获取监视器分辨率的最简单方法是什么（最好是在元组中）？
在Windows上：
from win32api import GetSystemMetrics
print("Width =", GetSystemMetrics(0))
print("Height =", GetSystemMetrics(1))
如果您正在使用高分辨率屏幕，请确保您的python解释器是HIGHDPIAWARE。
基于this帖子。
这是一个快速的小Python程序，它将显示有关多显示器设置的信息：
import gtk
window = gtk.Window()
# the screen contains all monitors
screen = window.get_screen()
print "screen size: %d x %d" % (gtk.gdk.screen_width(),gtk.gdk.screen_height())
# collect data about each monitor
monitors = []
nmons = screen.get_n_monitors()
print "there are %d monitors" % nmons
for m in range(nmons):
mg = screen.get_monitor_geometry(m)
print "monitor %d: %d x %d" % (m,mg.width,mg.height)
monitors.append(mg)
# current monitor
curmon = screen.get_monitor_at_window(screen.get_active_window())
x, y, width, height = monitors[curmon]
print "monitor %d: %d x %d (current)" % (curmon,width,height)
以下是其输出的示例：
screen size: 5120 x 1200
there are 3 monitors
monitor 0: 1600 x 1200
monitor 1: 1920 x 1200
monitor 2: 1600 x 1200
monitor 1: 1920 x 1200 (current)
我在我的一个项目中使用get_screen_resolution方法，如下面的那个，它基本上是一个导入链。您可以根据需要修改此项，方法是删除不需要的部分，并在链中向上移动更多可能的端口。
PYTHON_V3 = sys.version_info >= (3,0,0) and sys.version_info < (4,0,0):
#[...]
def get_screen_resolution(self, measurement="px"):
"""
Tries to detect the screen resolution from the system.
@param measurement: The measurement to describe the screen resolution in. Can be either 'px', 'inch' or 'mm'.
@return: (screen_width,screen_height) where screen_width and screen_height are int types according to measurement.
"""
mm_per_inch = 25.4
px_per_inch = 72.0 #most common
try: # Platforms supported by GTK3, Fx Linux/BSD
from gi.repository import Gdk
screen = Gdk.Screen.get_default()
if measurement=="px":
width = screen.get_width()
height = screen.get_height()
elif measurement=="inch":
width = screen.get_width_mm()/mm_per_inch
height = screen.get_height_mm()/mm_per_inch
elif measurement=="mm":
width = screen.get_width_mm()
height = screen.get_height_mm()
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
return (width,height)
except:
try: #Probably the most OS independent way
if PYTHON_V3:
import tkinter
else:
import Tkinter as tkinter
root = tkinter.Tk()
if measurement=="px":
width = root.winfo_screenwidth()
height = root.winfo_screenheight()
elif measurement=="inch":
width = root.winfo_screenmmwidth()/mm_per_inch
height = root.winfo_screenmmheight()/mm_per_inch
elif measurement=="mm":
width = root.winfo_screenmmwidth()
height = root.winfo_screenmmheight()
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
return (width,height)
except:
try: #Windows only
from win32api import GetSystemMetrics
width_px = GetSystemMetrics (0)
height_px = GetSystemMetrics (1)
if measurement=="px":
return (width_px,height_px)
elif measurement=="inch":
return (width_px/px_per_inch,height_px/px_per_inch)
elif measurement=="mm":
return (width_px/mm_per_inch,height_px/mm_per_inch)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
except:
try: # Windows only
import ctypes
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
width_px = user32.GetSystemMetrics(0)
height_px = user32.GetSystemMetrics(1)
if measurement=="px":
return (width_px,height_px)
elif measurement=="inch":
return (width_px/px_per_inch,height_px/px_per_inch)
elif measurement=="mm":
return (width_px/mm_per_inch,height_px/mm_per_inch)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
except:
try: # Mac OS X only
import AppKit
for screen in AppKit.NSScreen.screens():
width_px = screen.frame().size.width
height_px = screen.frame().size.height
if measurement=="px":
return (width_px,height_px)
elif measurement=="inch":
return (width_px/px_per_inch,height_px/px_per_inch)
elif measurement=="mm":
return (width_px/mm_per_inch,height_px/mm_per_inch)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
except:
try: # Linux/Unix
import Xlib.display
resolution = Xlib.display.Display().screen().root.get_geometry()
width_px = resolution.width
height_px = resolution.height
if measurement=="px":
return (width_px,height_px)
elif measurement=="inch":
return (width_px/px_per_inch,height_px/px_per_inch)
elif measurement=="mm":
return (width_px/mm_per_inch,height_px/mm_per_inch)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
except:
try: # Linux/Unix
if not self.is_in_path("xrandr"):
raise ImportError("Cannot read the output of xrandr, if any.")
