我需要使用后台服务监控用户的位置，然后加载它们并向用户显示路径。
使用一个活动，很容易获得 GPS 位置，但是当我通过服务来做时，我遇到了一个问题，因为它似乎只适用于活套线程（或类似的东西）。
当我在互联网上搜索解决方案时，我发现很多人遇到了同样的问题，但我找不到有效的解决方案。有人说你需要使用 prepare → loop → quit，还有人说你必须使用 handlerThread，但我仍然找不到如何以正确的方式做这些事情。
我不明白在服务中实现位置侦听功能到底有什么问题。它看起来与您在 Activity 中所做的非常相似。 只需定义一个位置侦听器并注册位置更新。 您可以参考以下代码作为示例：
清单文件：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<activity android:label="@string/app_name" android:name=".LocationCheckerActivity" >
<intent-filter >
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".MyService" android:process=":my_service" />
</application>
服务档案：
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
public class MyService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "BOOMBOOMTESTGPS";
private LocationManager mLocationManager = null;
private static final int LOCATION_INTERVAL = 1000;
private static final float LOCATION_DISTANCE = 10f;
private class LocationListener implements android.location.LocationListener {
Location mLastLocation;
public LocationListener(String provider) {
Log.e(TAG, "LocationListener " + provider);
mLastLocation = new Location(provider);
}
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
Log.e(TAG, "onLocationChanged: " + location);
mLastLocation.set(location);
}
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
Log.e(TAG, "onProviderDisabled: " + provider);
}
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
Log.e(TAG, "onProviderEnabled: " + provider);
}
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
Log.e(TAG, "onStatusChanged: " + provider);
}
}
LocationListener[] mLocationListeners = new LocationListener[]{
new LocationListener(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER),
new LocationListener(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)
};
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
return null;
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.e(TAG, "onStartCommand");
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
return START_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
Log.e(TAG, "onCreate");
initializeLocationManager();
try {
mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(
LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, LOCATION_INTERVAL, LOCATION_DISTANCE,
mLocationListeners[1]);
} catch (java.lang.SecurityException ex) {
Log.i(TAG, "fail to request location update, ignore", ex);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
Log.d(TAG, "network provider does not exist, " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(
LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, LOCATION_INTERVAL, LOCATION_DISTANCE,
mLocationListeners[0]);
} catch (java.lang.SecurityException ex) {
Log.i(TAG, "fail to request location update, ignore", ex);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
Log.d(TAG, "gps provider does not exist " + ex.getMessage());
}
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
Log.e(TAG, "onDestroy");
super.onDestroy();
if (mLocationManager != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < mLocationListeners.length; i++) {
try {
mLocationManager.removeUpdates(mLocationListeners[i]);
} catch (Exception ex) {
Log.i(TAG, "fail to remove location listners, ignore", ex);
}
}
}
}
private void initializeLocationManager() {
Log.e(TAG, "initializeLocationManager");
if (mLocationManager == null) {
mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
}
}
}
public class GPSService extends Service implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks, GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener, com.google.android.gms.location.LocationListener {
private LocationRequest mLocationRequest;
private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
private static final String LOGSERVICE = "#######";
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
buildGoogleApiClient();
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "onCreate");
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "onStartCommand");
if (!mGoogleApiClient.isConnected())
mGoogleApiClient.connect();
return START_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "onConnected" + bundle);
Location l = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(mGoogleApiClient);
if (l != null) {
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "lat " + l.getLatitude());
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "lng " + l.getLongitude());
}
startLocationUpdate();
}
@Override
public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "onConnectionSuspended " + i);
}
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "lat " + location.getLatitude());
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "lng " + location.getLongitude());
LatLng mLocation = (new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude()));
EventBus.getDefault().post(mLocation);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "onDestroy - Estou sendo destruido ");
}
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
Log.i(LOGSERVICE, "onConnectionFailed ");
}
private void initLocationRequest() {
mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest();
mLocationRequest.setInterval(5000);
mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(2000);
mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
}
private void startLocationUpdate() {
initLocationRequest();
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// TODO: Consider calling
// ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
// here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
// public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
// int[] grantResults)
// to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
// for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
return;
}
LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient, mLocationRequest, this);
}
private void stopLocationUpdate() {
LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.removeLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient, this);
}
protected synchronized void buildGoogleApiClient() {
mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
.addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
.addConnectionCallbacks(this)
.addApi(LocationServices.API)
.build();
}
}
所有这些答案都不适用于Android 6.0（棉花糖） - 到 - Android 8.1（奥利奥） - 8，由于限制服务的推土机模式 - 无论服务或任何后台操作需要在后台离散的东西将无法再运行。
