在此程序中,我试图使用C样式的文件来读取和写入这些文件。我还使用new()动态地将内存分配到堆上并删除,然后将该内存块写入另一个文件。由于某种原因,当我执行十六进制驼峰时,文件几乎相同。只有结尾字节不同。这是我的垃圾场。
这是我的输入文件。输出应具有相同的数据。
这是我的输出文件。从转储中,您可以看到它在文件末尾有所不同。如果我使用fseek()跳过填充,为什么会发生这种情况?
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdio>
#pragma pack(push, 2)
struct BitmapFileHeader {
uint16_t type;
uint32_t size;
uint16_t reserved_1;
uint16_t reserved_2;
uint32_t offset;
};
struct BitmapInfoHeader {
uint32_t size;
uint32_t width;
uint32_t height;
uint16_t planes;
uint16_t bitcount;
uint32_t compression;
uint32_t imagesize;
uint32_t x_pixels_per_meter;
uint32_t y_pixels_per_meter;
uint32_t color_used;
uint32_t color_important;
};
#pragma pack(pop)
struct Pixel {
uint8_t blue;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t red;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
if(argc != 3) {
printf("Usage : %s input_file output_file\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
FILE *fin;
FILE *fout;
BitmapFileHeader bfh;
BitmapInfoHeader bih;
fin = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
if (nullptr == fin) {
perror(argv[1]);
return -1;
}
if (sizeof(BitmapFileHeader) != fread(
&bfh,
1,
sizeof(bfh),
fin
)) {
printf("Unable to read bitmap file header. \n");
return -2;
}
if (sizeof(BitmapInfoHeader) != fread(
&bih,
1,
sizeof(bih),
fin
)) {
printf("Unable to read bitmap info header. \n");
return -3;
}
printf("Size of File Header = %lu\n", sizeof(BitmapFileHeader));
int8_t first = (bfh.type >> 8) & 0xff;
int8_t second = bfh.type & 0xff;
if ( (first != 'M') && (second != 'B') ){
printf("Input file is not a Bitmap file. \n");
return -4;
}
printf("File type = %c%c\n", first, second);
printf("File size = %u\n", bfh.size);
printf("File offset = %u\n", bfh.offset);
printf("File width = %u\n", bih.width);
printf("Info size = %u\n", bih.size);
uint32_t padding_bytes = 0;
uint32_t row_bytes_final = bih.width * sizeof(Pixel);
uint32_t row_bytes_initial = row_bytes_final;
do{
uint32_t rem = row_bytes_final % 4;
if (rem != 0) {
row_bytes_final += 1;
}
padding_bytes = row_bytes_final - row_bytes_initial;
} while( (row_bytes_final % 4) != 0);
fseek(fin, bfh.offset, SEEK_SET);
Pixel *p = new Pixel[bih.height * bih.width];
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bih.height; i++) {
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < bih.width; j++) {
uint32_t index = i * bih.width + j;
fread(&p[index], 1, sizeof(p[0]), fin);
}
fseek(fin, padding_bytes, SEEK_CUR);
}
fclose(fin);
fout = fopen(argv[2], "wb");
if(nullptr == fout) {
perror(argv[2]);
return -5;
}
if( sizeof(BitmapFileHeader) != fwrite(
&bfh,
1,
sizeof(bfh),
fout
)) {
printf("Unable to write bitmap file header.\n");
return -6;
}
if( sizeof(BitmapInfoHeader) != fwrite(
&bih,
1,
sizeof(bih),
fout
)) {
printf("Unable to write bitmap info header.\n");
return -7;
}
fseek(fout, bfh.offset, SEEK_SET);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bih.height; i++) {
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < bih.width; j++) {
uint32_t index = i * bih.width + j;
fwrite(&p[index], 1, sizeof(p[0]), fout);
}
fseek(fout, padding_bytes, SEEK_CUR);
}
fclose(fout);
delete p;
//fseek(fin, bfh.offset, SEEK_SET);
//Pixel p;
//fread(&p, 1, sizeof(p), fin);
//printf("R = %u, G = %u, B = %u\n", p.red, p.green, p.blue);
return 0;
}
寻找到文件末尾的位置不会自动填充它。填充字节将仅在后续写入中写入。
您可以按如下所示强制在循环完成后写入最后的填充:
if (padding_bytes > 0) {
fseek(fout, -1, SEEK_CUR);
fputc('\0', fout);
}
顺便说一下,您为阵列使用了错误的delete
。而是使用array-delete(对应于array-alloc):
delete[] p;