Python中的重试功能

问题描述 投票:4回答:3

前一段时间,我需要R中的retry函数来处理服务器响应缓慢。该函数将具有以下行为:(尝试操作(函数或方法),如果失败,请稍等片刻然后重试)x10

我想到了以下内容:

retry <- function(fun, max_trys = 10, init = 0){
  suppressWarnings(tryCatch({
    Sys.sleep(0.3);
    if(init<max_trys) {fun}
}, error=function(e){retry(fun, max_trys, init = init+1)}))}

效果很好。现在我在Python3中需要相同的代码,因此我尝试制作相同的代码:

import time
def retry_fun(fun, max_trys = 10, init=0):
    try:
        time.sleep(0.3)
        if(init<max_trys):
            fun
    except:
        retry_fun(fun, max_trys, init = init+1)

但是当我运行它时,它使我的内核崩溃。因为我是Python的初学者,所以我不确定导致崩溃的原因以及是否/如何将函数作为参数传递给另一个函数。

你能帮帮我吗?

python python-3.x retry-logic
3个回答
8
投票

除了能够传递函数并通过在名称后添加()(调用调用的Python语法)来使用它们之外,您[[不需要需要使用递归;只需将其循环:

import time def retry(fun, max_tries=10): for i in range(max_tries): try: time.sleep(0.3) fun() break except Exception: continue
except Exception应该更改为捕获该函数可能引发的有意义的异常。使用Exception(就像我在示例中所做的那样)通常是不好的做法,因为它会捕获大量的异常,而这些异常可能是您不想捕获的。 

除此之外,使用for-loop而不是显式的第三计数器和递归(对于较大的值,这会导致较长的调用堆栈)更好。


0
投票
您可以执行以下操作:

def retry_call(function_name, args=None, kwargs=None, retries=3): pass_on_args = args if args else [] pass_on_kwargs = kwargs if kwargs else {} for index in range(1, retries+1): try: return function_name(*pass_on_args, **pass_on_kwargs) except Exception as error: if index == retries: LOGGER.error("Failed %s attempts at calling: %s", retries, function_name) LOGGER.error(" args: %s", args) LOGGER.error(" kwargs: %s", kwargs) LOGGER.error(" error: %s", error) raise else: LOGGER.warning("Failed %d attempt(s) at calling: %s", index, function_name) LOGGER.warning("Retrying") def get_variable with open(FILE) as info: for line in info: if 'Mode' in line: return mode

然后您将调用该函数:

mode = retry(get_variable) print(mode)


0
投票
我知道这是一个老问题。但是,我想添加我已经准备好的解决方案。最好的方法是编写一个retry装饰器,该装饰器将在发生异常时重试。此外,您还可以设置自定义指数延迟。文档字符串说明了如何使用装饰器。在这里,您去:

import logging import time from functools import partial, wraps def retry(func=None, exception=Exception, n_tries=5, delay=5, backoff=1, logger=False): """Retry decorator with exponential backoff. Parameters ---------- func : typing.Callable, optional Callable on which the decorator is applied, by default None exception : Exception or tuple of Exceptions, optional Exception(s) that invoke retry, by default Exception n_tries : int, optional Number of tries before giving up, by default 5 delay : int, optional Initial delay between retries in seconds, by default 5 backoff : int, optional Backoff multiplier e.g. value of 2 will double the delay, by default 1 logger : bool, optional Option to log or print, by default False Returns ------- typing.Callable Decorated callable that calls itself when exception(s) occur. Examples -------- >>> import random >>> @retry(exception=Exception, n_tries=4) ... def test_random(text): ... x = random.random() ... if x < 0.5: ... raise Exception("Fail") ... else: ... print("Success: ", text) >>> test_random("It works!") """ if func is None: return partial( retry, exception=exception, n_tries=n_tries, delay=delay, backoff=backoff, logger=logger, ) @wraps(func) def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): ntries, ndelay = n_tries, delay while ntries > 1: try: return func(*args, **kwargs) except exception as e: msg = f"{str(e)}, Retrying in {ndelay} seconds..." if logger: logging.warning(msg) else: print(msg) time.sleep(ndelay) ntries -= 1 ndelay *= backoff return func(*args, **kwargs) return wrapper

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