如何使用boto3处理错误？

问题描述 投票：178回答：8

我试图弄清楚如何使用boto3进行正确的错误处理。

我正在尝试创建IAM用户：

def create_user(username, iam_conn):
    try:
        user = iam_conn.create_user(UserName=username)
        return user
    except Exception as e:
        return e

当对create_user的调用成功时，我得到一个整洁的对象，其中包含API调用的http状态代码和新创建的用户的数据。

示例：

{'ResponseMetadata': 
      {'HTTPStatusCode': 200, 
       'RequestId': 'omitted'
      },
 u'User': {u'Arn': 'arn:aws:iam::omitted:user/omitted',
           u'CreateDate': datetime.datetime(2015, 10, 11, 17, 13, 5, 882000, tzinfo=tzutc()),
           u'Path': '/',
           u'UserId': 'omitted',
           u'UserName': 'omitted'
          }
}

效果很好。但是，如果失败（例如，如果用户已经存在），我只会得到一个类型为botocore.exceptions.ClientError的对象，其中只有文本可以告诉我出了什么问题。

示例：ClientError（'调用CreateUser操作时发生错误（EntityAlreadyExists）：名称省略的用户已存在。'，）

此（AFAIK）使错误处理变得非常困难，因为我不能仅打开结果的http状态代码（根据IAM的AWS API文档，该用户的409已经存在）。这使我认为我必须以错误的方式做某事。最佳的方法是让boto3永远不会抛出异常，但是突出部分始终会返回一个反映API调用方式的对象。

任何人都可以在这个问题上启发我或为我指明正确的方向吗？

python amazon-web-services boto boto3
8个回答
368
投票

使用异常中包含的响应。这是一个例子：

import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError

try:
    iam = boto3.client('iam')
    user = iam.create_user(UserName='fred')
    print("Created user: %s" % user)
except ClientError as e:
    if e.response['Error']['Code'] == 'EntityAlreadyExists':
        print("User already exists")
    else:
        print("Unexpected error: %s" % e)

异常中的响应字典将包含以下内容：

  • ['Error']['Code']例如'EntityAlreadyExists'或'ValidationError'
  • ['ResponseMetadata']['HTTPStatusCode']例如400
  • ['ResponseMetadata']['RequestId']例如'd2b06652-88d7-11e5-99d0-812348583a35'
  • ['Error']['Message']例如“发生错误（EntityAlreadyExists）...”
  • ['Error']['Type']例如'发件人'

有关更多信息，请参见botocore error handling。

[更新：2018-03-07]

AWS Python SDK已经开始在您可以显式捕获的clients上公开服务异常（尽管不是在resources上，因此现在可以编写如下代码：

import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError, ParamValidationError

try:
    iam = boto3.client('iam')
    user = iam.create_user(UserName='fred')
    print("Created user: %s" % user)
except iam.exceptions.EntityAlreadyExistsException:
    print("User already exists")
except ParamValidationError as e:
    print("Parameter validation error: %s" % e)
except ClientError as e:
    print("Unexpected error: %s" % e)

不幸的是，目前没有这些例外的文档。

14
投票

只是对@jarmod所指出的'资源上的无例外'问题的更新（如果以下内容适用，请随时更新您的答案）

我已经测试了以下代码，并且运行正常。它使用“资源”来处理[[doing事情，但是捕获了client.exceptions-尽管它“看起来”有些错误……它测试得很好，当在异常时使用调试器查看时，异常类正在显示和匹配。 ..

它可能不适用于所有资源和客户端，但适用于数据文件夹（又名s3存储桶）。

lab_session = boto3.Session() c = lab_session.client('s3') #this client is only for exception catching try: b = s3.Bucket(bucket) b.delete() except c.exceptions.NoSuchBucket as e: #ignoring no such bucket exceptions logger.debug("Failed deleting bucket. Continuing. {}".format(e)) except Exception as e: #logging all the others as warning logger.warning("Failed deleting bucket. Continuing. {}".format(e)) 

希望这有帮助...
13
投票
我发现这非常有用，因为没有记录例外，因此将所有例外列出在此软件包的屏幕上。这是我用来做的代码：

import botocore.exceptions def listexns(mod): #module = __import__(mod) exns = [] for name in botocore.exceptions.__dict__: if (isinstance(botocore.exceptions.__dict__[name], Exception) or name.endswith('Error')): exns.append(name) for name in exns: print('%s.%s is an exception type' % (str(mod), name)) return if __name__ == '__main__': import sys if len(sys.argv) <= 1: print('Give me a module name on the $PYTHONPATH!') print('Looking for exception types in module: %s' % sys.argv[1]) listexns(sys.argv[1]) 

将导致：
Looking for exception types in module: boto3
boto3.BotoCoreError is an exception type
boto3.DataNotFoundError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownServiceError is an exception type
boto3.ApiVersionNotFoundError is an exception type
boto3.HTTPClientError is an exception type
boto3.ConnectionError is an exception type
boto3.EndpointConnectionError is an exception type
boto3.SSLError is an exception type
boto3.ConnectionClosedError is an exception type
boto3.ReadTimeoutError is an exception type
boto3.ConnectTimeoutError is an exception type
boto3.ProxyConnectionError is an exception type
boto3.NoCredentialsError is an exception type
boto3.PartialCredentialsError is an exception type
boto3.CredentialRetrievalError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownSignatureVersionError is an exception type
boto3.ServiceNotInRegionError is an exception type
boto3.BaseEndpointResolverError is an exception type
boto3.NoRegionError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownEndpointError is an exception type
boto3.ConfigParseError is an exception type
boto3.MissingParametersError is an exception type
boto3.ValidationError is an exception type
boto3.ParamValidationError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownKeyError is an exception type
boto3.RangeError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownParameterError is an exception type
boto3.AliasConflictParameterError is an exception type
boto3.PaginationError is an exception type
boto3.OperationNotPageableError is an exception type
boto3.ChecksumError is an exception type
boto3.UnseekableStreamError is an exception type
boto3.WaiterError is an exception type
boto3.IncompleteReadError is an exception type
boto3.InvalidExpressionError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownCredentialError is an exception type
boto3.WaiterConfigError is an exception type
boto3.UnknownClientMethodError is an exception type
boto3.UnsupportedSignatureVersionError is an exception type
boto3.ClientError is an exception type
boto3.EventStreamError is an exception type
boto3.InvalidDNSNameError is an exception type
boto3.InvalidS3AddressingStyleError is an exception type
boto3.InvalidRetryConfigurationError is an exception type
boto3.InvalidMaxRetryAttemptsError is an exception type
boto3.StubResponseError is an exception type
boto3.StubAssertionError is an exception type
boto3.UnStubbedResponseError is an exception type
boto3.InvalidConfigError is an exception type
boto3.InfiniteLoopConfigError is an exception type
boto3.RefreshWithMFAUnsupportedError is an exception type
boto3.MD5UnavailableError is an exception type
boto3.MetadataRetrievalError is an exception type
boto3.UndefinedModelAttributeError is an exception type
boto3.MissingServiceIdError is an exception type
2
投票
或类名称的比较，例如

