总结：我希望能够模拟调用远程服务器的 SOAP Web 方法的请求和响应。我希望能够测试此 SOAP Web 方法 CustomerCareResult 的整个请求和响应功能，而无需进行远程服务器调用。这意味着我将不得不使用mocking。我想使用 C#.NET 中的 Moq 框架来模拟传入请求和 CustomerCareResult 的响应输出。我对用 C# 编写模拟测试完全陌生，弄清楚这一点对我来说非常令人沮丧。任何帮助将不胜感激。
注意：这里有一些伪代码，因为整体代码非常复杂，我只想给出它正在做什么的一般想法，而不添加不必要的细节。
我有一个包含 SOAP WebMethod 的 C#.NET 类和另外 2 个方法，如下所示：
public class TransactionService : System.Web.Services.WebService,
TransactionServiceNS.ITransactionServiceSoap
{
//This is a SOAP webservice method
[WebMethod()]
public CustomerPutResponse CustomerCareResult(CustomerRequest request)
{
//The incoming request parameter of type 'CustomerRequest'
//contains the fields: Name, Address, City, State, and AccountNumber
//Call the ApiCreateRequestObj method, passing in the request parameter. This makes
//a call to a remote server:
var apiRequestObj = ApiCreateRequestObj(request);
//Call the ApiCreateResponseObj method, passing in apiRequestObj, this makes
//a call to a remote server:
var apiResponseObj = ApiCreateResponseObj(apiRequestObj );
return apiResponseObj;
}
private CustomerPutRequest ApiCreateRequestObj(CustomerRequest req)
{
// PSEUDOCODE:
//Makes a remote server call, does some processing on the
//CustomerRequest req parameter, and returns a "CustomerPutRequest"
//object containing all the fields of the req object
//So after processing:
return new CustomerPutRequest{Name = _req.Name, Address = _req.Address,
City = _req.City, State = _req.State}
}
private CustomerPutResponse ApiCreateResponseObj(CustomerPutRequest cpReq)
{
// PSEUDOCODE:
//Makes a remote server call, does some processing on the cpReq object and returns a
//"CustomerPutResponse" object containing the response data
//So after processing:
return new CustomerPutResponse{/*contains response data fields*/}
}
}
如您所见，SOAP Web 方法 CustomerCareResult 接受“CustomerRequest”参数，然后调用一个进行远程数据库调用的方法 ApiCreateRequestObject()。这会进行一些处理并返回一个“CustomerPutRequest”对象，其中包含传入的 CustomerRequest 对象的字段。
然后，我将此 CustomerPutRequest 对象传递给 ApiCreateResponseObject() 方法，该方法又进行远程服务器调用，进行自己的一些处理，然后返回包含响应数据的“CustomerPutResponse”对象，该对象由 Web 方法 CustomerCareResult 返回。
我想使用 C#.NET 中的 Moq 框架来模拟 Web 方法 CustomerCareResult 的传入请求和响应输出。我对用 C# 编写模拟测试完全陌生，弄清楚这一点对我来说非常令人沮丧。任何帮助将不胜感激。
为了测试 TransactionService 类而不实际调用外部服务，请确保您使用的是接口：
public class TransactionService
{
private readonly IDatabaseService _databaseService;
public TransactionService(IDatabaseService databaseService)
{
_databaseService = databaseService;
}
public CustomerPutResponse CustomerCareResult(CustomerRequest request)
{
var apiRequestObj = ApiCreateRequestObj(request);
var apiResponseObj = ApiCreateResponseObj(apiRequestObj);
return apiResponseObj;
}
private CustomerPutRequest ApiCreateRequestObj(CustomerRequest req)
{
return _databaseService.createPutRequest(req);
}
private CustomerPutResponse ApiCreateResponseObj(CustomerPutRequest resp)
{
return _databaseService.createPutResponse(resp);
}
}
如果您想测试 TransactionService 内部的逻辑，而不是外部 DatabaseService 内部的逻辑，您应该使用 TransactionService 中的 IDatabaseService，并从测试中模拟 IDatabaseService 接口。真正的 DatabaseService 实现只会在您的应用程序中运行，但您的测试不会通过它：
public interface IDatabaseService
{
public CustomerPutRequest createPutRequest(CustomerRequest request);
public CustomerPutResponse createPutResponse(CustomerPutRequest putRequest);
}
public class DatabaseService : IDatabaseService
{
public CustomerPutRequest createPutRequest(CustomerRequest request)
{
//PSEUDOCODE: Real code for your real service that returns a customerPutRequest
}
public CustomerPutResponse createPutResponse(CustomerPutRequest putRequest)
{
//PSEUDOCODE: Real code for your real service that returns a customerPutResponse
}
}
最后，在您的测试类中（在此示例中使用 xUnit），您应该测试类的公共方法，在本例中为方法 CustomerCareResult：
public class TransactionServiceTests
{
[Fact]
public void CustomerCareResult_UponCalled_ReturnsExpectedResponse()
{
// Arrange (instantiate input parameters, mocks and the object to test (sut))
var customerRequest = new CustomerRequest
{
Name = "Joe Biden",
Address = "White House",
City = "Washington DC",
State = "Columbia",
AccountNumber = "666"
};
//Create the mock for the external service we don't really want to call
var dataServiceMock = new Mock<IDatabaseService>();
//Set up the mock to behave as we would expect the real class to behave when calling its methods.
//In this case, to return the expected value whenever the external IDatabaseService.createPutRequest is called
dataServiceMock .Setup(m => m.createPutRequest(It.IsAny<CustomerRequest>()))
.Returns(new CustomerPutRequest
{
Name = "Joe Biden",
Address = "White House",
City = "Washington DC",
State = "Columbia"
});
dataServiceMock.Setup(m => m.createPutResponse(It.IsAny<CustomerPutRequest>()))
.Returns(new CustomerPutResponse
{
Data = "this is the mocked data I expect my real external service to return"
});
var sut = new TransactionService(dataServiceMock.Object);
// Act (call a method on the sut)
sut.CustomerCareResult(customerRequest);
// Assert (verify that each of the 2 the methods in the IDatabaseService mock have been called exactly once)
dataServiceMock.Verify(m => m.createPutRequest(It.IsAny<CustomerRequest>()), Times.Once());
dataServiceMock.Verify(m => m.createPutResponse(It.IsAny<CustomerPutRequest>()), Times.Once());
}
}
在测试方法中，使用 Moq 为 IDatabaseService 服务创建 2 个模拟。在设置部分，我们告诉 Moq，当事务服务因调用公共方法 CustomerCareResult 而在后台调用 _databaseService.createPutRequest(req) 和 _databaseService.createPutResponse(resp) 时，我们希望 Moq 如何响应。
在测试的最后一部分，我们断言每个方法都被调用了一次。当然，如果您在 CustomerCareResult 内部有更复杂的逻辑，根据您请求的信息，您可能会为同一个方法 CustomerCareResult 编写更多具有不同断言的测试