@ComponentScan注释我在使用JUnit的Spring Boot 2.2.5.RELEASE项目上工作时遇到一个奇怪的问题。
我试图详细解释我的问题：
1）我定义了一项服务。首先，我定义了一个名为OrderService
的接口，如下所示：：package com.dgs.soc.service; import java.util.List; import com.dgs.soc.excelapi.dto.Order; public interface OrderService { public List<Order> getOrdersList(); }然后我定义了它的实现，此刻非常简单的名为OrderServiceImpl
注释注释。package com.dgs.soc.service; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.dgs.soc.excelapi.dto.Order; import com.dgs.soc.repository.OrderRepository; @Service public class OrderServiceImpl { public List<Order> getOrdersList() { List<Order> result = new ArrayList<Order>(); return result; } }如您所见，该类由@ Service
问题是使用JUnit
，我有这个测试类：测试方法，我得到了这个异常package com.dgs.soc.excelapi.integration; // IMPORTS LIST @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = { Application.class }) @WebAppConfiguration @ActiveProfiles(profiles = { "no-liquibase" }) public class ExcelResourceIntegrationTest { @Autowired OrderServiceImpl orderService; @Test public void getOrdersListRepositoryTest() { List<Order> ordersList = orderService.getOrdersList(); assertThat(ordersList).isNotEmpty(); } }并且这里我遇到一种奇怪的行为：执行getOrdersListRepositoryTest（）
，但是，如您在上层代码中所见，此Bean存在，并由@@ Service]注释>注释以允许自动装配!!!2020-03-23 04:42:24.783 ERROR 5281 --- [ main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@7fbdb894] to prepare test instance [com.dgs.soc.excelapi.integration.ExcelResourceIntegrationTest@2ad6895a] org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.dgs.soc.excelapi.integration.ExcelResourceIntegrationTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'orderService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.dgs.soc.service.OrderServiceImpl' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:643) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:130) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1422) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:393) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:119) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:43) ~[spring-boot-test-autoconfigure-2.2.5.RELEASE.jar:2.2.5.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:244) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190) ~[spring-test-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115) ~[junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.vintage.engine.execution.RunnerExecutor.execute(RunnerExecutor.java:40) ~[junit-vintage-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Iterator.java:133) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:150) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:173) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:497) ~[na:na] at org.junit.vintage.engine.VintageTestEngine.executeAllChildren(VintageTestEngine.java:80) ~[junit-vintage-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] at org.junit.vintage.engine.VintageTestEngine.execute(VintageTestEngine.java:71) ~[junit-vintage-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:137) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:89) ~[.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41) ~[.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:542) ~[.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:770) ~[.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:464) ~[.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210) ~[.cp/:na] Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.dgs.soc.service.OrderServiceImpl' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1695) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1253) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1207) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:640) ~[spring-beans-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE] ... 49 common frames omitted 2020-03-23 04:42:24.816 INFO 5281 --- [extShutdownHook] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor : Shutting down ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor' 2020-03-23 04:42:24.819 INFO 5281 --- [extShutdownHook] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Closing JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default' 2020-03-23 04:42:24.846 INFO 5281 --- [extShutdownHook] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown initiated... 2020-03-23 04:42:24.875 INFO 5281 --- [extShutdownHook] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown completed.它说没有类型为'com.dgs.soc.service.OrderServiceImpl'的合格Bean
在这个项目中，定义了一个由@ RestController注释的类，该类公开API。如果进入此类，我尝试自动连接同一服务类，如下所示：
@Description(value = "Resource layer for handling REST requests.") @RestController @RequestMapping("api") public class ExcelResource { @Autowired OrderServiceImpl orderService; ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... }现在我尝试以Spring Boot Application
的身份执行该应用程序，但遇到了同样的问题：
进行注释。*************************** APPLICATION FAILED TO START *************************** Description: Field orderService in com.dgs.soc.excelapi.resources.ExcelResource required a bean of type 'com.dgs.soc.service.OrderServiceImpl' that could not be found. The injection point has the following annotations: - @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) Action: Consider defining a bean of type 'com.dgs.soc.service.OrderServiceImpl' in your configuration.但是再次存在com.dgs.soc.service.OrderServiceImpl
bean，并由@ Service
我为什么会收到此问题？我想念什么？我该如何解决此问题？我以为我有一些参考问题或类似问题，但我不知道
EDIT-1：
将@ ComponentScan（“ com.dgs.soc.service”）放在我的[[Application类的拓扑上，这似乎可行，但我有一些疑问!!!所以这是我的Application
类：package com.dgs.soc.excelapi;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan("com.dgs.soc.service")
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
return builder.sources(Application.class);
}
}
它可以工作，但是应该没有** @ComponentScan（“ com.dgs.soc.service”）**注释也可以工作，因为该类由https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.12.RELEASE/reference/html/using-boot-using-springbootapplication-annotation.html@ SpringBootApplication
进行了注释，您可以在此处阅读：
自动在应用程序所在的软件包上启用@ComponentScan：@Component扫描（请参阅最佳实践）
因此应用程序位于
com.dgs.soc.excelapi
中，从理论上讲，我期望组件扫描必须能够弹出，并且也没有@ ComponentScan的明确定义。为什么？有想法吗？我在使用JUnit的Spring Boot 2.2.5.RELEASE项目上工作时遇到一个奇怪的问题。我尝试详细解释我的问题：1）我定义了服务。首先，我定义了一个接口...
@ComponentScan注释@ComponentScan("base.package.name")
@ComponentScan注释