except ClientError as e: if 'EntityAlreadyExistsException' == e.__class__.__name__: # handle specific error 

因为它们是动态创建的，所以您永远无法导入该类并使用真实的Python来捕获它。
1
投票
[正如已经提到的其他几个问题，您可以使用服务客户端（service_client.exceptions.<ExceptionClass>）或资源（service_resource.meta.client.exceptions.<ExceptionClass>）捕获某些错误，但是记录不充分（还有哪些异常属于哪些客户端）。因此，这是在撰写本文时（2020年1月）在欧盟地区（爱尔兰）（eu-west-1）中如何获取完整映射的方法：

import boto3, pprint region_name = 'eu-west-1' session = boto3.Session(region_name=region_name) exceptions = { service: list(boto3.client('sts').exceptions._code_to_exception) for service in session.get_available_services() } pprint.pprint(exceptions, width=20000) 

这里是相当大的文档的子集：
{'acm': ['InvalidArnException', 'InvalidDomainValidationOptionsException', 'InvalidStateException', 'InvalidTagException', 'LimitExceededException', 'RequestInProgressException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'TooManyTagsException'],
 'apigateway': ['BadRequestException', 'ConflictException', 'LimitExceededException', 'NotFoundException', 'ServiceUnavailableException', 'TooManyRequestsException', 'UnauthorizedException'],
 'athena': ['InternalServerException', 'InvalidRequestException', 'TooManyRequestsException'],
 'autoscaling': ['AlreadyExists', 'InvalidNextToken', 'LimitExceeded', 'ResourceContention', 'ResourceInUse', 'ScalingActivityInProgress', 'ServiceLinkedRoleFailure'],
 'cloudformation': ['AlreadyExistsException', 'ChangeSetNotFound', 'CreatedButModifiedException', 'InsufficientCapabilitiesException', 'InvalidChangeSetStatus', 'InvalidOperationException', 'LimitExceededException', 'NameAlreadyExistsException', 'OperationIdAlreadyExistsException', 'OperationInProgressException', 'OperationNotFoundException', 'StackInstanceNotFoundException', 'StackSetNotEmptyException', 'StackSetNotFoundException', 'StaleRequestException', 'TokenAlreadyExistsException'],
 'cloudfront': ['AccessDenied', 'BatchTooLarge', 'CNAMEAlreadyExists', 'CannotChangeImmutablePublicKeyFields', 'CloudFrontOriginAccessIdentityAlreadyExists', 'CloudFrontOriginAccessIdentityInUse', 'DistributionAlreadyExists', 'DistributionNotDisabled', 'FieldLevelEncryptionConfigAlreadyExists', 'FieldLevelEncryptionConfigInUse', 'FieldLevelEncryptionProfileAlreadyExists', 'FieldLevelEncryptionProfileInUse', 'FieldLevelEncryptionProfileSizeExceeded', 'IllegalFieldLevelEncryptionConfigAssociationWithCacheBehavior', 'IllegalUpdate', 'InconsistentQuantities', 'InvalidArgument', 'InvalidDefaultRootObject', 'InvalidErrorCode', 'InvalidForwardCookies', 'InvalidGeoRestrictionParameter', 'InvalidHeadersForS3Origin', 'InvalidIfMatchVersion', 'InvalidLambdaFunctionAssociation', 'InvalidLocationCode', 'InvalidMinimumProtocolVersion', 'InvalidOrigin', 'InvalidOriginAccessIdentity', 'InvalidOriginKeepaliveTimeout', 'InvalidOriginReadTimeout', 'InvalidProtocolSettings', 'InvalidQueryStringParameters', 'InvalidRelativePath', 'InvalidRequiredProtocol', 'InvalidResponseCode', 'InvalidTTLOrder', 'InvalidTagging', 'InvalidViewerCertificate', 'InvalidWebACLId', 'MissingBody', 'NoSuchCloudFrontOriginAccessIdentity', 'NoSuchDistribution', 'NoSuchFieldLevelEncryptionConfig', 'NoSuchFieldLevelEncryptionProfile', 'NoSuchInvalidation', 'NoSuchOrigin', 'NoSuchPublicKey', 'NoSuchResource', 'NoSuchStreamingDistribution', 'PreconditionFailed', 'PublicKeyAlreadyExists', 'PublicKeyInUse', 'QueryArgProfileEmpty', 'StreamingDistributionAlreadyExists', 'StreamingDistributionNotDisabled', 'TooManyCacheBehaviors', 'TooManyCertificates', 'TooManyCloudFrontOriginAccessIdentities', 'TooManyCookieNamesInWhiteList', 'TooManyDistributionCNAMEs', 'TooManyDistributions', 'TooManyDistributionsAssociatedToFieldLevelEncryptionConfig', 'TooManyDistributionsWithLambdaAssociations', 'TooManyFieldLevelEncryptionConfigs', 'TooManyFieldLevelEncryptionContentTypeProfiles', 'TooManyFieldLevelEncryptionEncryptionEntities', 'TooManyFieldLevelEncryptionFieldPatterns', 'TooManyFieldLevelEncryptionProfiles', 'TooManyFieldLevelEncryptionQueryArgProfiles', 'TooManyHeadersInForwardedValues', 'TooManyInvalidationsInProgress', 'TooManyLambdaFunctionAssociations', 'TooManyOriginCustomHeaders', 'TooManyOriginGroupsPerDistribution', 'TooManyOrigins', 'TooManyPublicKeys', 'TooManyQueryStringParameters', 'TooManyStreamingDistributionCNAMEs', 'TooManyStreamingDistributions', 'TooManyTrustedSigners', 'TrustedSignerDoesNotExist'],
 'cloudtrail': ['CloudTrailARNInvalidException', 'CloudTrailAccessNotEnabledException', 'CloudWatchLogsDeliveryUnavailableException', 'InsufficientDependencyServiceAccessPermissionException', 'InsufficientEncryptionPolicyException', 'InsufficientS3BucketPolicyException', 'InsufficientSnsTopicPolicyException', 'InvalidCloudWatchLogsLogGroupArnException', 'InvalidCloudWatchLogsRoleArnException', 'InvalidEventSelectorsException', 'InvalidHomeRegionException', 'InvalidKmsKeyIdException', 'InvalidLookupAttributesException', 'InvalidMaxResultsException', 'InvalidNextTokenException', 'InvalidParameterCombinationException', 'InvalidS3BucketNameException', 'InvalidS3PrefixException', 'InvalidSnsTopicNameException', 'InvalidTagParameterException', 'InvalidTimeRangeException', 'InvalidTokenException', 'InvalidTrailNameException', 'KmsException', 'KmsKeyDisabledException', 'KmsKeyNotFoundException', 'MaximumNumberOfTrailsExceededException', 'NotOrganizationMasterAccountException', 'OperationNotPermittedException', 'OrganizationNotInAllFeaturesModeException', 'OrganizationsNotInUseException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ResourceTypeNotSupportedException', 'S3BucketDoesNotExistException', 'TagsLimitExceededException', 'TrailAlreadyExistsException', 'TrailNotFoundException', 'TrailNotProvidedException', 'UnsupportedOperationException'],
 'cloudwatch': ['InvalidParameterInput', 'ResourceNotFound', 'InternalServiceError', 'InvalidFormat', 'InvalidNextToken', 'InvalidParameterCombination', 'InvalidParameterValue', 'LimitExceeded', 'MissingParameter'],
 'codebuild': ['AccountLimitExceededException', 'InvalidInputException', 'OAuthProviderException', 'ResourceAlreadyExistsException', 'ResourceNotFoundException'],
