我在React中还很陌生,我正在尝试制作一个简单的Clicker游戏。就目前而言,一切工作正常(我认为),但是我认为代码非常重复(我使用了很多setState)。有人可以告诉我如何使其更清洁并处理状态吗?我不要求您为我重构此代码,只是为如何做提供建议。感谢您的任何建议。
这是我的代码:
import React, { Component } from 'react';
class Enemy extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
hp: 10,
nextHp: 12,
clickDamage: 1,
gold: 0,
dps: 0.1,
num: 1,
tapCount: 0,
itemCount: 0,
tapCost: 10,
itemCost: 50
};
this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
this.buyTap = this.buyTap.bind(this);
this.buyItem = this.buyItem.bind(this);
}
componentDidMount() {
const interval = setInterval(() => {
this.setState({ hp: this.state.hp -= this.state.dps });
if(this.state.hp <= 0) {
this.setState({ hp: this.state.hp = this.state.nextHp });
this.setState({ nextHp: Math.floor(this.state.nextHp * 1.2) })
this.setState({ gold: this.state.gold + 10});
this.setState({ num: Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 + 1)});
}
}, 100);
}
handleClick() {
this.setState({ hp: this.state.hp - this.state.clickDamage });
if(this.state.hp <= 0) {
this.setState({ hp: this.state.hp = this.state.nextHp });
this.setState({ nextHp: Math.floor(this.state.nextHp * 1.2) })
this.setState({ gold: this.state.gold + 10});
this.setState({ num: Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 + 1)});
}
}
buyTap() {
if (this.state.gold >= this.state.tapCost) {
this.setState({ gold: this.state.gold -= this.state.tapCost });
this.setState({ tapCount: this.state.tapCount += 1 });
this.setState({ clickDamage: this.state.clickDamage += 1 })
}
}
buyItem() {
if (this.state.gold >= this.state.itemCost) {
this.setState({ gold: this.state.gold -= this.state.itemCost });
this.setState({ itemCount: this.state.itemCount += 1 });
this.setState({ dps: this.state.dps += 0.1 });
}
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="container ui center aligned">
<h1>Enemy hp: {Math.round(this.state.hp)}</h1>
<h3>Gold: {this.state.gold}</h3>
<h3>Click damage: {this.state.clickDamage}</h3>
<h3>Damage per second: {Math.round(this.state.dps * 10)}</h3>
<img
alt=""
className="dragon"
src={require("../img/dragon" + this.state.num + ".jpg")}
onClick={this.handleClick}
draggable={false}
/>
</div>
<div className="ui container">
<img
onClick={this.buyTap}
alt=""
style={{ width: '50px' }}
src={require("../img/tap.png")}
/>
<p>Count: {this.state.tapCount}</p>
<p>Cost: {this.state.tapCost}</p>
<img
onClick={this.buyItem}
alt=""
style={{ width: '50px' }}
src={require("../img/rapier.png")}
/>
<p>Count: {this.state.itemCount}</p>
<p>Cost: {this.state.itemCost}</p>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Enemy;
没有太多要考虑的因素。但是我可以说,您所有的状态更新都可以合并。您可以一次更新多个状态值。
this.setState({ hp: this.state.hp = this.state.nextHp });
this.setState({ nextHp: Math.floor(this.state.nextHp * 1.2) })
this.setState({ gold: this.state.gold + 10});
this.setState({ num: Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 + 1)});
to
this.setState({
hp: this.state.nextHp,
nextHp: Math.floor(this.state.nextHp * 1.2),
gold: this.state.gold + 10,
num: Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 + 1)
});
旁注:状态突变,例如this.state.hp = this.state.nextHp
是一种反作用模式,可能导致错误。
第二面说明:对于依赖于当前状态值的状态更新,最好使用功能状态更新,这样在渲染中触发多个更新的情况下,状态更新应正确排队并处理循环。
this.setState(prevState => ({
hp: prevState.nextHp,
nextHp: Math.floor(prevState.nextHp * 1.2),
gold: prevState.gold + 10,
num: Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 + 1)
}));
这里是我的codesandbox demo,它说明了为什么此功能更新can很重要。
除了按照@Drew Reese的答案将setState
组合为一个,还可以通过将方法定义为类中的箭头函数来避免绑定方法(即this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
):
handleClick = () => {
// ...
}
buyTap = () => {
// ...
}
buyItem = () => {
// ...
}
这样,您还可以从中删除构造函数
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
hp: 10,
nextHp: 12,
clickDamage: 1,
gold: 0,
dps: 0.1,
num: 1,
tapCount: 0,
itemCount: 0,
tapCost: 10,
itemCost: 50
};
this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
this.buyTap = this.buyTap.bind(this);
this.buyItem = this.buyItem.bind(this);
}
至
// (State is defined without a constructor as an instance variable)
state = {
hp: 10,
nextHp: 12,
clickDamage: 1,
gold: 0,
dps: 0.1,
num: 1,
tapCount: 0,
itemCount: 0,
tapCost: 10,
itemCost: 50
};