面向 Android 12 及更高版本的应用需要为 `android:exported` 指定显式值 [Cordova]

问题描述 投票：0回答：5

当我在 GitHub 中运行创建 Apk 时，出现错误。当我在 GitHub 中构建 Apk 时。无法定义清单内的某些内容，因为它每次都是新鲜构建的。我所能做的就是在 Config.Xml 文件中。添加 

android:exported="false"
后，也出现同样的错误。此问题参考的两张图片均附在此处。 GitHub Error和Config.Xml。帮助将不胜感激。 

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<widget id="com.likehub.sweetheart" version="1.1.64" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/widgets" xmlns:cdv="http://cordova.apache.org/ns/1.0">
    <name>sweetheart</name>
    <description>making love bird together</description>
    <author email="[email protected]" href="">likehub</author>
    <content src="index.html" />
    <access origin="*" />
    <allow-intent href="http://*/*" />
    <allow-intent href="https://*/*" />
    <allow-intent href="tel:*" />
    <allow-intent href="sms:*" />
    <allow-intent href="mailto:*" />
    <allow-intent href="geo:*" />
    <preference name="AndroidXEnabled" value="true" />
    <preference name="WebViewBounce" value="false" />
    <preference name="UIWebViewBounce" value="false" />
    <preference name="DisallowOverscroll" value="true" />
    <preference name="LoadUrlTimeoutValue" value="700000" />
    <preference name="ScrollEnabled" value="false" />
    <preference name="SplashMaintainAspectRatio" value="true" />
    <preference name="FadeSplashScreenDuration" value="1000" />
    <preference name="FadeSplashScreen" value="true" />
    <preference name="SplashShowOnlyFirstTime" value="false" />
    <preference name="SplashScreen" value="screen" />
    <preference name="SplashScreenDelay" value="5000" />
    <preference name="AutoHideSplashScreen" value="true" />
    <preference name="ShowSplashScreen" value="false" />
    <preference name="ShowSplashScreenSpinner" value="false" />
    <preference name="android-minSdkVersion" value="22" />
    <preference name="BackupWebStorage" value="none" />
    <preference name="Orientation" value="portrait" />
    <preference name="AndroidPersistentFileLocation" value="Compatibility" />
    <preference name="GradlePluginKotlinEnabled" value="true" />
    <preference name="GradlePluginKotlinCodeStyle" value="official" />
    <preference name="GradlePluginKotlinVersion" value="1.3.50" />
    <preference name="AndroidLaunchMode" value="singleTask" />
    <feature name="StatusBar">
        <param name="ios-package" onload="true" value="CDVStatusBar" />
    </feature>
    <platform  name="android">
        <preference name="android-targetSdkVersion" value="31" />
        <edit-config  file="app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" mode="merge" android:exported="true" target="/manifest/application" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
            <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" />
            <application android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config" />
            
            <intent-filter>
                <action  android:name="MainActivity" android:exported="false"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </edit-config>
        <resource-file src="resources/android/xml/network_security_config.xml" target="app/src/main/res/xml/network_security_config.xml" />
        <allow-intent href="market:*" />
        <icon density="ldpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-ldpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="mdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-mdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="hdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-hdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="xhdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-xhdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="xxhdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-xxhdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-xxxhdpi-icon.png" />
        <splash density="land-ldpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-ldpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-mdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-mdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-hdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-hdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-xhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-xhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-xxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-xxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-xxxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="ldpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-ldpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-ldpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-ldpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="mdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-mdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-mdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-mdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="hdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-hdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-hdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-hdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="xhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-xhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="xxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-xxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xxxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xxxhdpi-screen.png" />
    </platform>
    <platform name="ios">
        <allow-intent href="itms:*" />
        <allow-intent href="itms-apps:*" />
        <icon height="57" src="resources/ios/icon/icon.png" width="57" />
        <icon height="114" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="114" />
        <icon height="29" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-small.png" width="29" />
        <icon height="58" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="58" />
        <icon height="87" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="87" />
        <icon height="20" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-20.png" width="20" />
        <icon height="40" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="40" />
        <icon height="60" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="60" />
        <icon height="48" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="48" />
        <icon height="55" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="55" />
        <icon height="29" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-29.png" width="29" />
        <icon height="58" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="58" />
        <icon height="87" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="87" />
        <icon height="40" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-40.png" width="40" />
        <icon height="80" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="80" />
        <icon height="120" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="120" />
        <icon height="88" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="88" />
        <icon height="50" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-50.png" width="50" />
        <icon height="100" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="100" />
        <icon height="60" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-60.png" width="60" />
        <icon height="120" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="120" />
        <icon height="180" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="180" />
        <icon height="72" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-72.png" width="72" />
        <icon height="144" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="144" />
        <icon height="76" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-76.png" width="76" />
        <icon height="152" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="152" />
        <icon height="167" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="167" />
        <icon height="172" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="172" />
        <icon height="196" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="196" />
        <icon height="1024" src="resources/ios/icon/icon-1024.png" width="1024" />
        <splash height="480" src="resources/ios/splash/Default~iphone.png" width="320" />
        <splash height="960" src="resources/ios/splash/Default@2x~iphone.png" width="640" />
        <splash height="1024" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Portrait~ipad.png" width="768" />
        <splash height="768" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape~ipad.png" width="1024" />
        <splash height="1125" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape-2436h.png" width="2436" />
        <splash height="1242" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape-736h.png" width="2208" />
        <splash height="2048" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Portrait@2x~ipad.png" width="1536" />
        <splash height="1536" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape@2x~ipad.png" width="2048" />
        <splash height="2732" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Portrait@~ipadpro.png" width="2048" />
        <splash height="2048" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape@~ipadpro.png" width="2732" />
        <splash height="1136" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-568h@2x~iphone.png" width="640" />
        <splash height="1334" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-667h.png" width="750" />
        <splash height="2208" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-736h.png" width="1242" />
        <splash height="2436" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-2436h.png" width="1125" />
        <splash height="2732" src="resources/ios/splash/Default@2x~universal~anyany.png" width="2732" />
        <icon height="216" src="resources/ios/icon/[email protected]" width="216" />
        <splash height="2688" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-2688h~iphone.png" width="1242" />
        <splash height="1242" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape-2688h~iphone.png" width="2688" />
        <splash height="1792" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-1792h~iphone.png" width="828" />
        <splash height="828" src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape-1792h~iphone.png" width="1792" />
    </platform>
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-googleplus" spec="^8.4.0">
        <variable name="WEB_APPLICATION_CLIENT_ID" value="0000000000000-wwwwwwwmkv51oxxxxxxxxxxx.apps.googleusercontent.co" />
    </plugin>
    <platform name="android">
        <preference name="GoogleAndroidClientId" value="888809hhju-i9hd0hc6v51obgdubbgxwbnhiywgdiueh.apps.googleusercontent.com" />
    </platform>
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-whitelist" spec="1.3.5" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-statusbar" spec="2.4.3" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-device" spec="2.0.3" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-splashscreen" spec="6.0.0" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-ionic-webview" spec="5.0.0" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-ionic-keyboard" spec="^2.2.0" />
</widget>