 'config': ['InsufficientDeliveryPolicyException', 'InsufficientPermissionsException', 'InvalidConfigurationRecorderNameException', 'InvalidDeliveryChannelNameException', 'InvalidLimitException', 'InvalidNextTokenException', 'InvalidParameterValueException', 'InvalidRecordingGroupException', 'InvalidResultTokenException', 'InvalidRoleException', 'InvalidS3KeyPrefixException', 'InvalidSNSTopicARNException', 'InvalidTimeRangeException', 'LastDeliveryChannelDeleteFailedException', 'LimitExceededException', 'MaxNumberOfConfigRulesExceededException', 'MaxNumberOfConfigurationRecordersExceededException', 'MaxNumberOfDeliveryChannelsExceededException', 'MaxNumberOfRetentionConfigurationsExceededException', 'NoAvailableConfigurationRecorderException', 'NoAvailableDeliveryChannelException', 'NoAvailableOrganizationException', 'NoRunningConfigurationRecorderException', 'NoSuchBucketException', 'NoSuchConfigRuleException', 'NoSuchConfigurationAggregatorException', 'NoSuchConfigurationRecorderException', 'NoSuchDeliveryChannelException', 'NoSuchRetentionConfigurationException', 'OrganizationAccessDeniedException', 'OrganizationAllFeaturesNotEnabledException', 'OversizedConfigurationItemException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceNotDiscoveredException', 'ValidationException'],
 'dynamodb': ['BackupInUseException', 'BackupNotFoundException', 'ConditionalCheckFailedException', 'ContinuousBackupsUnavailableException', 'GlobalTableAlreadyExistsException', 'GlobalTableNotFoundException', 'IdempotentParameterMismatchException', 'IndexNotFoundException', 'InternalServerError', 'InvalidRestoreTimeException', 'ItemCollectionSizeLimitExceededException', 'LimitExceededException', 'PointInTimeRecoveryUnavailableException', 'ProvisionedThroughputExceededException', 'ReplicaAlreadyExistsException', 'ReplicaNotFoundException', 'RequestLimitExceeded', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'TableAlreadyExistsException', 'TableInUseException', 'TableNotFoundException', 'TransactionCanceledException', 'TransactionConflictException', 'TransactionInProgressException'],
 'ec2': [],
 'ecr': ['EmptyUploadException', 'ImageAlreadyExistsException', 'ImageNotFoundException', 'InvalidLayerException', 'InvalidLayerPartException', 'InvalidParameterException', 'InvalidTagParameterException', 'LayerAlreadyExistsException', 'LayerInaccessibleException', 'LayerPartTooSmallException', 'LayersNotFoundException', 'LifecyclePolicyNotFoundException', 'LifecyclePolicyPreviewInProgressException', 'LifecyclePolicyPreviewNotFoundException', 'LimitExceededException', 'RepositoryAlreadyExistsException', 'RepositoryNotEmptyException', 'RepositoryNotFoundException', 'RepositoryPolicyNotFoundException', 'ServerException', 'TooManyTagsException', 'UploadNotFoundException'],
 'ecs': ['AccessDeniedException', 'AttributeLimitExceededException', 'BlockedException', 'ClientException', 'ClusterContainsContainerInstancesException', 'ClusterContainsServicesException', 'ClusterContainsTasksException', 'ClusterNotFoundException', 'InvalidParameterException', 'MissingVersionException', 'NoUpdateAvailableException', 'PlatformTaskDefinitionIncompatibilityException', 'PlatformUnknownException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ServerException', 'ServiceNotActiveException', 'ServiceNotFoundException', 'TargetNotFoundException', 'UnsupportedFeatureException', 'UpdateInProgressException'],
 'efs': ['BadRequest', 'DependencyTimeout', 'FileSystemAlreadyExists', 'FileSystemInUse', 'FileSystemLimitExceeded', 'FileSystemNotFound', 'IncorrectFileSystemLifeCycleState', 'IncorrectMountTargetState', 'InsufficientThroughputCapacity', 'InternalServerError', 'IpAddressInUse', 'MountTargetConflict', 'MountTargetNotFound', 'NetworkInterfaceLimitExceeded', 'NoFreeAddressesInSubnet', 'SecurityGroupLimitExceeded', 'SecurityGroupNotFound', 'SubnetNotFound', 'ThroughputLimitExceeded', 'TooManyRequests', 'UnsupportedAvailabilityZone'],
 'eks': ['ClientException', 'InvalidParameterException', 'InvalidRequestException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceLimitExceededException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ServerException', 'ServiceUnavailableException', 'UnsupportedAvailabilityZoneException'],
 'elasticache': ['APICallRateForCustomerExceeded', 'AuthorizationAlreadyExists', 'AuthorizationNotFound', 'CacheClusterAlreadyExists', 'CacheClusterNotFound', 'CacheParameterGroupAlreadyExists', 'CacheParameterGroupNotFound', 'CacheParameterGroupQuotaExceeded', 'CacheSecurityGroupAlreadyExists', 'CacheSecurityGroupNotFound', 'QuotaExceeded.CacheSecurityGroup', 'CacheSubnetGroupAlreadyExists', 'CacheSubnetGroupInUse', 'CacheSubnetGroupNotFoundFault', 'CacheSubnetGroupQuotaExceeded', 'CacheSubnetQuotaExceededFault', 'ClusterQuotaForCustomerExceeded', 'InsufficientCacheClusterCapacity', 'InvalidARN', 'InvalidCacheClusterState', 'InvalidCacheParameterGroupState', 'InvalidCacheSecurityGroupState', 'InvalidParameterCombination', 'InvalidParameterValue', 'InvalidReplicationGroupState', 'InvalidSnapshotState', 'InvalidSubnet', 'InvalidVPCNetworkStateFault', 'NoOperationFault', 'NodeGroupNotFoundFault', 'NodeGroupsPerReplicationGroupQuotaExceeded', 'NodeQuotaForClusterExceeded', 'NodeQuotaForCustomerExceeded', 'ReplicationGroupAlreadyExists', 'ReplicationGroupNotFoundFault', 'ReservedCacheNodeAlreadyExists', 'ReservedCacheNodeNotFound', 'ReservedCacheNodeQuotaExceeded', 'ReservedCacheNodesOfferingNotFound', 'ServiceLinkedRoleNotFoundFault', 'SnapshotAlreadyExistsFault', 'SnapshotFeatureNotSupportedFault', 'SnapshotNotFoundFault', 'SnapshotQuotaExceededFault', 'SubnetInUse', 'TagNotFound', 'TagQuotaPerResourceExceeded', 'TestFailoverNotAvailableFault'],
