Ubuntu 20.04 - 停止 MySQL。现在它无法启动（错误13，权限被拒绝）

Question

在 Ubuntu 20.04 上运行 DigitalOcean LAMP Stack (1GB VPS) 时，我在上传媒体文件时在 Wordpress 中遇到间歇性的“建立数据库连接错误”错误。这引发了以下 Apache 错误：

WordPress database error MySQL server has gone away for query...

发生此问题时，MySQL 日志重复打印以下内容，此后没有其他内容：

    2020-12-19T12:14:43.708558Z 0 [System] [MY-013602] [Server] Channel mysql_main configured to support TLS. Encrypted connections are now supported for this channel.
    2020-12-19T12:14:43.992793Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.22-0ubuntu0.20.04.3'  socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'  port: 3306  (Ubuntu).
    2020-12-19T12:14:59.498001Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.22-0ubuntu0.20.04.3) starting as process 190645
    2020-12-19T12:14:59.512933Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
    2020-12-19T12:15:00.093514Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
    2020-12-19T12:15:00.448326Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Bind-address: '127.0.0.1' port: 33060, socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock
    2020-12-19T12:15:00.524531Z 0 [System] [MY-010229] [Server] Starting XA crash recovery...
    2020-12-19T12:15:00.543848Z 0 [System] [MY-010232] [Server] XA crash recovery finished.
    2020-12-19T12:15:00.652394Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.

我尝试了此修复：WordPress 数据库错误 MySQL 服务器已消失进行查询

网站仍然显示错误，所以我想我应该重新启动MySQL，但它不会重新启动。

有了

sudo service MySQL start

，我明白了

Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

运行第一个命令：

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
 Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
 Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2020-12-19 12:45:50 UTC; 1min 3s ago
Process: 192068 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 192076 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Main PID: 192076 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
 Status: "Server startup in progress"
  Error: 13 (Permission denied)

运行第二个命令

 Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.
  Users in groups 'adm', 'systemd-journal' can see all messages.
  Pass -q to turn off this notice.
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully.
 --
 -- The job identifier is 8.
 Dec 19 12:13:48 server systemd[189372]: Listening on REST API socket for snapd user session agent.
 -- Subject: A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully.
 --
 -- The job identifier is 11.
 Dec 19 12:13:48 server systemd[189372]: Listening on D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
 -- Subject: A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully.
 --
 -- The job identifier is 9.
 Dec 19 12:13:48 server systemd[189372]: Reached target Sockets.
 -- Subject: A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully.
 --
 -- The job identifier is 5.
 Dec 19 12:13:48 server systemd[189372]: Reached target Basic System.
 -- Subject: A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully.
 --
 -- The job identifier is 2.
 Dec 19 12:13:48 server systemd[189372]: Reached target Main User Target.
 -- Subject: A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- A start job for unit UNIT has finished successfully.
 --
 -- The job identifier is 1.
 Dec 19 12:13:48 server systemd[189372]: Startup finished in 168ms.
 -- Subject: User manager start-up is now complete
 -- Defined-By: systems
 -- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
 --
 -- The user manager instance for user 1000 has been started. All services queued
 -- for starting have been started. Note that other services might still be starting
 -- up or be started at any later time.
 --
 -- Startup of the manager took 168965 microseconds.
 Dec 19 12:15:07 server sudo[190726]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): Couldn't open /etc/securetty: No such file or directory
 Dec 19 12:15:09 server sudo[190726]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): Couldn't open /etc/securetty: No such file or directory
 Dec 19 12:30:17 server sudo[191518]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): Couldn't open /etc/securetty: No such file or directory
 Dec 19 12:30:19 server sudo[191518]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): Couldn't open /etc/securetty: No such file or directory
 Dec 19 12:32:25 server sudo[191686]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): Couldn't open /etc/securetty: No such file or directory
 Dec 19 12:32:27 server sudo[191686]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): Couldn't open /etc/securetty: No such file or directory

第一个错误导致我出现此问题：https://askubuntu.com/questions/1228827/mysql-error-13-permission-denied

但是MySQL已经拥有/var/lib/mysql。 /usr/sbin/mysqld 的所有者是 root。这与 MySQL 运行良好的另一台服务器上的情况相同。我真的应该改变这个吗？

Answer 1

问题是我已授予用户

/var/log/mysql

的所有权来读取文件。

sudo chown mysql:mysql -R /var/log/mysql

允许我启动mysql。

Answer 2

如果您手动删除

binlog

文件，可能会发生这种情况。

检查
```
/var/log/mysql/error.log
```
查看底线，如果原因与
```
binlog
```
文件有关。
如果是，那么清除文件内容
```
/var/lib/mysql/binlog.index
```
然后重新启动mysql对我有帮助。

Answer 3

简单运行更新命令
apt-get 更新
apt-get 升级
它会自动更新 mysql 所需的权限。
它解决了我的问题

Answer 4

我也遇到了同样的问题。我将 mysql 数据目录从

/var/lib/mysql

移动到

/media/anand/databank/mysql

。我向所有用户/组授予了所有读写权限，但 mysql 服务器无法重新启动，

Error: 13 (Permission denied)

。在反复阅读这个和其他线程之后，我可以发现对于文件夹

anand

，没有向其他人（包括用户 mysql）授予访问权限。因此，即使用户（在我的例子中是 mysql）具有对

mysql

文件夹的完全访问权限，但该用户也不会到达

mysql

文件夹，直到该用户获得访问

anand

文件夹的权限。有一次，我在folder上授予mysql用户只读权限

anand

，mysql服务器启动没有错误。

简而言之，如果您向用户授予某个文件夹的权限。请检查该用户是否至少对所有父文件夹具有只读/访问文件权限

Answer 5

有同样的问题

system status mysql Main PID: 178577 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) Status: "Server startup in progress" Error: 13 (Permission denied)

我的解决方案

chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql/ /var/log/mysql/

启动就OK了

Answer 6

Ubuntu下MySQL 8有一个bug：即使你没有安装限制路径使用的apparmor，并且权限设置正确，使用非标准数据目录时MySQL也会因为权限错误而失败——如果你使用除默认

/var/lib/mysql

之外的其他数据位置，将数据移回该位置并更新配置文件中的

datadir

（请参阅下面的有效示例配置），即使没有权限更改或重新安装，它也会正常运行需要——它将正常启动。

[client]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql-files
log_error=/var/log/mysql/error.log

Ubuntu 20.04 - 停止 MySQL。现在它无法启动（错误13，权限被拒绝）

问题描述投票：0回答：6

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最新问题

Ubuntu 20.04 - 停止 MySQL。现在它无法启动（错误13，权限被拒绝）

问题描述 投票：0回答：6

6个回答

最新问题

问题描述投票：0回答：6