else:
args = ["xrandr", "-q", "-d", ":0"]
proc = subprocess.Popen(args,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
for line in iter(proc.stdout.readline,''):
if isinstance(line, bytes):
line = line.decode("utf-8")
if "Screen" in line:
width_px = int(line.split()[7])
height_px = int(line.split()[9][:-1])
if measurement=="px":
return (width_px,height_px)
elif measurement=="inch":
return (width_px/px_per_inch,height_px/px_per_inch)
elif measurement=="mm":
return (width_px/mm_per_inch,height_px/mm_per_inch)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
except:
# Failover
screensize = 1366, 768
sys.stderr.write("WARNING: Failed to detect screen size. Falling back to %sx%s" % screensize)
if measurement=="px":
return screensize
elif measurement=="inch":
return (screensize[0]/px_per_inch,screensize[1]/px_per_inch)
elif measurement=="mm":
return (screensize[0]/mm_per_inch,screensize[1]/mm_per_inch)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Handling %s is not implemented." % measurement)
XWindows版本：
#!/usr/bin/python
import Xlib
import Xlib.display
resolution = Xlib.display.Display().screen().root.get_geometry()
print str(resolution.width) + "x" + str(resolution.height)
请尝试以下代码：
import subprocess
resuls = subprocess.Popen(['xrandr'],stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0].split("current")[1].split(",")[0]
width = resuls.split("x")[0].strip()
heigth = resuls.split("x")[1].strip()
print width + "x" + heigth
如果您安装了PyQt4，请尝试以下代码：
from PyQt4 import QtGui
import sys
MyApp = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
V = MyApp.desktop().screenGeometry()
h = V.height()
w = V.width()
print("The screen resolution (width X height) is the following:")
print(str(w) + "X" + str(h))
对于PyQt5，以下内容将起作用：
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
import sys
MyApp = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
V = MyApp.desktop().screenGeometry()
h = V.height()
w = V.width()
print("The screen resolution (width X height) is the following:")
print(str(w) + "X" + str(h))
老问题，但这是缺少的。我是python的新手，所以请告诉我这是否是一个“坏”的解决方案。此解决方案仅适用于Windows和MacOS，它仅适用于主屏幕 - 但问题中未提及操作系统。
通过截图来衡量大小。由于屏幕尺寸不应改变，因此必须只进行一次。如果你有一个像GTK，wx，...安装的gui工具包，那么有更优雅的解决方案。
pip install Pillow
from PIL import ImageGrab
img = ImageGrab.grab()
print (img.size)
使用Linux而不是正则表达式取第一行并取出当前的分辨率值。
当前显示分辨率：0
>>> screen = os.popen("xrandr -q -d :0").readlines()[0]
>>> print screen
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 1920 x 1920
>>> width = screen.split()[7]
>>> print width
1920
>>> height = screen.split()[9][:-1]
>>> print height
1080
>>> print "Current resolution is %s x %s" % (width,height)
Current resolution is 1920 x 1080
这是在xrandr 1.3.5上完成的，我不知道其他版本的输出是否不同，但这应该很容易弄明白。
获取每像素位数：
import ctypes
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
gdi32 = ctypes.windll.gdi32
screensize = (user32.GetSystemMetrics(0), user32.GetSystemMetrics(1))
print "screensize =%s"%(str(screensize))
dc = user32.GetDC(None);
screensize = (gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(dc,8), gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(dc,10), gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(dc,12))
print "screensize =%s"%(str(screensize))
screensize = (gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(dc,118), gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(dc,117), gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(dc,12))
print "screensize =%s"%(str(screensize))
gdi32中的参数：
#/// Vertical height of entire desktop in pixels
#DESKTOPVERTRES = 117,
#/// Horizontal width of entire desktop in pixels
#DESKTOPHORZRES = 118,
#/// Horizontal width in pixels
#HORZRES = 8,
#/// Vertical height in pixels
#VERTRES = 10,
#/// Number of bits per pixel
#BITSPIXEL = 12,
使用xrandr的另一个版本：
import re
from subprocess import run, PIPE
output = run(['xrandr'], stdout=PIPE).stdout.decode()
result = re.search(r'current (\d+) x (\d+)', output)
width, height = map(int, result.groups()) if result else (800, 600)
在Windows中，您还可以将ctypes与GetSystemMetrics()一起使用：
import ctypes
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
screensize = user32.GetSystemMetrics(0), user32.GetSystemMetrics(1)
这样你就不需要安装pywin32包了;它不需要Python本身没有的任何东西。
对于多显示器设置，您可以检索虚拟显示器的组合宽度和高度：
import ctypes
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
screensize = user32.GetSystemMetrics(78), user32.GetSystemMetrics(79)
尝试pyautogui：
import pyautogui
resolution = pyautogui.size()
print(resolution)
你可以使用PyMouse。要获得屏幕大小，只需使用screen_size()属性：
from pymouse import PyMouse
m = PyMouse()
a = m.screen_size()
a将返回一个元组(X, Y)，其中X是水平位置，Y是垂直位置。
在Linux上我们可以使用子进程模块
import subprocess
cmd = ['xrandr']
cmd2 = ['grep', '*']
p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
p2 = subprocess.Popen(cmd2, stdin=p.stdout, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
p.stdout.close()
resolution_string, junk = p2.communicate()
resolution = resolution_string.split()[0]
resolution = resolution.decode("utf-8")
width = int(resolution.split("x")[0].strip())
heigth = int(resolution.split("x")[1].strip())
这对于视网膜屏幕来说有点麻烦，我使用tkinter来获取假尺寸，使用枕头抓取来获得真实尺寸：
import tkinter
root = tkinter.Tk()
resolution_width = root.winfo_screenwidth()
resolution_height = root.winfo_screenheight()
image = ImageGrab.grab()
real_width, real_height = image.width, image.height
ratio_width = real_width / resolution_width
ratio_height = real_height/ resolution_height
如果您使用的是Windows操作系统，则可以使用操作系统模块来获取它：
import os
cmd = 'wmic desktopmonitor get screenheight, screenwidth'
size_tuple = tuple(map(int,os.popen(cmd).read().split()[-2::]))
它将返回一个元组（Y，X），其中Y是水平大小，X是垂直大小。此代码适用于Python 2和Python 3
我为此创建了一个PyPI module：
pip install screeninfo
代码：
from screeninfo import get_monitors
for m in get_monitors():
print(str(m))
结果：
monitor(1920x1080+1920+0)
monitor(1920x1080+0+0)
它支持多监视器环境。它的目标是跨平台;目前它支持Cygwin和X11，但拉取请求是完全受欢迎的。
如果你正在使用wxWindows，你可以简单地做：
import wx
app = wx.App(False) # the wx.App object must be created first.