 'elasticbeanstalk': ['CodeBuildNotInServiceRegionException', 'ElasticBeanstalkServiceException', 'InsufficientPrivilegesException', 'InvalidRequestException', 'ManagedActionInvalidStateException', 'OperationInProgressFailure', 'PlatformVersionStillReferencedException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ResourceTypeNotSupportedException', 'S3LocationNotInServiceRegionException', 'S3SubscriptionRequiredException', 'SourceBundleDeletionFailure', 'TooManyApplicationVersionsException', 'TooManyApplicationsException', 'TooManyBucketsException', 'TooManyConfigurationTemplatesException', 'TooManyEnvironmentsException', 'TooManyPlatformsException', 'TooManyTagsException'],
 'elb': ['LoadBalancerNotFound', 'CertificateNotFound', 'DependencyThrottle', 'DuplicateLoadBalancerName', 'DuplicateListener', 'DuplicatePolicyName', 'DuplicateTagKeys', 'InvalidConfigurationRequest', 'InvalidInstance', 'InvalidScheme', 'InvalidSecurityGroup', 'InvalidSubnet', 'ListenerNotFound', 'LoadBalancerAttributeNotFound', 'OperationNotPermitted', 'PolicyNotFound', 'PolicyTypeNotFound', 'SubnetNotFound', 'TooManyLoadBalancers', 'TooManyPolicies', 'TooManyTags', 'UnsupportedProtocol'],
 'emr': ['InternalServerError', 'InternalServerException', 'InvalidRequestException'],
 'es': ['BaseException', 'DisabledOperationException', 'InternalException', 'InvalidTypeException', 'LimitExceededException', 'ResourceAlreadyExistsException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ValidationException'],
 'events': ['ConcurrentModificationException', 'InternalException', 'InvalidEventPatternException', 'LimitExceededException', 'ManagedRuleException', 'PolicyLengthExceededException', 'ResourceNotFoundException'],
 'firehose': ['ConcurrentModificationException', 'InvalidArgumentException', 'LimitExceededException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ServiceUnavailableException'],
 'glacier': ['InsufficientCapacityException', 'InvalidParameterValueException', 'LimitExceededException', 'MissingParameterValueException', 'PolicyEnforcedException', 'RequestTimeoutException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ServiceUnavailableException'],
 'glue': ['AccessDeniedException', 'AlreadyExistsException', 'ConcurrentModificationException', 'ConcurrentRunsExceededException', 'ConditionCheckFailureException', 'CrawlerNotRunningException', 'CrawlerRunningException', 'CrawlerStoppingException', 'EntityNotFoundException', 'GlueEncryptionException', 'IdempotentParameterMismatchException', 'InternalServiceException', 'InvalidInputException', 'NoScheduleException', 'OperationTimeoutException', 'ResourceNumberLimitExceededException', 'SchedulerNotRunningException', 'SchedulerRunningException', 'SchedulerTransitioningException', 'ValidationException', 'VersionMismatchException'],
 'iam': ['ConcurrentModification', 'ReportExpired', 'ReportNotPresent', 'ReportInProgress', 'DeleteConflict', 'DuplicateCertificate', 'DuplicateSSHPublicKey', 'EntityAlreadyExists', 'EntityTemporarilyUnmodifiable', 'InvalidAuthenticationCode', 'InvalidCertificate', 'InvalidInput', 'InvalidPublicKey', 'InvalidUserType', 'KeyPairMismatch', 'LimitExceeded', 'MalformedCertificate', 'MalformedPolicyDocument', 'NoSuchEntity', 'PasswordPolicyViolation', 'PolicyEvaluation', 'PolicyNotAttachable', 'ServiceFailure', 'NotSupportedService', 'UnmodifiableEntity', 'UnrecognizedPublicKeyEncoding'],
 'kinesis': ['ExpiredIteratorException', 'ExpiredNextTokenException', 'InternalFailureException', 'InvalidArgumentException', 'KMSAccessDeniedException', 'KMSDisabledException', 'KMSInvalidStateException', 'KMSNotFoundException', 'KMSOptInRequired', 'KMSThrottlingException', 'LimitExceededException', 'ProvisionedThroughputExceededException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceNotFoundException'],
 'kms': ['AlreadyExistsException', 'CloudHsmClusterInUseException', 'CloudHsmClusterInvalidConfigurationException', 'CloudHsmClusterNotActiveException', 'CloudHsmClusterNotFoundException', 'CloudHsmClusterNotRelatedException', 'CustomKeyStoreHasCMKsException', 'CustomKeyStoreInvalidStateException', 'CustomKeyStoreNameInUseException', 'CustomKeyStoreNotFoundException', 'DependencyTimeoutException', 'DisabledException', 'ExpiredImportTokenException', 'IncorrectKeyMaterialException', 'IncorrectTrustAnchorException', 'InvalidAliasNameException', 'InvalidArnException', 'InvalidCiphertextException', 'InvalidGrantIdException', 'InvalidGrantTokenException', 'InvalidImportTokenException', 'InvalidKeyUsageException', 'InvalidMarkerException', 'KMSInternalException', 'KMSInvalidStateException', 'KeyUnavailableException', 'LimitExceededException', 'MalformedPolicyDocumentException', 'NotFoundException', 'TagException', 'UnsupportedOperationException'],
 'lambda': ['CodeStorageExceededException', 'EC2AccessDeniedException', 'EC2ThrottledException', 'EC2UnexpectedException', 'ENILimitReachedException', 'InvalidParameterValueException', 'InvalidRequestContentException', 'InvalidRuntimeException', 'InvalidSecurityGroupIDException', 'InvalidSubnetIDException', 'InvalidZipFileException', 'KMSAccessDeniedException', 'KMSDisabledException', 'KMSInvalidStateException', 'KMSNotFoundException', 'PolicyLengthExceededException', 'PreconditionFailedException', 'RequestTooLargeException', 'ResourceConflictException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ServiceException', 'SubnetIPAddressLimitReachedException', 'TooManyRequestsException', 'UnsupportedMediaTypeException'],
 'logs': ['DataAlreadyAcceptedException', 'InvalidOperationException', 'InvalidParameterException', 'InvalidSequenceTokenException', 'LimitExceededException', 'MalformedQueryException', 'OperationAbortedException', 'ResourceAlreadyExistsException', 'ResourceNotFoundException', 'ServiceUnavailableException', 'UnrecognizedClientException'],