因此，该方法将通过 BroadCastReciever 监听系统 FusedLocationApiClient，即使在 Doze 模式下也始终监听位置和工作。
发链接没有意义，请用Broadcast receiver搜索FusedLocation
补充一下，我是这样实现的，通常在我的服务类工作
在我的服务中
@Override
public void onCreate()
{
mHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
mHandler.post(this);
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy()
{
mHandler.removeCallbacks(this);
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public void run()
{
InciarGPSTracker();
}
看看 Google Play Location Samples GitHub 存储库
Location Updates using a Foreground Service：使用绑定和启动的前台服务获取有关设备位置的更新。
后台位置更新（Kotlin）：使用 PendingIntent 的位置更新。
这是我的解决方案：
Step1: 在清单中注册服务
<receiver
android:name=".MySMSBroadcastReceiver"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.android.gms.auth.api.phone.SMS_RETRIEVED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
第二步： 服务守则
public class FusedLocationService extends Service {
private String mLastUpdateTime = null;
// bunch of location related apis
private FusedLocationProviderClient mFusedLocationClient;
private SettingsClient mSettingsClient;
private LocationRequest mLocationRequest;
private LocationSettingsRequest mLocationSettingsRequest;
private LocationCallback mLocationCallback;
private Location lastLocation;
// location updates interval - 10sec
private static final long UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS = 5000;
// fastest updates interval - 5 sec
// location updates will be received if another app is requesting the locations
// than your app can handle
private static final long FASTEST_UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS = 500;
private DatabaseReference locationRef;
private int notificationBuilder = 0;
private boolean isInitRef;
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.log("LOCATION GET DURATION", "start in service");
init();
return START_STICKY;
}
/**
* Initilize Location Apis
* Create Builder if Share location true
*/
private void init() {
mFusedLocationClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);
mSettingsClient = LocationServices.getSettingsClient(this);
mLocationCallback = new LocationCallback() {
@Override
public void onLocationResult(LocationResult locationResult) {
super.onLocationResult(locationResult);
receiveLocation(locationResult);
}
};
mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest();
mLocationRequest.setInterval(UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS);
mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(FASTEST_UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS);
mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
LocationSettingsRequest.Builder builder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder();
builder.addLocationRequest(mLocationRequest);
mLocationSettingsRequest = builder.build();
startLocationUpdates();
}
/**
* Request Location Update
*/
@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
private void startLocationUpdates() {
mSettingsClient
.checkLocationSettings(mLocationSettingsRequest)
.addOnSuccessListener(locationSettingsResponse -> {
Log.log(TAG, "All location settings are satisfied. No MissingPermission");
//noinspection MissingPermission
mFusedLocationClient.requestLocationUpdates(mLocationRequest, mLocationCallback, Looper.myLooper());
})
.addOnFailureListener(e -> {
int statusCode = ((ApiException) e).getStatusCode();
switch (statusCode) {
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED:
Log.loge("Location settings are not satisfied. Attempting to upgrade " + "location settings ");
break;
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE:
Log.loge("Location settings are inadequate, and cannot be " + "fixed here. Fix in Settings.");
}
});
}
/**
* onLocationResult
* on Receive Location share to other activity and save if save true
*
* @param locationResult
*/
private void receiveLocation(LocationResult locationResult) {
lastLocation = locationResult.getLastLocation();
LocationInstance.getInstance().changeState(lastLocation);
saveLocation();
}
private void saveLocation() {
String saveLocation = getsaveLocationStatus(this);
if (saveLocation.equalsIgnoreCase("true") && notificationBuilder == 0) {
notificationBuilder();
notificationBuilder = 1;
} else if (saveLocation.equalsIgnoreCase("false") && notificationBuilder == 1) {
((NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)).cancel(1);
notificationBuilder = 0;
}
Log.logd("receiveLocation : Share :- " + saveLocation + ", [Lat " + lastLocation.getLatitude() + ", Lng" + lastLocation.getLongitude() + "], Time :- " + mLastUpdateTime);
if (saveLocation.equalsIgnoreCase("true") || getPreviousMin() < getCurrentMin()) {
setLatLng(this, lastLocation);
mLastUpdateTime = DateFormat.getTimeInstance().format(new Date());
if (isOnline(this) && !getUserId(this).equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
if (!isInitRef) {
locationRef = getFirebaseInstance().child(getUserId(this)).child("location");
isInitRef = true;
}
if (isInitRef) {
locationRef.setValue(new LocationModel(lastLocation.getLatitude(), lastLocation.getLongitude(), mLastUpdateTime));
}
}
}
}
private int getPreviousMin() {
int previous_min = 0;
if (mLastUpdateTime != null) {
String[] pretime = mLastUpdateTime.split(":");
previous_min = Integer.parseInt(pretime[1].trim()) + 1;
if (previous_min > 59) {
previous_min = 0;
}
}
return previous_min;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
stopLocationUpdates();
}
/**
* Remove Location Update
*/
public void stopLocationUpdates() {
mFusedLocationClient
.removeLocationUpdates(mLocationCallback)
.addOnCompleteListener(task -> Log.logd("stopLocationUpdates : "));
}
private void notificationBuilder() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
String CHANNEL_ID = "my_channel_01";
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID, "Channel human readable title",
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
((NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)).createNotificationChannel(channel);
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
.setContentTitle("")
.setContentText("").build();
startForeground(1, notification);
}
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
}
第 3 步： 清单
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
第四步： Gradle
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:16.0.0'
这是使用 Hilt 和可靠原则的出色实现。如果有人有时间，请编辑并解释以使其更好。这是基于https://github.com/philipplackner/BackgroundLocationTracking.