print(wx.GetDisplaySize()) # returns a tuple
直接来自这篇文章的答案：How to get the screen size in Tkinter?
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
screen_width = root.winfo_screenwidth()
screen_height = root.winfo_screenheight()
在Windows 8.1上，我无法从ctypes或tk获得正确的解析。其他人对ctypes也有同样的问题：getsystemmetrics returns wrong screen size要在Windows 8.1上获得高DPI监视器的正确完全分辨率，必须调用SetProcessDPIAware并使用以下代码：
import ctypes
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
user32.SetProcessDPIAware()
[w, h] = [user32.GetSystemMetrics(0), user32.GetSystemMetrics(1)]
详细信息如下：
我发现这是因为Windows正在报告缩放分辨率。看来python默认是'system dpi aware'应用程序。此处列出了DPI感知应用程序的类型：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn469266%28v=vs.85%29.aspx#dpi_and_the_desktop_scaling_factor
基本上，不是显示内容的完整显示器分辨率，这将使字体变得微小，而是将内容放大，直到字体足够大。
在我的显示器上，我得到： 物理分辨率：2560 x 1440（220 DPI） 报告的python分辨率：1555 x 875（158 DPI）
根据此窗口网站：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa770067%28v=vs.85%29.aspx报告的系统有效分辨率的公式为：（reported_px * current_dpi）/（96 dpi）= physical_px
我可以使用以下代码获得正确的全屏分辨率和当前DPI。请注意，我调用SetProcessDPIAware（）以允许程序查看真实分辨率。
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
width_px = root.winfo_screenwidth()
height_px = root.winfo_screenheight()
width_mm = root.winfo_screenmmwidth()
height_mm = root.winfo_screenmmheight()
# 2.54 cm = in
width_in = width_mm / 25.4
height_in = height_mm / 25.4
width_dpi = width_px/width_in
height_dpi = height_px/height_in
print('Width: %i px, Height: %i px' % (width_px, height_px))
print('Width: %i mm, Height: %i mm' % (width_mm, height_mm))
print('Width: %f in, Height: %f in' % (width_in, height_in))
print('Width: %f dpi, Height: %f dpi' % (width_dpi, height_dpi))
import ctypes
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
user32.SetProcessDPIAware()
[w, h] = [user32.GetSystemMetrics(0), user32.GetSystemMetrics(1)]
print('Size is %f %f' % (w, h))
curr_dpi = w*96/width_px
print('Current DPI is %f' % (curr_dpi))
返回的是：
Width: 1555 px, Height: 875 px
Width: 411 mm, Height: 232 mm
Width: 16.181102 in, Height: 9.133858 in
Width: 96.099757 dpi, Height: 95.797414 dpi
Size is 2560.000000 1440.000000
Current DPI is 158.045016
我正在运行带有220 DPI显示器的Windows 8.1。我的显示缩放将当前的DPI设置为158。
我将使用158来确保我的matplotlib图是正确的大小：来自pylab import rcParams rcParams ['figure.dpi'] = curr_dpi
为了完整起见，Mac OS X.
import AppKit
[(screen.frame().size.width, screen.frame().size.height)
for screen in AppKit.NSScreen.screens()]
将为您提供包含所有屏幕大小的元组列表（如果存在多个监视器）
如果您使用的是Qt工具包，特别是PySide，您可以执行以下操作：
from PySide import QtGui
import sys
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
screen_rect = app.desktop().screenGeometry()
width, height = screen_rect.width(), screen_rect.height()
使用Linux，最简单的方法是执行bash命令
xrandr | grep '*'
并使用regexp解析其输出。
你也可以通过PyGame：http://www.daniweb.com/forums/thread54881.html来做到这一点