 'neptune': ['AuthorizationNotFound', 'CertificateNotFound', 'DBClusterAlreadyExistsFault', 'DBClusterNotFoundFault', 'DBClusterParameterGroupNotFound', 'DBClusterQuotaExceededFault', 'DBClusterRoleAlreadyExists', 'DBClusterRoleNotFound', 'DBClusterRoleQuotaExceeded', 'DBClusterSnapshotAlreadyExistsFault', 'DBClusterSnapshotNotFoundFault', 'DBInstanceAlreadyExists', 'DBInstanceNotFound', 'DBParameterGroupAlreadyExists', 'DBParameterGroupNotFound', 'DBParameterGroupQuotaExceeded', 'DBSecurityGroupNotFound', 'DBSnapshotAlreadyExists', 'DBSnapshotNotFound', 'DBSubnetGroupAlreadyExists', 'DBSubnetGroupDoesNotCoverEnoughAZs', 'DBSubnetGroupNotFoundFault', 'DBSubnetGroupQuotaExceeded', 'DBSubnetQuotaExceededFault', 'DBUpgradeDependencyFailure', 'DomainNotFoundFault', 'EventSubscriptionQuotaExceeded', 'InstanceQuotaExceeded', 'InsufficientDBClusterCapacityFault', 'InsufficientDBInstanceCapacity', 'InsufficientStorageClusterCapacity', 'InvalidDBClusterSnapshotStateFault', 'InvalidDBClusterStateFault', 'InvalidDBInstanceState', 'InvalidDBParameterGroupState', 'InvalidDBSecurityGroupState', 'InvalidDBSnapshotState', 'InvalidDBSubnetGroupStateFault', 'InvalidDBSubnetStateFault', 'InvalidEventSubscriptionState', 'InvalidRestoreFault', 'InvalidSubnet', 'InvalidVPCNetworkStateFault', 'KMSKeyNotAccessibleFault', 'OptionGroupNotFoundFault', 'ProvisionedIopsNotAvailableInAZFault', 'ResourceNotFoundFault', 'SNSInvalidTopic', 'SNSNoAuthorization', 'SNSTopicArnNotFound', 'SharedSnapshotQuotaExceeded', 'SnapshotQuotaExceeded', 'SourceNotFound', 'StorageQuotaExceeded', 'StorageTypeNotSupported', 'SubnetAlreadyInUse', 'SubscriptionAlreadyExist', 'SubscriptionCategoryNotFound', 'SubscriptionNotFound'],
 'rds': ['AuthorizationAlreadyExists', 'AuthorizationNotFound', 'AuthorizationQuotaExceeded', 'BackupPolicyNotFoundFault', 'CertificateNotFound', 'DBClusterAlreadyExistsFault', 'DBClusterBacktrackNotFoundFault', 'DBClusterEndpointAlreadyExistsFault', 'DBClusterEndpointNotFoundFault', 'DBClusterEndpointQuotaExceededFault', 'DBClusterNotFoundFault', 'DBClusterParameterGroupNotFound', 'DBClusterQuotaExceededFault', 'DBClusterRoleAlreadyExists', 'DBClusterRoleNotFound', 'DBClusterRoleQuotaExceeded', 'DBClusterSnapshotAlreadyExistsFault', 'DBClusterSnapshotNotFoundFault', 'DBInstanceAlreadyExists', 'DBInstanceAutomatedBackupNotFound', 'DBInstanceAutomatedBackupQuotaExceeded', 'DBInstanceNotFound', 'DBInstanceRoleAlreadyExists', 'DBInstanceRoleNotFound', 'DBInstanceRoleQuotaExceeded', 'DBLogFileNotFoundFault', 'DBParameterGroupAlreadyExists', 'DBParameterGroupNotFound', 'DBParameterGroupQuotaExceeded', 'DBSecurityGroupAlreadyExists', 'DBSecurityGroupNotFound', 'DBSecurityGroupNotSupported', 'QuotaExceeded.DBSecurityGroup', 'DBSnapshotAlreadyExists', 'DBSnapshotNotFound', 'DBSubnetGroupAlreadyExists', 'DBSubnetGroupDoesNotCoverEnoughAZs', 'DBSubnetGroupNotAllowedFault', 'DBSubnetGroupNotFoundFault', 'DBSubnetGroupQuotaExceeded', 'DBSubnetQuotaExceededFault', 'DBUpgradeDependencyFailure', 'DomainNotFoundFault', 'EventSubscriptionQuotaExceeded', 'GlobalClusterAlreadyExistsFault', 'GlobalClusterNotFoundFault', 'GlobalClusterQuotaExceededFault', 'InstanceQuotaExceeded', 'InsufficientDBClusterCapacityFault', 'InsufficientDBInstanceCapacity', 'InsufficientStorageClusterCapacity', 'InvalidDBClusterCapacityFault', 'InvalidDBClusterEndpointStateFault', 'InvalidDBClusterSnapshotStateFault', 'InvalidDBClusterStateFault', 'InvalidDBInstanceAutomatedBackupState', 'InvalidDBInstanceState', 'InvalidDBParameterGroupState', 'InvalidDBSecurityGroupState', 'InvalidDBSnapshotState', 'InvalidDBSubnetGroupFault', 'InvalidDBSubnetGroupStateFault', 'InvalidDBSubnetStateFault', 'InvalidEventSubscriptionState', 'InvalidGlobalClusterStateFault', 'InvalidOptionGroupStateFault', 'InvalidRestoreFault', 'InvalidS3BucketFault', 'InvalidSubnet', 'InvalidVPCNetworkStateFault', 'KMSKeyNotAccessibleFault', 'OptionGroupAlreadyExistsFault', 'OptionGroupNotFoundFault', 'OptionGroupQuotaExceededFault', 'PointInTimeRestoreNotEnabled', 'ProvisionedIopsNotAvailableInAZFault', 'ReservedDBInstanceAlreadyExists', 'ReservedDBInstanceNotFound', 'ReservedDBInstanceQuotaExceeded', 'ReservedDBInstancesOfferingNotFound', 'ResourceNotFoundFault', 'SNSInvalidTopic', 'SNSNoAuthorization', 'SNSTopicArnNotFound', 'SharedSnapshotQuotaExceeded', 'SnapshotQuotaExceeded', 'SourceNotFound', 'StorageQuotaExceeded', 'StorageTypeNotSupported', 'SubnetAlreadyInUse', 'SubscriptionAlreadyExist', 'SubscriptionCategoryNotFound', 'SubscriptionNotFound'],
 'route53': ['ConcurrentModification', 'ConflictingDomainExists', 'ConflictingTypes', 'DelegationSetAlreadyCreated', 'DelegationSetAlreadyReusable', 'DelegationSetInUse', 'DelegationSetNotAvailable', 'DelegationSetNotReusable', 'HealthCheckAlreadyExists', 'HealthCheckInUse', 'HealthCheckVersionMismatch', 'HostedZoneAlreadyExists', 'HostedZoneNotEmpty', 'HostedZoneNotFound', 'HostedZoneNotPrivate', 'IncompatibleVersion', 'InsufficientCloudWatchLogsResourcePolicy', 'InvalidArgument', 'InvalidChangeBatch', 'InvalidDomainName', 'InvalidInput', 'InvalidPaginationToken', 'InvalidTrafficPolicyDocument', 'InvalidVPCId', 'LastVPCAssociation', 'LimitsExceeded', 'NoSuchChange', 'NoSuchCloudWatchLogsLogGroup', 'NoSuchDelegationSet', 'NoSuchGeoLocation', 'NoSuchHealthCheck', 'NoSuchHostedZone', 'NoSuchQueryLoggingConfig', 'NoSuchTrafficPolicy', 'NoSuchTrafficPolicyInstance', 'NotAuthorizedException', 'PriorRequestNotComplete', 'PublicZoneVPCAssociation', 'QueryLoggingConfigAlreadyExists', 'ThrottlingException', 'TooManyHealthChecks', 'TooManyHostedZones', 'TooManyTrafficPolicies', 'TooManyTrafficPolicyInstances', 'TooManyTrafficPolicyVersionsForCurrentPolicy', 'TooManyVPCAssociationAuthorizations', 'TrafficPolicyAlreadyExists', 'TrafficPolicyInUse', 'TrafficPolicyInstanceAlreadyExists', 'VPCAssociationAuthorizationNotFound', 'VPCAssociationNotFound'],
 's3': ['BucketAlreadyExists', 'BucketAlreadyOwnedByYou', 'NoSuchBucket', 'NoSuchKey', 'NoSuchUpload', 'ObjectAlreadyInActiveTierError', 'ObjectNotInActiveTierError'],
 'sagemaker': ['ResourceInUse', 'ResourceLimitExceeded', 'ResourceNotFound'],
 'secretsmanager': ['DecryptionFailure', 'EncryptionFailure', 'InternalServiceError', 'InvalidNextTokenException', 'InvalidParameterException', 'InvalidRequestException', 'LimitExceededException', 'MalformedPolicyDocumentException', 'PreconditionNotMetException', 'ResourceExistsException', 'ResourceNotFoundException'],
