uWSGI将找不到所有python安装中都存在的模块

Question

我正在尝试通过运行Raspbian GNU / Linux 9（延伸）的Raspberry Pi上的uWSGI运行Django应用程序，它来自发行版的Python 3.5，我编译并安装了Python 3.6作为替代方案。这些是我目前的Python安装：

• Python 2：/ usr / bin / python
• Python 3.5：/usr/bin/python3.5
• Python 3.6：/usr/local/bin/python3.6

我还为python3.6的应用程序创建了一个基于~/.virtualenvs的virtualenv。问题是该服务抱怨无法获取语言环境编码：

致命的Python错误：Py_Initialize：无法获取语言环境编码

由于缺少模块：

ImportError：没有名为'encodings'的模块

但是，如果我开始我的virtualenv并发出：

import encodings

它完全正常：

>>> import encodings
>>> encodings
<module 'encodings' from '/home/ariel/.virtualenvs/you2ogg/lib/python3.6/encodings/__init__.py'>

这是我的service.ini文件的样子：

[uwsgi]

plugins = python3

chdir = /srv/user/app/
module = app.wsgi
home = /home/user/.virtualenvs/app/

master = true

processes = 10

socket = /srv/user/app/app.sock
chmod-socket = 666
vacuum = true

uid = 1000
gid = 1000

这就是日志对我服务的看法：

Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.14-debian (32bit) on [Wed Dec 20 11:29:49 2017] ***
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - compiled with version: 6.2.1 20161124 on 18 December 2016 15:05:38
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - os: Linux-4.9.59-v7+ #1047 SMP Sun Oct 29 12:19:23 GMT 2017
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - nodename: rpi3
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - machine: armv7l
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - clock source: unix
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - pcre jit disabled
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - detected number of CPU cores: 4
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - current working directory: /
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - writing pidfile to /run/uwsgi/app/you2ogg/pid
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - detected binary path: /usr/bin/uwsgi-core
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - setgid() to 1000
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - setuid() to 1000
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - chdir() to /srv/ariel/you2ogg/
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - your processes number limit is 7346
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - your memory page size is 4096 bytes
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - detected max file descriptor number: 1024
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /run/uwsgi/app/you2ogg/socket fd 3
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - uwsgi socket 1 bound to UNIX address /srv/ariel/you2ogg/you2ogg.sock fd 5
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - Python version: 3.5.3 (default, Jan 19 2017, 14:11:04)  [GCC 6.3.0 20170124]
Wed Dec 20 11:29:51 2017 - Set PythonHome to /home/ariel/.virtualenvs/you2ogg/
Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding
ImportError: No module named 'encodings'

Current thread 0x76f35000 (most recent call first):

但请注意，显然uWSGI坚持使用Python 3.5来知道什么，并根据设置PYTHONPATH解决这个问题的其他一些问题，但是我必须注意这个应用程序在Fedora机器上运行完全正常，其中var是不要设置。

这里有什么问题？

Answer 1

我终于找到了问题所在。事实证明，uWSGI的python插件以某种方式绑定到python版本，例如：

• python→python2.7
• python3→python3.5

所以我必须通过以下this guide编译并手动安装我的Python 3.6插件：

PYTHON=python3.6 uwsgi --build-plugin "/usr/src/uwsgi/plugins/python python36"
mv python36_plugin.so /usr/lib/uwsgi/plugins/python36_plugin.so
chmod 644 /usr/lib/uwsgi/plugins/python36_plugin.so

它现在将Python 3.6.X显示为uWSGI服务init日志上的Python版本，并且应用程序正常工作。它在Fedora中工作的原因可能是因为Fedora 26它带有Python 3.6作为默认的python3版本，所以这个插件可能是开箱即用的。