当相应组件定义了意图过滤器时，面向 Android 12 及更高版本的应用需要为 

android:exported
指定显式值。有关详细信息，请参阅 https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported。

node.js angular cordova github ionic-framework
5个回答
19
投票

你可以在android平台下

config.xml
这样尝试 -

<edit-config
  file="app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml"
  target="/manifest/application/activity[@android:name='MainActivity']"
  mode="merge">
    <activity android:exported="true"/>
</edit-config>

确保正确定位文件和活动名称。

由于

merge
模式，
android:exported="true"
将被添加到目标活动元素。如果目标元素中已存在这些值，这将替换这些值。

7
投票

正如消息所说：

当相应组件定义了

意图过滤器
时，面向 Android 12 及更高版本的应用需要为 android:exported 指定显式值。

为了解决这个问题，我转到 

platforms/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
并搜索所有 
<intent-filter>
标签。

然后我检查了它们的父标签是否具有 

android:exported
属性，并使用 
<edit-config>
将其添加到缺少的位置。

就我而言，是 

Social Sharing
插件导致了问题，因此我将其添加到我的 
config.xml
文件中。

<platform name="android">
  <edit-config file="app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" mode="merge" target="/manifest/application/receiver[@android:name='nl.xservices.plugins.ShareChooserPendingIntent']">
    <activity android:exported="true" />
  </edit-config>
  ...
</platform>

解决方案在这里找到。

1
投票

虚拟环境中安装的 Build-tool 31.0.0 导致了此错误。 添加这个解决方案对我有用

  • 名称：卸载构建工具版本31.0.0 运行：$ANDROID_SDK_ROOT/tools/bin/sdkmanager --uninstall 'build-tools;31.0.0'

也删除了这个

ionic cordova 平台添加 android@latest

使用（[电子邮件受保护]） 并添加了这个

ionic cordova平台添加android 使用 ([电子邮件受保护])

由于 [电子邮件受保护] 也造成了

应用程序：compileReleaseJavaWithJavac失败

修改后的工作流程：

runs-on: ubuntu-latest
   steps:
   - uses: actions/checkout@v2
   - uses: actions/setup-java@v2
     with:
      distribution: 'adopt' # See 'Supported distributions' for available options
      java-version: '8'
   - name: Use coturiv/setup-ionic
     uses: coturiv/[email protected]

   - name: Uninstall 31.0.0 Build tool
     run: $ANDROID_SDK_ROOT/tools/bin/sdkmanager --uninstall 'build-tools;31.0.0'

   - name: Run cordova project tests
     run: |
       ionic start testapp blank --cordova --type angular --no-link --no-git --no-interactive --confirm
       cd testapp
       ionic cordova platform add android
       ionic cordova build android

1
投票

我尝试更改很多配置，但更新 Gradle 成功了

sdk install gradle 7.5.1
0
投票

对于 Capacitor ionic，我必须手动将以下路径中的 minCompileSDK 从 31 更改为 30。 C:\Users\yourUserFolder.gradl

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