 'ses': ['AccountSendingPausedException', 'AlreadyExists', 'CannotDelete', 'ConfigurationSetAlreadyExists', 'ConfigurationSetDoesNotExist', 'ConfigurationSetSendingPausedException', 'CustomVerificationEmailInvalidContent', 'CustomVerificationEmailTemplateAlreadyExists', 'CustomVerificationEmailTemplateDoesNotExist', 'EventDestinationAlreadyExists', 'EventDestinationDoesNotExist', 'FromEmailAddressNotVerified', 'InvalidCloudWatchDestination', 'InvalidConfigurationSet', 'InvalidFirehoseDestination', 'InvalidLambdaFunction', 'InvalidPolicy', 'InvalidRenderingParameter', 'InvalidS3Configuration', 'InvalidSNSDestination', 'InvalidSnsTopic', 'InvalidTemplate', 'InvalidTrackingOptions', 'LimitExceeded', 'MailFromDomainNotVerifiedException', 'MessageRejected', 'MissingRenderingAttribute', 'ProductionAccessNotGranted', 'RuleDoesNotExist', 'RuleSetDoesNotExist', 'TemplateDoesNotExist', 'TrackingOptionsAlreadyExistsException', 'TrackingOptionsDoesNotExistException'],
 'sns': ['AuthorizationError', 'EndpointDisabled', 'FilterPolicyLimitExceeded', 'InternalError', 'InvalidParameter', 'ParameterValueInvalid', 'InvalidSecurity', 'KMSAccessDenied', 'KMSDisabled', 'KMSInvalidState', 'KMSNotFound', 'KMSOptInRequired', 'KMSThrottling', 'NotFound', 'PlatformApplicationDisabled', 'SubscriptionLimitExceeded', 'Throttled', 'TopicLimitExceeded'],
 'sqs': ['AWS.SimpleQueueService.BatchEntryIdsNotDistinct', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.BatchRequestTooLong', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.EmptyBatchRequest', 'InvalidAttributeName', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.InvalidBatchEntryId', 'InvalidIdFormat', 'InvalidMessageContents', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.MessageNotInflight', 'OverLimit', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.PurgeQueueInProgress', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.QueueDeletedRecently', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.NonExistentQueue', 'QueueAlreadyExists', 'ReceiptHandleIsInvalid', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.TooManyEntriesInBatchRequest', 'AWS.SimpleQueueService.UnsupportedOperation'],
 'ssm': ['AlreadyExistsException', 'AssociatedInstances', 'AssociationAlreadyExists', 'AssociationDoesNotExist', 'AssociationExecutionDoesNotExist', 'AssociationLimitExceeded', 'AssociationVersionLimitExceeded', 'AutomationDefinitionNotFoundException', 'AutomationDefinitionVersionNotFoundException', 'AutomationExecutionLimitExceededException', 'AutomationExecutionNotFoundException', 'AutomationStepNotFoundException', 'ComplianceTypeCountLimitExceededException', 'CustomSchemaCountLimitExceededException', 'DocumentAlreadyExists', 'DocumentLimitExceeded', 'DocumentPermissionLimit', 'DocumentVersionLimitExceeded', 'DoesNotExistException', 'DuplicateDocumentContent', 'DuplicateDocumentVersionName', 'DuplicateInstanceId', 'FeatureNotAvailableException', 'HierarchyLevelLimitExceededException', 'HierarchyTypeMismatchException', 'IdempotentParameterMismatch', 'InternalServerError', 'InvalidActivation', 'InvalidActivationId', 'InvalidAggregatorException', 'InvalidAllowedPatternException', 'InvalidAssociation', 'InvalidAssociationVersion', 'InvalidAutomationExecutionParametersException', 'InvalidAutomationSignalException', 'InvalidAutomationStatusUpdateException', 'InvalidCommandId', 'InvalidDeleteInventoryParametersException', 'InvalidDeletionIdException', 'InvalidDocument', 'InvalidDocumentContent', 'InvalidDocumentOperation', 'InvalidDocumentSchemaVersion', 'InvalidDocumentVersion', 'InvalidFilter', 'InvalidFilterKey', 'InvalidFilterOption', 'InvalidFilterValue', 'InvalidInstanceId', 'InvalidInstanceInformationFilterValue', 'InvalidInventoryGroupException', 'InvalidInventoryItemContextException', 'InvalidInventoryRequestException', 'InvalidItemContentException', 'InvalidKeyId', 'InvalidNextToken', 'InvalidNotificationConfig', 'InvalidOptionException', 'InvalidOutputFolder', 'InvalidOutputLocation', 'InvalidParameters', 'InvalidPermissionType', 'InvalidPluginName', 'InvalidResourceId', 'InvalidResourceType', 'InvalidResultAttributeException', 'InvalidRole', 'InvalidSchedule', 'InvalidTarget', 'InvalidTypeNameException', 'InvalidUpdate', 'InvocationDoesNotExist', 'ItemContentMismatchException', 'ItemSizeLimitExceededException', 'MaxDocumentSizeExceeded', 'ParameterAlreadyExists', 'ParameterLimitExceeded', 'ParameterMaxVersionLimitExceeded', 'ParameterNotFound', 'ParameterPatternMismatchException', 'ParameterVersionLabelLimitExceeded', 'ParameterVersionNotFound', 'ResourceDataSyncAlreadyExistsException', 'ResourceDataSyncCountExceededException', 'ResourceDataSyncInvalidConfigurationException', 'ResourceDataSyncNotFoundException', 'ResourceInUseException', 'ResourceLimitExceededException', 'StatusUnchanged', 'SubTypeCountLimitExceededException', 'TargetInUseException', 'TargetNotConnected', 'TooManyTagsError', 'TooManyUpdates', 'TotalSizeLimitExceededException', 'UnsupportedInventoryItemContextException', 'UnsupportedInventorySchemaVersionException', 'UnsupportedOperatingSystem', 'UnsupportedParameterType', 'UnsupportedPlatformType'],
 'stepfunctions': ['ActivityDoesNotExist', 'ActivityLimitExceeded', 'ActivityWorkerLimitExceeded', 'ExecutionAlreadyExists', 'ExecutionDoesNotExist', 'ExecutionLimitExceeded', 'InvalidArn', 'InvalidDefinition', 'InvalidExecutionInput', 'InvalidName', 'InvalidOutput', 'InvalidToken', 'MissingRequiredParameter', 'ResourceNotFound', 'StateMachineAlreadyExists', 'StateMachineDeleting', 'StateMachineDoesNotExist', 'StateMachineLimitExceeded', 'TaskDoesNotExist', 'TaskTimedOut', 'TooManyTags'],
 'sts': ['ExpiredTokenException', 'IDPCommunicationError', 'IDPRejectedClaim', 'InvalidAuthorizationMessageException', 'InvalidIdentityToken', 'MalformedPolicyDocument', 'PackedPolicyTooLarge', 'RegionDisabledException'],
 'xray': ['InvalidRequestException', 'RuleLimitExceededException', 'ThrottledException']}
0
投票
如果使用Python3调用sign_up API（AWS Cognito），则可以使用以下代码。