主要活动：
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
this,
arrayOf(
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
),
0
)
//To start service
Intent(applicationContext, LocationService::class.java).apply {
action = LocationService.ACTION_START
startService(this)
}
//To stop service
Intent(applicationContext, LocationService::class.java).apply {
action = LocationService.ACTION_STOP
startService(this)
}
服务：
import android.app.Service
import android.content.Intent
import android.os.IBinder
import android.util.Log
import dagger.hilt.android.AndroidEntryPoint
import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
import kotlinx.coroutines.cancel
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.catch
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.launchIn
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.onEach
import online.slis.core.data.repository.LocationApi
import javax.inject.Inject
@AndroidEntryPoint
class LocationService : Service() {
private val serviceScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.IO)
@Inject
lateinit var locationClient: LocationApi
override fun onBind(p0: Intent?): IBinder? = null
override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
when (intent?.action) {
ACTION_START -> start()
ACTION_STOP -> stop()
}
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)
}
private fun start() {
locationClient
.getLocationUpdates(5000)//location updates from 5 to 5
.catch { e -> e.printStackTrace() }
.onEach { location ->
val lat = location.latitude.toString()
val long = location.longitude.toString()
Log.d("locationupdates", "lat: $lat, long: $long")
}
.launchIn(serviceScope)
}
private fun stop() {
stopSelf()
}
override fun onDestroy() {
serviceScope.cancel()
}
companion object {
const val ACTION_START = "ACTION_START"
const val ACTION_STOP = "ACTION_STOP"
}
}
模块：
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
object DataProviderModule{
@Provides
@Singleton
fun provideFusedLocationProviderClient(
@ApplicationContext context: Context
): FusedLocationProviderClient {
return LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(context)
}
}
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
interface DataModule {
@Binds
@Singleton
fun bindLocationRepository(
locationRepository: LocationRepository
): LocationApi
}
LocationApi：
interface LocationApi {
fun getLocationUpdates(interval: Long): Flow<Location>
class LocationException(message: String): Exception()
}
位置存储库：
class LocationRepository @Inject constructor(
@ApplicationContext private val context: Context,
private val client: FusedLocationProviderClient
) : LocationApi {
@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
override fun getLocationUpdates(interval: Long): Flow<Location> {
return callbackFlow {
if (!context.hasLocationPermission()) {
throw LocationApi.LocationException("Missing location permission")
}
val locationManager =
context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE) as LocationManager
val isGpsEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)
val isNetworkEnabled =
locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)
if (!isGpsEnabled && !isNetworkEnabled) {
throw LocationApi.LocationException("GPS is disabled")
}
val request = LocationRequest.Builder(interval)
.setMinUpdateIntervalMillis(interval)
.build()
val locationCallback = object : LocationCallback() {
override fun onLocationResult(result: LocationResult) {
super.onLocationResult(result)
result.locations.lastOrNull()?.let { location ->
launch { send(location) }
}
}
}
client.requestLocationUpdates(
request,
locationCallback,
Looper.getMainLooper()
)
awaitClose {
client.removeLocationUpdates(locationCallback)
}
}
}
}
fun Context.hasLocationPermission(): Boolean {
return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
this,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
this,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
}