自定义 bean 验证器不会自动装配服务

问题描述 投票：0回答：3

我有点不知所措，我有以下自定义 bean 验证器代码：

import jakarta.validation.Payload;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Constraint(validatedBy=UniqueCarBrandNameValidator.class)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface UniqueCarBrandName {
    String message() default "Email address is already registered";
    Class<?>[] groups() default { };
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default { };
}

import icodeit.carfleetmanager.service.CarBrandService;
import jakarta.validation.ConstraintValidator;
import jakarta.validation.ConstraintValidatorContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class UniqueCarBrandNameValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UniqueCarBrandName, String> {

    @Autowired
    private CarBrandService carBrandService;

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(String name, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
        return carBrandService.fetchOneByName(name).isEmpty();
    }
}

简而言之，我需要一项服务来查看我的 CarBrandName 是否唯一，我尝试在自定义验证器注释中实现此功能。问题是自动连接在自定义验证器中不起作用，服务为空，给了我一个 NPE，但该服务在我的控制器中自动连接得很好。按照文档，我包含了以下配置：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.MethodValidationPostProcessor;

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    // Used for auto wiring beans in validation classes
    @Bean
    public Validator validator() {
        return new LocalValidatorFactoryBean();
    }

    @Bean
    public MethodValidationPostProcessor validationPostProcessor() {
        return new MethodValidationPostProcessor();
    }
}

这样 Spring 上下文也可以在自定义验证器中使用。但无济于事。我还在这个stackoverflow线程中尝试了建议的解决方案，但没有成功。

我正在使用以下 Maven 配置：

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>icodeit</groupId>
    <artifactId>service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>service</name>
    <description>backend service</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <jackson-hibernate.version>2.15.0-rc2</jackson-hibernate.version>
        <org.mapstruct.version>1.5.4.Final</org.mapstruct.version>
        <lombok-mapstruct-binding.version>0.2.0</lombok-mapstruct-binding.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.24</lombok.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
            <artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
            <version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok-mapstruct-binding</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok-mapstruct-binding.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

相关错误信息：

java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "icodeit.carfleetmanager.service.CarBrandService.fetchOneByName(String)" because "this.carBrandService" is null
    at icodeit.carfleetmanager.validation.carbrand.UniqueCarBrandNameValidator.isValid(UniqueCarBrandNameValidator.java:17) ~[classes/:na]
    at icodeit.carfleetmanager.validation.carbrand.UniqueCarBrandNameValidator.isValid(UniqueCarBrandNameValidator.java:9) ~[classes/:na]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.validateSingleConstraint(ConstraintTree.java:180) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.SimpleConstraintTree.validateConstraints(SimpleConstraintTree.java:66) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.validateConstraints(ConstraintTree.java:75) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.metadata.core.MetaConstraint.doValidateConstraint(MetaConstraint.java:130) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.metadata.core.MetaConstraint.validateConstraint(MetaConstraint.java:123) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateMetaConstraint(ValidatorImpl.java:555) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForSingleDefaultGroupElement(ValidatorImpl.java:518) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForDefaultGroup(ValidatorImpl.java:488) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForCurrentGroup(ValidatorImpl.java:450) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateInContext(ValidatorImpl.java:400) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validate(ValidatorImpl.java:172) ~[hibernate-validator-8.0.0.Final.jar:8.0.0.Final]
    at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationEventListener.validate(BeanValidationEventListener.java:125) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationEventListener.onPreInsert(BeanValidationEventListener.java:80) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityIdentityInsertAction.preInsert(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:184) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:74) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:653) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addResolvedEntityInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:283) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:264) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addAction(ActionQueue.java:322) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.addInsertAction(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:340) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:286) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:192) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:122) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:184) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:129) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:53) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:107) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:737) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:721) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.7.Final.jar:6.1.7.Final]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]

编辑： 我尝试过按照 ananta 的回答中的建议通过构造函数进行注入，但遗憾的是我收到以下错误：

java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: icodeit.carfleetmanager.validation.carbrand.UniqueCarBrandNameValidator.<init>()
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:3585) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.getConstructor(Class.java:2271) ~[na:na]
java spring-boot hibernate-validator
3个回答
1
投票

您可以尝试使用@AllArgsConstructor来注入CarBrandService而不是@Autowire。使用这种方式，bean 容器必须在创建 UniqueCarBrandNameValidator 之前确保您的 CarBrandService 存在，否则，它将在启动时中断。

@Component
@AllArgsConstructor // Add this
public class UniqueCarBrandNameValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UniqueCarBrandName, String> {

    // @Autowired => Remove this
    private CarBrandService carBrandService;
    ...
}
0
投票

我想我在尝试的过程中找到了一个可能的解决方案。如果您使用替代方法，通过使用 Jakarta 注入的验证器来验证服务中的实体，然后看到您的实体在将其提交到 JPA 存储库时未进行验证，那么它会起作用：


@AllArgsConstructor
@Component
public class CarBrandService {

    private final CarBrandRepository carBrandRepository;
    private final Validator validator;
...
    private void validate(CarBrand carBrand) {
        // This works!!
        Set<ConstraintViolation<CarBrand>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(carBrand);
        if (!customConstraintVoilations.isEmpty() || !constraintViolations.isEmpty()) {
            throw new CustomConstraintViolationException(customConstraintVoilations, constraintViolations);
        }
    }
...

现在唯一的问题是，再次保存时将得到验证，在这种情况下它将再次抛出 NPE 错误。您可以通过对实体以外的另一个对象进行验证来解决此问题。

0
投票

我也遇到了同样的问题并找到了解决方案这里。

您可以通过将以下属性添加到 application.properties 文件来解决该问题：

spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.validation.mode = none

它对我有用，我希望它也对你有用。

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