def registerUser(userObj): ''' Registers the user to AWS Cognito. ''' # Mobile number is not a mandatory field. if(len(userObj['user_mob_no']) == 0): mobilenumber = '' else: mobilenumber = userObj['user_country_code']+userObj['user_mob_no'] secretKey = bytes(settings.SOCIAL_AUTH_COGNITO_SECRET, 'latin-1') clientId = settings.SOCIAL_AUTH_COGNITO_KEY digest = hmac.new(secretKey, msg=(userObj['user_name'] + clientId).encode('utf-8'), digestmod=hashlib.sha256 ).digest() signature = base64.b64encode(digest).decode() client = boto3.client('cognito-idp', region_name='eu-west-1' ) try: response = client.sign_up( ClientId=clientId, Username=userObj['user_name'], Password=userObj['password1'], SecretHash=signature, UserAttributes=[ { 'Name': 'given_name', 'Value': userObj['given_name'] }, { 'Name': 'family_name', 'Value': userObj['family_name'] }, { 'Name': 'email', 'Value': userObj['user_email'] }, { 'Name': 'phone_number', 'Value': mobilenumber } ], ValidationData=[ { 'Name': 'email', 'Value': userObj['user_email'] }, ] , AnalyticsMetadata={ 'AnalyticsEndpointId': 'string' }, UserContextData={ 'EncodedData': 'string' } ) except ClientError as error: return {"errorcode": error.response['Error']['Code'], "errormessage" : error.response['Error']['Message'] } except Exception as e: return {"errorcode": "Something went wrong. Try later or contact the admin" } return {"success": "User registered successfully. "} 

