（而不是本地环境）：

Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[HY000]: 一般错误： 1364 字段 'firstname' 没有默认值（SQL：插入

users

(

name

,

email

,

password

,

remember_token

,

isTeacher

,

termsofuse_id

,

privacypolicy_id

,

updated_at

,

created_at

) 值（Kenneth Altenwerth Jr.，[email protected]， $2y$10$1B7LlTzM4iINkVI/82Pp6OHSUWBWaePPdDKMy1DRW2K02d8UYKc2S, r0WnPBrZGG, 1, 1, 1, 2021-07-29 21:12:54, 2021-07-29 21:12:54)))

有人知道我怎么解决吗？谢谢！

Answer 1

让它在你的迁移中可以为空：

$table->string('name')->nullable();

Answer 2

作为附加说明，如果您为模型编写构造函数，请确保将

$attributes

数组传递给父构造函数，否则所有属性都不会传递给模型

create

方法。

例子

public function __construct(array $attributes = [])
{
    parent::__construct($attributes);
    // ...
}

Answer 3

在我看来，您的表中没有名字列。正如其他人所说，创建它并使其默认为可空。