有关类变量，实例变量等的空间的准则

Question

是否有关于类变量，实例变量等的空间的指南？例如

class MyModel < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :something
  has_many: :something_elses
  validates: :property, presence: true
  after_save :do_something
end

在这种情况下，我以模型记录为例，但我想了解所有内容的标准样式。我正在使用Rubocop，它什么也没有告诉我。

谢谢。

Answer 1

[anothermh分享了上面的链接（为了记录下来，当这个问题是关于Rubocop时，令人惊讶的是他们的个人资料照片是Robocop的……）但这是Rubocop guidelines for classes的建议：

class Person
  # extend and include go first
  extend SomeModule
  include AnotherModule

  # inner classes
  CustomError = Class.new(StandardError)

  # constants are next
  SOME_CONSTANT = 20

  # afterwards we have attribute macros
  attr_reader :name

  # followed by other macros (if any)
  validates :name

  # public class methods are next in line
  def self.some_method
  end

  # initialization goes between class methods and other instance methods
  def initialize
  end

  # followed by other public instance methods
  def some_method
  end

  # protected and private methods are grouped near the end
  protected

  def some_protected_method
  end

  private

  def some_private_method
  end
end

[作为个人说明：尽管具有一致的样式，它使读取代码和其他人扫描所写内容的速度更快，更轻松，但是请记住，这些只是“最佳做法”的建议。归根结底，最适合您的应该是[[您的新的最佳实践。