这是我上课的一个项目。我仍然是一个初学者，因此本主题仅涵盖字符串，循环和数组。如果您不熟悉该游戏，则高级版本为this。但是，我的任务是使用更简单的版本。这是此版本的规则。
该程序首先要求第一个玩家（即代码制作者）输入要用于游戏的模式。图案长4个字母，每个字母代表一种颜色（R为红色，G为绿色）。为了简化游戏，只能使用两种颜色，红色和绿色。因此，例如，用户可以输入RRGR代表红色红色绿色红色，或者他们可以输入GGGG代表绿色绿色绿色绿色。为简化起见，您可以假设模式仅由R和/或G组成，代码制作者不会输入错误的字符或符号，但是，您必须检查代码制作者是否输入了正确的4个字符（长度为4个字符） ，而不是5和3）。如果没有，则需要提示直到他们这样做。编码人员可以输入大写或小写字母，您应该可以处理它。
程序还要求允许的最大猜测数。现在可以开始游戏了。代码破坏者现在可以猜测模式来赢得游戏。如果他们不能通过最大的猜测数这样做，他们就会输掉。为了帮助代码破解者，您的程序将在每次猜测后给出反馈。具体来说，对于确切位置正确的每种颜色，它将显示一个黑色的挂钩。对于不在正确位置但在图案中的每种颜色，它将显示白色钉。有关示例，请参见示例交互。详细要求和提示：
这里是其工作方式的示例：
Code maker, please enter a pattern of 4 colors (the possible colors are R=red and G=green): GGGR What is the maximum number of guesses allowed for this game? 4 Okay, now it's the code breaker's turn. You have 4 chances to guess the pattern. Enter a guess: RRRR The code maker sets out 1 black pegs and 0 white pegs. Enter a guess: GGRG The code maker sets out 2 black pegs and 2 white pegs Enter a guess: GGGR You got the pattern! The code breaker wins!
我在哪里这么远
首先，我要计算黑钉。最好的方法是使用FOR循环将字符串输入转换为数组。有两个主要数组，一个是需要解决的原始模式，另一个是用户进行的所有尝试的try数组。然后，我们使用FOR循环比较数组内容，并在每次匹配时添加一个黑色的挂钩。
这是我关注的代码（计算黑针）。到目前为止，我的问题是我无法获得与每个数组内容匹配的引脚。基本上，即使有的时候它总是3针或2，但总会产生4针。如果需要，整个未完成的代码都在这部分之下。
String pattern = keys.nextLine().toUpperCase(); // this is used to enter the original pattern
String attempt = keys.nextLine().toUpperCase(); // this is to enter an attempt
String pattern_array [] = new String [5];
String attempt_array [] = new String [5];
int i;
int black_pegs = 0;
for (i=0; i<pattern.length(); i++) {
pattern_array[i] = pattern.substring(i,(i+1));
}
for ( i=0; i<attempt.length();i++) {
attempt_array[i] = attempt.substring(i,i+1);
}
for (int x=0; x<4; x++) {
if (pattern_array[i]==attempt_array[i]) {
black_pegs++;
}
}
这是我到目前为止的代码（如果愿意，可以看一下并指出其他内容）
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CopyOfAssignment5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner keys = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Codemaker, please enter a pattern of 4 colors (the possible colors are R=red and G=green");
String pattern = keys.nextLine().toUpperCase();
System.out.println("What is the maximum number of guesses for this game?");
int number_of_guesses = keys.nextInt();
int turns = number_of_guesses + 1;
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Okay, now its the codebreaker's turn. You have " + number_of_guesses
+ " chances to guess the pattern");
System.out.println("Enter a Guess:");
int white_pegs = 0, black_pegs = 0;
String pattern_array[] = new String[5];
String attempt_array[] = new String[5];
String attempt = null;
while (turns > 0) { // while turns are not zero
attempt = keys.nextLine().toUpperCase(); // then keep displaying the scanner input for an attempt.
turns--;
}
if (attempt.equals(pattern)) { // if you get the correct patter, then you win. Loops stops.
System.out.println("You got the pattern! The codebreaker wins!");
}
if (turns == 0 && !(attempt.equals(pattern))) {
System.out
.println("The codemaker sets out " + black_pegs + " black pegs and " + white_pegs + " white pegs.");
System.out.println("Sorry, that was your last chance. You lost.");
} else if (turns < turns) {
System.out
.println("The codemaker sets out " + black_pegs + " black pegs and " + white_pegs + " white pegs.");
System.out.println("Enter a Guess:");
}
int i;
for (i = 0; i < pattern.length(); i++) {
pattern_array[i] = pattern.substring(i, (i + 1));
}
for (i = 0; i < attempt.length(); i++) {
attempt_array[i] = attempt.substring(i, i + 1);
}
for (int x = 0; x < 4; x++) {
if (pattern_array[i] == attempt_array[i]) {
black_pegs++;
}
}
}
}
程序中有很多错误。
只要转弯还没有结束，就需要保持while循环运行。我看到}的右括号while loop放错了位置。
找到模式时需要从循环中中断。
turns < turns和turns == 0在循环内没有意义。因为在这种情况下，它无法进入循环。
您不需要创建新的String数组。您可以使用String的chatAt()方法。（尽管这不是逻辑错误）
读取输入内容时出现错误。使用Scanner.nextInt()后，应按照说明使用scanner.nextLine() here
使int white_pegs = 0, black_pegs = 0;局部变量相对于循环。以下是完整的工作代码。
public class CopyOfAssignment5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner keys = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Codemaker, please enter a pattern of 4 colors (the possible colors are R=red and G=green");
String pattern = keys.nextLine().toUpperCase();
System.out.println("What is the maximum number of guesses for this game?");
int number_of_guesses = keys.nextInt();
keys.nextLine();
int turns = number_of_guesses + 1;
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Okay, now its the codebreaker's turn. You have " + number_of_guesses
+ " chances to guess the pattern");
System.out.println("Enter a Guess:");
String attempt = null;
while (turns > 0) { // while turns are not zero
attempt = keys.nextLine();
attempt = attempt.toUpperCase(); // then keep displaying the scanner input for an attempt.
