使用条件格式替换字符串中的字符 R

Question

我有一个单词列表，如下

wordlist

所示：

 wordlist <- data.frame(words = c("anywhere", "youll", "feel", "comfortable", "please", "dont"))

我有另一个带有辅音列表的数据框：

 consonants <- data.frame(consonants = c("b", "c", "d", "f", "g", "h"))

我想在

wordlist

中创建一个名为

word_structure

的新变量，其中所有辅音都替换为

"C"

，所有元音都替换为

"V"

:

 wordlist$word_structure <- c("VCCCCVCV", "CVVCC", "CVVC", "CVCCVCCVCCV", "CCVVCV", "CVCC")

我不知道如何将条件格式与

gsub

结合起来以获得我需要的内容。

Answer 1

这似乎比

chartr()

更适合

gsub()

:

vowels <- c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u")
consonants <- letters[!letters %in% vowels]

wordlist$word_structure <- chartr(
  new = paste(c(rep("V", 5), rep("C", 21)), collapse = ""), 
  old = paste(c(vowels, consonants), collapse = ""), 
  wordlist$words)

wordlist

        words word_structure
1    anywhere       VCCCCVCV
2       youll          CVVCC
3        feel           CVVC
4 comfortable    CVCCVCCVCCV
5      please         CCVVCV
6        dont           CVCC

Answer 2

使用

stringr::str_replace_all

可以替换多种模式：

注意：我使用了五个元音的向量，而不是不完整的辅音列表。

wordlist <- data.frame(words = c("anywhere", "youll", "feel", "comfortable", "please", "dont"))

vowels <- c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u")

patterns <- setNames(
  c("C", "V"),
  c(
    paste0(c("[^", vowels, "]"), collapse = ""),
    paste0(c("[", vowels, "]"), collapse = "")
  )
)
patterns
#> [^aeiou]  [aeiou] 
#>      "C"      "V"

stringr::str_replace_all(
  wordlist$words,
  patterns
)
#> [1] "VCCCCVCV"    "CVVCC"       "CVVC"        "CVCCVCCVCCV" "CCVVCV"     
#> [6] "CVCC"