error.response ['Error'] ['Code']将是InvalidPasswordException，UsernameExistsException等。因此，在主函数或调用函数的地方，您可以编写逻辑以向用户提供有意义的消息。 
响应示例（error.response）：
{
  "Error": {
    "Message": "Password did not conform with policy: Password must have symbol characters",
    "Code": "InvalidPasswordException"
  },
  "ResponseMetadata": {
    "RequestId": "c8a591d5-8c51-4af9-8fad-b38b270c3ca2",
    "HTTPStatusCode": 400,
    "HTTPHeaders": {
      "date": "Wed, 17 Jul 2019 09:38:32 GMT",
      "content-type": "application/x-amz-json-1.1",
      "content-length": "124",
      "connection": "keep-alive",
      "x-amzn-requestid": "c8a591d5-8c51-4af9-8fad-b38b270c3ca2",
      "x-amzn-errortype": "InvalidPasswordException:",
      "x-amzn-errormessage": "Password did not conform with policy: Password must have symbol characters"
    },
    "RetryAttempts": 0
  }
}

供进一步参考：https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/cognito-idp.html#CognitoIdentityProvider.Client.sign_up
0
投票
跟随@armod更新有关在client对象上添加异常的信息。我将展示如何查看为客户端类定义的所有异常。

使用session.create_client()或boto3.client()创建客户端时，动态生成异常。在内部，它调用方法botocore.errorfactory.ClientExceptionsFactory._create_client_exceptions()并用构造的异常类填充botocore.errorfactory.ClientExceptionsFactory._create_client_exceptions()字段。

client.exceptions词典中提供了所有类名称，因此您可以使用以下代码段列出所有类型：

client.exceptions._code_to_exception

希望有帮助。
-4
投票
如果无法解决问题，您需要采取一些措施。现在，您正在返回实际的异常。例如，如果这不是用户已经存在的问题，并且您想将其用作get_or_create函数，则可以通过返回现有的用户对象来解决该问题。

client = boto3.client('s3') for ex_code in client.exceptions._code_to_exception: print(ex_code) 

就是说，这可能对您的应用程序来说是个问题，在这种情况下，您想将异常处理程序放在调用您的创建用户函数的代码周围，并让调用函数确定如何处理它，例如，通过要求用户输入其他用户名，或对您的应用有意义的任何方式。
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