当我试图遵循最佳实践时，我将Option Explicit放在我的代码顶部并声明我的所有变量。但这导致了与另一种使用命名常量的最佳实践的冲突。我该怎么办？
第一个问题是xlFalse;我对任何其他xl变量没有任何问题，所以这看起来像一个独立的案例。但我并不是真的担心它，因为我可以放入False并且代码可以工作。 （它有效，对吧？）
Sub GetEOP()
'Executes when the user clicks the "Import Data" button, imports the EOP data
GlobalDeclarations
'Open Open dialog, assigns selected file path to wordFileName
wordFileName = Application.GetOpenFilename("Rich Text Files (*.rtf), *.rtf," & "Word Files (*.doc;*.docx), *.doc;*.docx", , "EOP Table File?")
'Stop code if the user clicks Cancel (otherwise, wordFileName would be assigned a value of "False")
If wordFileName = False Then Exit Sub
'Open the selected file in Word
Set wordDoc = GetObject(wordFileName)
'Copy the values of the first table in the Word document to Excel
With wordDoc.Tables(1)
For wordRow = 1 To .Rows.Count
For wordCol = 1 To .Columns.Count
EOP.Cells(wordRow, wordCol).Value = WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(wordRow, wordCol).Range.Text)
Next wordCol
Next wordRow
End With
'Close Word
Set wordDoc = Nothing
'Find the last row and column of the EOP sheet.
rw2 = EOP.Cells.Find("*", after:=Range("A1"), LookAt:=xlPart, LookIn:=xlFormulas, SearchOrder:=xlByRows, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, MatchCase:=xlFalse).Row 'ERROR: Variable not defined -- xlFalse
cl2 = EOP.Cells.Find("*", after:=Range("A1"), LookAt:=xlPart, LookIn:=xlFormulas, SearchOrder:=xlByRows, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, MatchCase:=xlFalse).Column 'ERROR: Variable not defined -- xlFalse
'Format EOP worksheet
EOP.Cells(1, 1).RowHeight = 15
EOP.Cells(2, 1).RowHeight = 15
EOP.Cells(1, 1).Resize(50, 12).Interior.Color = clrbg
EOP.Cells(1, 1).Resize(1, cl2).Interior.Color = clr2
EOP.Cells(2, 1).Resize(rw2 - 1, cl2).Interior.Color = clr1
End Sub
但更严重的问题是当我从Excel运行Word代码时，就像在wordDoc.Close savechanges:=wdDoNotSaveChanges中一样。我可以使用wdDoNotSaveChanges = 0而不用担心它，但我认为可能有更好的方法来处理这种情况。
这里有大量的代码;在Closes Word Document代码块中，抛出错误的行一直在底部。
Sub DrillFolder(Folder)
Dim SubFolder
For Each SubFolder In Folder.SubFolders
'Skip Archive and Old folders
If InStr(UCase(SubFolder.Name), UCase("Archive")) > 0 Or _
InStr(UCase(SubFolder.Name), UCase("Old")) > 0 Or _
InStr(UCase(SubFolder.Name), UCase("do not use")) > 0 Then GoTo SkipFolder
DrillFolder SubFolder
SkipFolder:
Next
Dim File
Dim sortFile As Worksheet
For Each File In Folder.Files
'Checks if the file name has any of these time points in it.
If InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("bl")) > 0 Or _
InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("eop")) > 0 Or _
InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("t2")) > 0 Or _
InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("t3")) > 0 Then
'Only look at RTFs
If File.Type = "Rich Text Format" Then
'Sorts the file according to the time point in the file name.
If InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("bl")) > 0 Then Set sortFile = Worksheets("Base")
If InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("eop")) > 0 Then Set sortFile = Worksheets("EOP")
If InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("t2")) > 0 Then Set sortFile = Worksheets("T2")
If InStr(UCase(File.Name), UCase("t3")) > 0 Then Set sortFile = Worksheets("T3")
'sortTotalRow is used to make sure that entries in one worksheet don't skew the alignment of other worksheets
Dim sortTotalRow As Integer
Select Case sortFile.Name
Case "Base"
sortTotalRow = baseTotalRow
Case "EOP"
sortTotalRow = eopTotalRow
Case "T2"
sortTotalRow = t2TotalRow
Case "T3"
sortTotalRow = t3TotalRow
Case Else
sortTotalRow = 0
End Select
'Opens the selected file in Word
Set wordDoc = wordApp.Documents.Open(File.Path)
'Adds file information to the Import worksheet
With Import.Cells(docCount + 2, 1)
.Value = wordDoc
.Offset(0, 1).Value = wordDoc.Tables(1).Rows.Count
.Offset(0, 2).Value = sortFile.Name
.Offset(0, 3).Value = wordDoc.FullName
End With
'Copies values of first table in document to Excel
If wordDoc.Tables.Count > 0 Then
Restart: With wordDoc.Tables(1)
'Combine Birth Month and Birth Year columns, if they're separate
Dim i As Integer
For i = 1 To .Columns.Count
If InStr(UCase(WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(1, i).Range.Text)), UCase("Birth year")) = 1 Then
'Change Birth Month column to Birth Month and Year column
Dim k As Long
For k = 1 To .Rows.Count
.cell(k, i - 1).Range.Text = .cell(k, i - 1).Range.Text & .cell(k, i).Range.Text
Next k
'Then delete the Birth Year column, so it doesn't get copied twice
.Columns(i).Delete
GoTo Restart
End If
'Delete "describe yourself" and "Where are you taking this survey?" columns
If InStr(UCase(WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(1, i).Range.Text)), UCase("describe")) > 0 Then
.Columns(i).Delete
GoTo Restart
End If
If InStr(UCase(WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(1, i).Range.Text)), UCase("taking this survey")) > 0 Then
.Columns(i).Delete
GoTo Restart
End If
Next i
'Account for Grandma code by putting in dummy values for non-Gcode rounds
Dim gmaFind As Boolean
'Check for Gma in the table
With wordDoc.Range.Find
.Text = "Grandmother"
.MatchCase = False
gmaFind = .Execute
End With
'If you don't find it, add a column and fill it with XXX
If gmaFind = True Then
Else
.Columns.Add
For i = 1 To .Rows.Count
.cell(i, .Columns.Count).Range.Text = "XXX"
Next i
End If
For wordRow = 1 To .Rows.Count
For wordCol = 1 To .Columns.Count
'Takes off headers for the tables after the first
If sortTotalRow <> 0 And wordRow = 1 Then GoTo Skip
'Skip "How do you describe yourself?" column
If InStr(WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(1, wordCol).Range.Text), "describe") > 0 Then GoTo Skip
'Skip "Please tell us the place where you are taking this survey." column
If InStr(WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(1, wordCol).Range.Text), "taking this survey") > 0 Then GoTo Skip
'If you're in the Obs column, also add in the name of the round.
If wordCol = 1 Then
sortFile.Cells(wordRow + sortTotalRow, wordCol).Value = Left(wordDoc.Name, 8) & " " & WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(wordRow, wordCol).Range.Text)
Else
sortFile.Cells(wordRow + sortTotalRow, wordCol).Value = WorksheetFunction.Clean(.cell(wordRow, wordCol).Range.Text)
End If
'This is a flag
'to tell GoTo
'where to go.
Skip: Next wordCol
Next wordRow
'Adds number of records to totalRow, so the next table appears under the previous.
Select Case sortFile.Name
Case "Base"
'The -1 is accounting for the headers of the tables that have been omitted
'(otherwise it would be a blank row)
baseTotalRow = baseTotalRow + .Rows.Count - 1
Case "EOP"
eopTotalRow = eopTotalRow + .Rows.Count - 1
Case "T2"
t2TotalRow = t2TotalRow + .Rows.Count - 1
Case "T3"
t3TotalRow = t3TotalRow + .Rows.Count - 1
Case Else
End Select
End With
End If
'At the end of importing, docCount is used as "Debug.print "Time taken to import docCount documents""
docCount = docCount + 1
'Closes Word Document
'Const wdDoNotSaveChanges As Integer = 0
wordDoc.Close savechanges:=wdDoNotSaveChanges 'ERROR: Variable not defined -- wdDoNotSaveChanges
End If
End If
Next
End Sub
谢谢您的帮助！
如果我理解正确，你会发现Option Explicit如何从非常严重的错误中拯救你！
如果您的代码拒绝编译，因为wdDoNotSaveChanges未定义，那是因为未引用Microsoft Word对象库（即您可能对其进行后期绑定）。
没有Option Explicit，VBA很乐意编译，并且未定义的标识符在执行时被定义为隐式Variant局部变量，其中包含任何Variant变量的默认值：Empty ...当传递给函数/过程时接受整数类型的/ method，无论你将它命名为什么，都会无声地转换为0。
如果您对Word对象模型进行后期绑定，则不会加载Word对象库中定义的常量，因此为了使用命名常量并避免使用幻数（您指的是最佳实践），您需要定义自己的 - 所以你点击MSDN（或暂时引用对象模型并点击F2找到你需要的值）并在你自己的代码中重现这些值：
Private Enum WdSaveOptions
wdDoNotSaveChanges = 0 ' equivalent to Boolean value False
wdPromptToSaveChanges = -2
wdSaveChanges = -1 ' equivalent to Boolean value True
End Enum
现在不仅Option Explicit不会干扰，你的代码也将正常工作！