turns--;
if (attempt.equals(pattern)) { // if you get the correct patter, then you win. Loops stops.
System.out.println("You got the pattern! The codebreaker wins!");
break;// Exit from while
}
// count black and white pegs to set.
int rCountInPattern = 0;
int gCountInPattern = 0;
int rCountInAttempt = 0;
int gCountInAttempt = 0;
int white_pegs = 0, black_pegs = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
if (pattern.charAt(i) == attempt.charAt(i)) {
black_pegs++;
} else {
if (pattern.charAt(i) == 'R') {
rCountInPattern++;
} else {
gCountInPattern++;
}
if (attempt.charAt(i) == 'R') {
rCountInAttempt++;
} else {
gCountInAttempt++;
}
}
}
white_pegs = Math.min(rCountInPattern, rCountInAttempt);
white_pegs = white_pegs + (Math.min(gCountInPattern, gCountInAttempt));
System.out
.println("The codemaker sets out " + black_pegs + " black pegs and " + white_pegs + " white pegs.");
System.out.println("Enter a Guess:");
}
if (turns <= 0) {
System.out.println("Sorry, that was your last chance. You lost.");
}
}
}
尽管有很多事情需要改进，但我发布的答案与您的解决方案并没有太大不同，以便您可以更好地理解它。
编辑：我的回答只是一个最小的工作解决方案，它可以为您提供输出。@Abra提供了更模块化，更易读的代码。
这是我的实现。因为您已经接受了答案，所以我不会解释代码。也许您仍然希望将自己的代码与我的代码进行比较。也许其他人也会着手解决这个问题，并从下面的代码中受益匪浅。
public class MstrMind {
private static final char BLACK = 'B';
private static final char WHITE = 'W';
private static final int CODE_LENGTH = 4;
private static String getCode(Scanner stdin) {
System.out.println("Code maker, please enter a pattern of " + CODE_LENGTH + " colors (the possible colors are R=red and G=green):");
String code = stdin.nextLine();
while (!isCodeValid(code)) {
System.out.println("Entered code does not contain " + CODE_LENGTH + " colors.");
System.out.println("Code maker, please enter a pattern of " + CODE_LENGTH + " colors (the possible colors are R=red and G=green):");
code = stdin.nextLine();
}
return code.toUpperCase();
}
private static int getGuesses(Scanner stdin) {
System.out.print("What is the maximum number of guesses allowed for this game? ");
int guesses = stdin.nextInt();
stdin.nextLine();
return guesses;
}
private static boolean guess(Scanner stdin, String code) {
System.out.print("Enter a guess: ");
String guess = stdin.nextLine();
char[] flags = new char[CODE_LENGTH];
int blackCount = 0;
int whiteCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < CODE_LENGTH; i++) {
if (guess.charAt(i) == code.charAt(i)) {
flags[i] = BLACK;
blackCount++;
}
else {
for (int j = 0; j < CODE_LENGTH; j++) {
if (guess.charAt(j) == code.charAt(i) && flags[j] == 0 && i != j) {
flags[j] = WHITE;
whiteCount++;
}
}
}
}
boolean guessed = blackCount == CODE_LENGTH;
if (!guessed) {
System.out.printf("The code maker sets out %d black pegs and %d white pegs.%n",
blackCount,
whiteCount);
}
else {
System.out.println("You got the pattern! The code breaker wins!");
}
return guessed;
}
private static boolean isCodeValid(String code) {
return code != null && code.length() == CODE_LENGTH;
}
private static void playGame(Scanner stdin, String code, int guesses) {
int guess = guesses;
boolean guessed = false;
while (guess > 0 && !guessed) {
guessed = guess(stdin, code);
guess--;
}
if (!guessed) {
System.out.println("Code breaker failed to break the code. Code maker wins.");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner stdin = new Scanner(System.in);
String code = getCode(stdin);
int guesses = getGuesses(stdin);
System.out.printf("Okay, now it's the code breaker's turn. You have %d chances to guess " +
"the pattern.%n",
guesses);
playGame(stdin, code, guesses);
}
}